dr. michael d. fridley smoke is to fire as steam is to... oacte, april 12, 2013
TRANSCRIPT
Dr. Michael D. Fridley
Smoke is to Fire as STEAM is to . . . ?
OACTE, April 12, 2013
Science
Technology
Engineering
Mathematics
Sputnik
I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth.
President John F. KennedyMay 25, 1961
Sputnik
But if I were to say, my fellow citizens, that we shall send to the moon, 240,000 miles away from the control station in Houston, a giant rocket more than 300 feet tall, the length of this football field, made of new metal alloys, some of which have not yet been invented.
President John F. KennedySeptember 12, 1962
We are currently preparing students for jobs that don’t yet exist, using technologies that haven’t been invented, in order to solve problems we don’t even know are problems yet.
Richard RileySecretary of Education under President Clinton
(quoted by Karl Fisch, Did You Know/Shift Happens 2010 video)
STEM Focus
• 1892• The Committee of Ten at Harvard• A response to the gaps in the
agrarian school system of the 1800s• Described the attributes of a good
industrial school system that would raise the standards of excellence for modern students
Architecture is "frozen music"… Really there is something in this; the tone of mind produced by architecture approaches the effect of music.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Filippo Brunelleschi, 1377-1446Portrait in a painting by Massachio
May not music be described as mathematics of the sense, mathematics as music of the reason?
James Joseph Sylvester19th century English mathematician
Music is a secret arithmetical exercise and the person who indulges in it does not realize that he is manipulating numbers.
Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz17th century German mathematician and
philosopher who developed the infinitesimal calculus independently of Isaac Newton and
designed a “calculating machine”
The Term “STEM”
• The National Science Foundation• SMET• Dr. Judith Ramaley– Assistant Director of Education and
Human Resources, 2001-2004
• Learning in the context of real-world problems
Why STEM?
• Economic competition
• Workforce competition
• Innovation competition
• Education competition
No Explicit Integration
• Content areas taught separately• Connections may be made between
disciplines
Science Technology
Engineering Mathematics
Combining Two or More Content Areas
• Using enrichment activities• One content area is in service to the
other(s)
Science
Technology
Engineering
Mathematics
Curriculum Shares Content from All Four Disciplines
• Content areas overlap, but still separate
• Often involving problem-solving projects
T
S M
E
One Subject is Central
• All other content areas serve the central one
Science Technology
Engineering
Mathematics
According tothe National Science Foundation:
• The great scientific and technological breakthroughs are expected at the intersection of the disciplines.
Curriculum Supports Understanding in Two or More
Content Areas• Combined curriculum• Standards are met in all content
areas
Scienceand
Technology
Engineeringand
Mathematics
Fully Integrated STEM
• The whole is greater than the sum of its parts
Science
Technology
Engineering
Mathematics
STEM is a way of thinking that:
• Focuses on integrating STEM habits
• Uses Interdisciplinary Facilitation & Assessment
• Is a dynamic approach to learning
• Emphasizes problem solving & critical thinking
• Supports STEM Career readiness
STEM is not a thing, it is an attitude of systematically applying Science, Technology & Math to the real world of engineering, design and problem-solving.
Dr. Randall PetersonPrincipal, Eastview High School
STEM education is not:
• Extra science & math classes
• Strictly structured curriculum
• Simply using technology in “non-STEM” courses
• Only for Talented and Gifted Students
Questions to Ask
• Is there an agreed-upon definition of STEM education for the stakeholders?
• Is there an agreed-upon goal for STEM in your context?
• Are any of the four STEM disciplines integrated in instruction or the curriculum?
What’s Right for You?• Coordination– Teaching similar topics at the same
time
• Collaboration– Theme teaching– Discipline based
• Integration– Submersion in a topic with all
disciplines recognized equallyAll methods may be appropriate at various times
STEM education should …
• Integrate STEM disciplines• Include authentic experiences• Apply technologies• Offer multiple pathways for learning• Provide deeper learning through critical thinking, problem solving, creativity and innovation
Based on Research & Current Thinking
STEM Schools
• No agreed-upon definition
• More intensive approach to a traditional curriculum
• Emphasize project-based learning and integrating ideas across disciplines
• Focus on a particular occupational theme
However . . .
