dr. ron bates - what barn changes are needed to support group sow housing?
TRANSCRIPT
SOW HOUSING SEMINAR2013 PORK ACADEMY
1
Donald G Levis, Ph.D Harold Gonyou, Ph.D. Ronald O. Bates, Ph.D.
Levis Worldwide Swine Consultancy
Prairie Swine Centre(retired)
Michigan State Univ.
Lincoln, NE 68526-9486 Saskatoon, SK, Canada E. Lansing, MI
Email:[email protected]
Email: [email protected]
Email:[email protected]
Sow Flow – Short Stalls
Day Weeks Spaces/wk Spaces
Weaning 0 Breeding6 120 stalls 720
To gestation 39 Gestation11 11 pens 121Recovery11 1 pens 11
To farrowing 113 Farrowing4 108 crates 432
Weaning 140
2
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
3
36" feed alley
36" feed alley
36" a
lley
36" feed alley
36" feed alley
36" feed alley
7’
2’
7’
7’
7’
7’
7’
7’3’
2’
2’
2’
7’
3’
3’
3’
3’
39
.5’
39
.5’
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
Considerations to Address
• Number of sows per pen?
a. 10 per pen
b. 20 per peni. Why?
• Square-footage
a. 18 sq ft
b. 20 sq fta. Why not more?
• Relief Space ~ 5%
• Static Groups4
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
Review of barn in question
• 1192 G-stalls – partial slats– 24 in stalls
• 8 rows of 149 gestation stalls
• 4 cross rows– 29 stalls between cross rows
• Work with the present feed system
• Keep the same isles for sow movement
5
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
Review of barn in question
Within a double row
• 5 blocks of stalls
• 4 blocks of 58 stalls– 29 stalls per side
• 1 block 66 stalls (one end) – 33 stalls per side
6
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
7
36" feed alley
36" feed alley
36" a
lley
36" feed alley
36" feed alley
36" feed alley
7’
2’
7’
7’
7’
7’
7’
7’3’
2’
2’
2’
7’
3’
3’
3’
3’
39
.5’
39
.5’
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
Within two rows
• 4 blocks with 928 sq ft– 492 sq ft (58 linear ft per side)
• 1 block with 1056 sq ft– 528 sq ft
• Feeding stalls of outside of pen– 2 ft space
• Create space for a gate8
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
9
36" feed alley
36" feed alley
36" a
lley
36" feed alley
36" feed alley
36" feed alley
7’
2’
7’
7’
7’
7’
7’
7’3’
2’
2’
2’
7’
3’
3’
3’
3’
39
.5’
39
.5’
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
10
BEFORE
AFTER
BEFORE
AFTER
Courtesy of AP
11
5’ 5’
Relief Pens
Within each block are 4 pens of 10 sows per pen (20 sq ft/sow) and 4 relief pens
10 sows
10 sows
10 sows
10 sows 10 sows
10 sows
10 sows
10 sows
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
12
Within block are 4 pens, 10 sows per pen (18 sq ft) and 6 relief pens
4’8”
Relief Pens
10 sows10 sows
10 sows
10 sows
10 sows 10 sows 10 sows
10 sows
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
13
Within each block are two pens of 10, two of 11 (~20 sq ft/sow) and 4 Relief Pens
Relief Pens
4’
10 sows
10 sows
10 sows
10 sows
11 sows
11 sows
11 sows
11 sows
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
24’ 26’
Set relief pens at 4’x8’
14
Within each block is one pen of 20 and one of 22 (~20 sq ft/sow) and 4 Relief Pens
Relief Pens
4’
20 sows 20 sows22 sows 22 sows
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
15
Set relief pens at 4’ x 8 ‘
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
4’
Relief Pens
Within each block are two pens of 11, two of 12 (~17.6 sq ft/sow) and 4 Relief Pens
11 sows
11 sows
11 sows
11 sows
12 sows
12 sows 12 sows
12 sows
24’ 26’
8’
16
4’
Relief Pens
Within each block is one pen of 22 and one of 24 (~17.6 sq ft/sow) and 4 Relief Pens
22 sows 22 sows24 sows 24 sows
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
66 stall block at end • 33 stalls per side
18 sq ft/sow• Divider across slats - 4 pens of 10 and two pens of 9 sows
• 2 pens of 10 sows and 1 of 9 per row
• No divider – 2 pens of 20 and one pen of 18
• No relief pen
20 sq ft/sow• Divider across slats – 4 pens of 10 and two pens of 7 sows
• 2 pens of 10 and 1 of seven sows per row
• No divider – 2 pens of 20 sows and one of 14 sows
17
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
Sq ft/sow 18 20 18 20
# Relief pens/row-block
2 2 1 1
#relief pens/row 8 8 4 4
# sow pens per row
11 11 11 11
#sows/ row 137 119 141 123
% relief 5.8% 6.7% 2.8% 3.3%
G. Sows in Barn 1096 952 1128 984
# sows short 96 240 64 208
18
Sow Per Pen ~10
19
Set relief pens at 4’ x 8 ‘
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
4’
Relief Pens
Within each block are two pens of 11, two of 12 (~17.6 sq ft/sow) and 4 Relief Pens
11 sows
11 sows
11 sows
11 sows
12 sows
12 sows 12 sows
12 sows
24’ 26’
8’
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
Sq ft/sow 18 20 18 20
# Relief pens/row-block
2 2 1 1
#relief pens/row 8 8 4 4
# sow pens per row
11 11 11 11
#sows/ row 137 119 141 123
% relief 5.8% 6.7% 2.8% 3.3%
G. Sows in Barn 1096 952 1128 984
# sows short 96 240 64 208
20
Sow Per Pen ~10
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
What if sows were moved to pens a week earlier?
If sows were moved 32 days post weaning (20-28 days post breeding)
• Need 120 less breed stalls
• Convert 120 breed stalls to pens @ ~18 sq ft/sow– Should be able to maintain the sow inventory, including relief
• Covert breed stalls to pens @ ~ 20 sq ft/sow– Within 100 sows of maintaining the inventory, including relief
21
22
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
Courtesy of Big Dutchman USA
An example of a remodel
23
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
An example of new construction
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
24 inch G-Stalls 22 inch G-Stalls
24
10
8 8
7
6
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
16 18 20 22 24
Nu
mb
er
of
sow
s p
er
10
sta
lls 9
8
7
6 6
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
16 18 20 22 24Floor Space Allocation per Sow Floor Space Allocation per Sow
Converting to Non-gated Stalls
Summary
• No short-cut or standard way to re-configure an existing barn
• The example completed tried to provide adequate space per sow and maintain as much of the sow the inventory as possible
• More space per animal may be a better long-term choiceManager will have to be more conscious to manage for both productivity and welfare compared to stalls
• The example completed, demonstrated that for this building, the sow inventory could be maintained with ~ 18 sq ft (17.6) per sow and ~ 3% relief space. Is this the best?
25
Conclusion
When retrofitting stalled barns to group sow housing, there is no single approach
The farm decision process should be logical and consider the welfare and care needs of the sow, the physical limitations of the facility in question and address the production needs of the farm
The final decision must be one that meets the needs and objectives of the farm, be managed by the people responsible for optimum sow care and is financially feasible
26
Conclusion
Factsheets and the accompanying webinars for the Group Sow Housing project can be found at:
www.pork.org/sowhousing
27