drawl of mine samples and mitigation measures for impact of mining on environment engr. muhammad...

DRAWL OF MINE SAMPLES AND MITIGATION MEASURES

FOR IMPACT OF MINING ON ENVIRONMENT

ENGR. MUHAMMAD KHALID PERVAIZPRESIDENT

INSTITUTE OF MINING ENGINEERS PAKISTAN

By

ENGR. MUHAMMAD KHALID PERVAIZPRESIDENT

INSTITUTE OF MINING ENGINEERS PAKISTAN

By

• The earth planet on which we live is subjected to various wears and tears weathering agents

• The pollution’s are being added progressively with the time to make the earth ecologically spoil, more vulnerable to distraction

• The depletion, dilution and pollution of resources are making the life less comfortable and tending the people to be more careful for their survival.

• The impact of mining which were not visible in the past are becoming more prominent and threatening to the social dimensions of the population.

• The most environmental problems are over population, depletion of resources, pollution, equitable changes and wars.

• With the ever growing awareness about environment the much high challenges are ahead for the mining to adopt mitigating measures.

• universally accepted principals are

• Safe use and

• Pollutant pays

• Pollution prevention; will be diligently adopted

• The degree of inputs for developing awareness about environmental pollution are more indicated in rural population.

• The Coal Mining in Sindh ,Balochistan ,Nwfp &Punjab is mostly underground, therefore the solid waste disposal and water contamination is the major challenge of the mine operators to safeguard environmental degradations.

• The Triangle of rights:-

• The workers have the right to earn and safety.

• The public at large has the right for safe environments.

• The employer has the right to exploit minerals

• Mining has peculiar nature of hazards constant monitoring on identified areas provides safeguards to the stake holders.

• Such monitoring is done by the provincial inspectorate but impact of mining on environment is mandated to EPA

UNDERGROUND MINING

IMPACTIMPACT MONITORING MONITORING AGENCIES/ AGENCIES/ REMEDIAL REMEDIAL MEASURESMEASURES

CONSOLIDATED CONSOLIDATED ACTION PLANACTION PLAN

The Mining underground has peculiar circumstances which threaten the occupational safety of work person underground. Such as:-

Impact of mining undergroundHeatPoor LightStrata ControlOxygen DepletionObnoxious & Inflamable gas NoiseDustHumidity

Mines Sample Mines Sample Laboratory to draw Laboratory to draw samples and samples and ensure mining ensure mining environments environments inconformity with inconformity with threshhold limitsthreshhold limits

Faithful Faithful implementation of implementation of mining regulations,mining regulations,

Use of personal Use of personal protective protective equipmentsequipments

And monitoring of And monitoring of mining mining environment environment through collection through collection periodical samplesperiodical samples


CONSOLIDATCONSOLIDATED ACTION ED ACTION

PLANPLAN

Impact of underground mining on surface

SubsidenceSolid wastes

dumpseffluents

Mineral / coal dumps with spontaneous heating characteristics

Mines Sample Mines Sample Laboratory to Laboratory to draw samples draw samples and ensure and ensure mining mining environments environments inconformity inconformity with threshold with threshold limitslimits

Faithful Faithful implementation implementation of mining of mining regulations,regulations,


And monitoring And monitoring of mining of mining environment environment through through collection collection periodical periodical samplessamples


CONSOLIDATCONSOLIDATED ACTION ED ACTION

PLANPLAN

These operations These operations are linked with are linked with crushing units & crushing units & cement plants. The cement plants. The emission of dust emission of dust vibration and rock vibration and rock slipping are the slipping are the major areas to be major areas to be addressed besides addressed besides

eye-sore.eye-sore.





Surface MiningQUARRYING



The mine effluents passing down stream as such or without any treatment are adding chemical, biological pollutants which make the drinking water unfit for human consumption.

Mines Sample Mines Sample Laboratory to Laboratory to draw samples draw samples and ensure and ensure mining mining environments environments inconformity with inconformity with threshold limitsthreshold limits



And monitoring of And monitoring of mining mining environment environment through collection through collection periodical periodical samplessamples

Mine Effluents



They create eye They create eye sore as well as sore as well as high heaps with high heaps with steeper slopes can steeper slopes can cause unalarmed cause unalarmed sleeping. sleeping.