Some schools may add the label without making real changes
Barbara MeansResearcher at SRI International
You get this vast hue and cry for STEM, which is a good thing, but then you have to enact something. A lot of my friends are using the term 'random acts of STEM,' which is a lot of what happens.
Thomas T. PetersExecutive Director of South Carolina's Coalition for Mathematics and Science
All music is folk music. I ain't never heard a horse sing a song.
Big Bill BroonzyAmerican folk and blues singer
Me Too-ism
• Whole schools are now marketing themselves as STEM institutes, magnets, charters, and academies to attract students and cash in on grant funding that comes with the brand.
More Me Too-ism
• Every high school in the District had adopted an extra math course.
• The school hadn't bothered to change the curriculum or teaching styles at all. But henceforth, they would call themselves a STEM school.
• STEM = CTE
Some Antidotes to Me Too-ism
• CTE programs offer an important instructional approach that strengthens students’ understanding of STEM content and helps attract more individuals into STEM career pathways. (ACTE)
• At the heart of any STEM program should be courses in which students create products, not just take tests.
More Antidotes to Me Too-ism
• STEM education is equated with innovation.
• Incorporate a creativity rubric into your project.
The creative scientist needs an artistic imagination.
Max Planck1918 Nobel Prize winner in Physics and
accomplished pianist
TEAMS
• Dr. Judith Ramaley
• Advocates for the inclusion of the arts within STEM learning
Acronyms I Have Seen
• STEM• TEAMS• STEAM• ArtSTEM• STEMArts• STEM-A• iSTEMarts
• STREAM• STEAMIE• STEMx• STE[+a]M• oSTEM• STEMM• T-STEM
• STEMIE• ST2REAM• CS-STEM• SEED
(Social, Economic, and Environmental
Design)
STEAM
Joint Interim Task Force on STEM Access and Success (HB
4056) Report, 12/6/12
• The Task Force also recognizes the critical supporting role played by the arts in developing innovative technologies that capture the imagination of students and consumers alike.
Joint Interim Task Force on STEM Access and Success (HB
4056) Report, 12/6/12
• The Task Force advocates for the role of art education in developing competent STEM graduates.
Joint Interim Task Force on STEM Access and Success (HB
4056) Report, 12/6/12
• STEM is not just about academic learning; it’s about applying technical knowledge in a creative way to solve problems.
Joint Interim Task Force on STEM Access and Success (HB
4056) Report, 12/6/12
• The Task Force acknowledges the critical role played by the arts in developing a well-rounded and competitive STEM workforce.
Scientific Method
Artistic Process
Creative Process
Engineering Design Process
Common Processes
• Background• Observe• Identify a need or problem (Develop an
idea)• Research• Propose a hypothesis/solution• Test/create/build• Evaluate and refine• Communicate
Leonardo da Vinci, 1452-1519Self-portrait
Why STEAM?
• Arts education is a key to creativity
• Creativity is an essential component of, and spurs, innovation
• Innovation is agreed to be necessary to create new industries in the future
• New industries, with their jobs, are the basis of our future economic wellbeing
Without the arts, STEM is just a four-letter word.
When Winston Churchill was asked to cut arts funding for the war effort, he asked: “Then what are we fighting for?”
We simply cannot compete in the new economy unless we do something now about creativity and innovation.
Harvey WhiteCo-founder of both Qualcomm Inc. and Leap
Wireless International Inc., he coined the acronym STEAM
The MP3 player wasn't a new thing when the iPod came out, nor was the iPhone the first smart phone. But they were the ones that made you give a damn.
John MaedaPresident of the Rhode Island School of
Design
I see us as being in the art business – art, entertainment and mobile sculpture, which, coincidentally, also happens to provide transportation.
Robert A. LutzGeneral Motors Vice Chairman
From model T Ford to the latest concept car, we see the evolution of technology is as much about aesthetics of the product as its functionality.
National Science Teachers Association
Why STEAM?
• The brain connection
• The education connection
• The economic/workforce connection
• The creativity/innovation connection
• Other connections–Why limit the possibilities?
The Brain Connection
• Research shows that visual perception and brain wiring are somehow linked
• The arts combine the three major tools that the mind uses to acquire, store, and communicate knowledge–Motor skills– Perceptual representation– Language
In terms of brain imaging, studies have shown listening to music lights up, or activates, more of the brain than any other stimulus we know.
