dr majid al-homiedan head er/trauma radiology division ...ksumsc.com/download_center/3rd/females/1st...
TRANSCRIPT
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Dr Majid Al-Homiedan
Head ER/Trauma Radiology division
Cardiothoracic and abdominal subspecialty consultant
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I. Technique
Learn the difference between PA vs. AP CXR
Learn the utility of a lateral decubitus CXR
Understand the terms inspiration, penetration, and rotation as they apply to determining a technically adequate film
II. Anatomy
Learn the basic anatomy of the fissures of the lungs, heart borders, bronchi, and vasculature that can be seen on a chest x-ray
III. Interpretation
Develop a consistent and thorough technique for reading images
Learn how the silhouette sign can help localize pathology
IV. Pathology
Objectives
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PositioningPA
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Positioning lateral
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Always read together
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positioning
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PositioningPA vs AP
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PositioningPA vs AP
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PositioningPA vs AP
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PositioningLateral decubitus
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Technically adequateinspiration
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Technically adequateinspiration
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Technically adequatePenetration
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Technically adequatePenetration
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Technically adequatePenetration
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Technically adequateRotation
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Technically adequateRotation
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Technically adequateRotation
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AnatomyLobes and Fissures
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AnatomyLobes and Fissures
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AnatomyLobes and Fissures
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AnatomyLobes and Fissures
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AnatomyMediastinum and Lungs
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Anatomy
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Anatomy Bronchi
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Pulmonary vasculature
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Turn off stray lights, optimize room lighting, view images in order
Patient Data (name history #, age, sex, old films)
Routine Technique: AP/PA, exposure, rotation, supine or erect
Trachea: midline or deviated, caliber, mass
Lungs: abnormal shadowing or lucency
Pulmonary vessels: artery or vein enlargement
Hila: masses, lymphadenopathy
Heart: thorax: heart width > 2:1 ? Cardiac configuration?
Mediastinal contour: width? mass?
Pleura: effusion, thickening, calcification
Bones: lesions or fractures
Soft tissues: don’t miss a mastectomy
ICU Films: identify tubes first and look for pneumothorax
How to read a Chest X-Ray
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Your eye gaze should scan all portions of the film, follow lung/mediastinal interfaces and look again carefully in areas where you know that mistakes are easily made, such as over the spine on the lateral view and in the apex on the PA view.
Looking for abnormalities
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Looking for abnormalities
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Looking for abnormalities
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Looking for abnormalities
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Silhouette sign
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Air Bronchogram
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Solitary pulmonary nodule
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Cont.
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PathologyAtelectasis
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PathologyAtelectasis
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left lower lobe atelectasis followed by partial resolution
PathologyAtelectasis
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Note the elevation of the left hemidiaphragm
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PathologyAtelectasis
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PathologyAtelectasis
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PathologyAtelectasis
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Mucus Plug
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Pulmonary edema
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Pulmonary edema
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Kerley B lines
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Pneumonia
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Atelectasis Pneumonia
Volume Loss
Associated Ipsilateral Shift
Linear, Wedge-Shaped
Apex at Hilum
Normal or Increased Volume
No Shift, or if Present Then
Contralateral
Consolidation, Air Space Process
Not Centered at Hilum
Air bronchograms can occur in both.
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Pulmonary hemorrhage
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Pulmonary embolism
What is the most common chest X-ray finding in PE?
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Pulmonary embolism
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Pleural effusion
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Pneumothorax
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PTX deep sulcus sign
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hydropneumothorax
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Emphysema
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Rib Fracture
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Flail Chest
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Anterior Mediastinal Mass
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Pneumomediastinum
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Hiatal Hernia
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THANK YOU…..