SOLID WASTES



The mining is The mining is perceived as un perceived as un controlled activity controlled activity and unfriendly to and unfriendly to ecology. ecology.

Geo Scientist Geo Scientist perceived mining as perceived mining as a control activity a control activity and can be brought and can be brought to environment to environment friendly levelsfriendly levels





PERCEPTION OF MINING BY ENVIRONMENTALISTS

• Limit noisy activities (including blasting) to the least noise-sensitive times of day (weekdays only between 7 a.m. and 10 p.m.).

• All equipment should have sound-control devices no less effective than those provided on the original equipment. Muffle and maintain all construction equipment used.

• Notify nearby residents in advance when blasting or other noisy activities are required.

• Whenever feasible, schedule different noisy activities (e.g., blasting and earthmoving) to occur at the same time, since additional sources of noise generally do not add a significant amount of noise. That is, less-frequent noisy activities would be less annoying than frequent less-noisy activities.

• To the extent feasible, route heavy truck and rail traffic supporting mining activities away from residences and other sensitive receptors.

ACOUSTICS (NOISE) MITIGATION MEASURES

AIR QUALITY MITIGATION MEASURES

• Mitigation measures to avoid or reduce air quality impacts from coal mining.

• Use dust abatement techniques on unpaved, un-vegetated surfaces to minimize airborne dust and during earthmoving activities, prior to clearing, before excavating, backfilling, compacting, or grading, and during blasting.

• Post and enforce speed limits to reduce airborne fugitive dust from vehicular traffic.

• Re-vegetate disturbed areas as soon as possible after disturbance. (This should include interim re-vegetation along road beds once heavy construction is completed and heavy mining equipment has been moved in.)

• Keep soil and coal refuse moist while loading into dump trucks.

• Keep soil and coal refuse loads below the freeboard of the truck.

• Minimize drop heights when loaders dump soil and coal refuse into trucks.

• Tighten gate seals on dump trucks. • Cover dump trucks before traveling on public roads. • Cover construction materials, stockpiled soils, and

stockpiled coal refuse if they are a source of fugitive dust.

• Train workers to handle construction materials and debris to reduce fugitive emissions.

• Employ water injection or rotoclones on all overburden drills.

• Use chutes, drapes, or other means to enclose conveyor transfer points, screens, and crushers; cover all conveyors.

• Install and use sprays of water for coal-handling and conveying equipment.

• Suppress and extinguish spoil and coal fires as soon as is reasonable and safely possible.

ENVIRONEMNTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

• Physical Environments• Water Resources• Land Resources • Biological Environments • Flora • Fauna • Socio-Economic Human Environments • Socio • Economic • EIA PROCEDURE • Sufficient Positive Impacts • Negative Impacts

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND EVALUATION

REHABILITATION / DEVELOPMENT PLAN

1. Recycling of Overburden/Cycling waste

2. Control of erosion and runoff.

3. Upbringing of natural habitats and ecosystem.

4. Observance of the NEQS.

5. Extensive Tree plantation.

Overall Assessment of Environmental Impacts

Sr Environmental Impacts

# Component Issue Positive Negative

1 PHYSICAL

Water- Channel water Quality

Identification and Assessment of Negative Impacts

Sr. No.

Environmental Negative ImpactIssue Impact

1 PHYSICAL

Water Flooding -1

Land Soil Erosion -1

Atmosphere/ Quarry Operation

DustNoise

-1-1

MITIGATION MEASURES AND IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES

Sr. No.

Negative Impact

Mitigation MeasuresImplementing

Agencies

1 Flooding

- Construction of dykes/ embankments on recovered land, drainage system.

- Increased forestry / cultivation.

Forest departmentThree Stars Cement (Pvt.) Ltd. (Pvt.) Ltd.

2 Soil Erosion

- Construction of dykes/ embankments on recovered land, drainage system.

- Increased forestry / cultivation.

Forest departmentThree Stars Cement (Pvt.) Ltd. (Pvt.) Ltd.

drawl of mine samples and mitigation measures for impact of mining on environment engr. muhammad...

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