Istvan Molnar-SzakacsNeuroscientist at the University of California,
Los Angeles (And that’s just listening!)
The Education Connection
• Arts are important to other countries
• The arts are a way of knowing, a way of thinking, and a way of working
• Arts and crafts training enhances scientific ability
• STEAM may be a way to keep kids in school
I believe that arts will play an important role. It is even more important to have an integration in arts and science so people will have the creative and independent thinking.
Wu QidiChina’s Vice Minister of Education
We have a creative problem in this country.
Nirmala SankaranCEO of HeyMath, an Indian-based education
company
I cannot imagine MIT without its visual and performing arts component.
Dr. Charles VestPresident, National Academy of Engineering
Learning, real learning, is fun.
Pete SeegerAmerican folk singer
The Economic/Workforce Connection
• Only 30% of new jobs in the U. S. between 1998 and 2004 were routine, algorithmic; 70% involve complex, heuristic tasks
• Fine motor control and simple manipulative skills taken for granted 50 years ago are today increasingly absent
• Creativity is the No. 1 “leadership competency” of the future
The game is changing. It isn’t just about math and science anymore. It’s about creativity, imagination, and, above all, innovation.
Business Week Special Report
The Creativity/Innovation Connection
• Noncreative thinking is learned
• Creativity scores on other measures have inched downward worldwide
• The correlation to lifetime creative accomplishment was more than three times stronger for childhood creativity than childhood IQ
So the idea is to not only give kids the tools to build the things that they can imagine, but to also imagine the world that they can build.
Nirvan MullickFilmmaker (Caine’s Arcade) and founder of
The Imagination Foundation
Other Connections
• Nobel laureates in the sciences are seventeen times likelier than the average scientist to be a painter, twelve times as likely to be a poet, and four times as likely to be a musician.
• Physicians who have musical training are much better able to diagnose patients using chest and abdominal percussion and stethoscopy
What Do They Have in Common?
• Thomas Edison
• Steve Jobs
• Bill Gates
They are all DROPOUTS!
You cannot solve a problem from the same consciousness that created it. You must learn to see the world anew.
Albert EinsteinTheoretical physicist, 1921 Nobel Prize in
Physics
Why limit the possibilities?
• Dr. Temple Grandin
• Nikola Tesla
• Etching, silk screen printing, and photolithography
• Pace makers and stents
The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition, and music is the driving force behind this intuition. My parents had me study the violin from the time I was 6. My new discovery is the result of musical perception.
Albert EinsteinTheoretical physicist, 1921 Nobel Prize in
Physics
The First Digital Image!
(ca. 1810)
Joseph-Marie Charles Jacquard’s self-portrait in black and silver thread was coded by 10,000 punch cards
Hedy LamarrActress and co-inventor of Frequency-
Hopping Spread Spectrum
Dr. Alexis CarrelFrench surgeon, 1912 Nobel
Prize in Physiology or Medicine
The Starry Night, Vincent Van Gough
Leonardo da VinciStudy for an angel’s face from The Virgin of the Rocks
Albert Einstein, eminent physicist
For a copy of the famous photo of Albert Einstein playfully sticking his tongue out at a photographer, and guidelines for its use, go to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Einstein_tongue.jpg.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IEqccPhsqgA&feature=player_embeddedRunning horse
http://vimeo.com/1675008Boxing – at 0:12
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nWX4O7K5pyA&feature=player_embeddedPBS video, Seeing Beyond the Human Eye
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RDDfkKEa2lsUpward lightening – beginning to 0:40
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6MUYsIjTKvkLightening with leader in slow motion at 0:55-2:00
http://cainesarcade.com/The original film and Part 2 (with quotes)
Bills to Watch
• HB 2636 – STEM Investment Council
• HB 3232 – Strategic Investments in Education
• HB 3272 – STEM Loan Forgiveness Program
OregonSTEM is dedicated to creating access to the most entertaining, engaging, and inspirational Science, Technology, Engineering and Math activities and lessons available.And, they are presenting the very first Oregon STEM Festival!
http://www.oregonstemfestival.org/
