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Dr. Hanem El-Sheikhhonymora@yahoo.com

Introduction to Cloud ComputingThis template can be used as a starter file for presenting training materials in a group setting.

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From ground to cloudThe Back StoryTo understand how we got into the cloud, you need to understand a little about computer storage.3

Content is stored on THAT computerTo use content must return to THAT computerCannot access this content from another device or computerInternal Storage

Purchase programs.Load to the computer.Each computer would need the program loaded and stored on the internal drive .

Programs

External Storage

External Hard DriveCD/DVDThumb DriveSD CardMicro SD CardAllows your content to become mobile.Save to the storage device.Take device to any compatible computer.Open and use content.In addition to internal storage we have external storage. This comes in many shapes and sizes as you can see from the examples on this slide.8Multiple work stations talk to one unit that stores information and data.Data is not saved to the C: drive, but to a network drive.Can retrieve the data stored to the network from any of the connected workstations.Networked Storage

We also use networked storage which is more commonly found in businesses and organizations.Still internal to the organization9The Traditional Server Concept

Web ServerWindowsIISApp ServerLinuxGlassfishDB ServerLinuxMySQLEMailWindowsExchangeThe Traditional Server ConceptSystem Administrators often talk about servers as a whole unit that includes the hardware, the OS, the storage, and the applications.Servers are often referred to by their function i.e. the Exchange server, the SQL server, the File server, etc.If the File server fills up, or the Exchange server becomes overtaxed, then the System Administrators must add in a new server.The Traditional Server ConceptUnless there are multiple servers, if a service experiences a hardware failure, then the service is down.System Admins. can implement clusters of servers to make them more fault tolerant. However, even clusters have limits on their scalability, and not all applications work in a clustered environment.And if something goes wrong ...

Web ServerWindowsIISApp ServerDOWN!DB ServerLinuxMySQLEMailWindowsExchangeThe Virtual Server Concept

Hypervisor layer between Guest OS and hardware Virtual servers seek to encapsulate the server software away from the hardware.-This includes the OS, the applications, and the storage for that server.Virtualization:The ability to run multiple operating systems on a single physical system and share the underlying hardware resources.VirtualizationVirtual workspaces: An abstraction of an execution environment that can be made dynamically available to authorized clients by using well-defined protocols, Resource quota (e.g. CPU, memory share),Software configuration (e.g. O/S, provided services). Implement on Virtual Machines (VMs): Abstraction of a physical host machine,Hypervisor intercepts and emulates instructions from VMs, and allows management of VMs,VMWare, Xen, etc.Provide infrastructure API:Plug-ins to hardware/support structuresHardwareOSAppAppAppHypervisorOSOSVirtualized Stack

Hypervisor - Software that controls the layer between the hardware operating systems. It allows multiple operating systems to run on the same physical hardware. There are two types of hypervisors: Bare metal: which allows the hypervisor to run directly on the hardware.hosted architecture: in which the hypervisor runs on top of an existing operating system.The Virtual Server ConceptVirtual servers seek to encapsulate the server software away from the hardware.-This includes the OS, the applications, and the storage for that server.

Virtual servers can still be referred to by their function i.e. email server, database server, etc.

A computer on which a hypervisor is running one or more virtual machines is defined as a host machine.

A hypervisor is a piece of computer software, firmware or hardware that creates and runs virtual machines.

Each virtual machine has a guest operating systems, which is managed by the hypervisor.

If the environment is built correctly, virtual servers will not be affected by the loss of a host.

Hosts may be removed and introduced almost at will to accommodate maintenance.

Welcome to the New World ofCloud Computing

20Cloud ComputingCloud Computing : The migration of computing services provided by on-premises datacenters to remote systems located on the Internet.The customer is charged only for resources consumed (pay as used and on demand).It is an internet based service delivery model which provides internet based services, computing and storage for users in all markets including financial, health care and government. Cloud computing is defined as dynamically scalable computing resources that are available over the Internet.Clients can:Put their data on the platform instead of on their own desktop PCs and/or on their own servers.They can put their applications on the cloud and use the servers within the cloud to do processing and data manipulations etc.An Internet connectionAn account - Created with a user name and a passwordAgree to TermsThe Cloud Requires

The typical cloud software requires an account.You are asked to fill out a form like the example here for Google Mail.You also have to agree to the Terms of Service.Raise your hand on the dashboard if you have checked agree to Terms of Service without reading.Thanks for being honest. I highly recommend you go back and read thoseyou may learn some interesting things. The Privacy policies are also very revealingcheck them out.22So what is the cloud?

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Computing and software resources that are delivered on demand, as service.(2013, January) A Walk in the Clouds. Cloud Computing, CDW-G Reference Guide., 3-5.An Internet connection is necessary for cloud computingThe cloud is actually a bunch of computer servers that store and transmit dataThese servers are very large and can hold massive amounts of dataThe servers can be housed anywhere in the worldA user accesses the data through a log-in23When you do a save as on your computer, you choose where to save the material.Saving documents

Internal StorageExternal StorageNetwork

Create an Account User name and passwordContent lives with the account in the cloud.Log onto any computer with Wi-Fi to find your content.Cloud Storage

Each brand of cloud storage offers different levels of service. You can find your content and read it from any device with an Internet connection, but you may not be able to edit it from any computer.25Download a cloud based app to a computer you ownThe app lives on your ComputerSave files to the appWhen connected to the Internet it will sync with the cloudThe Cloud can be accessed from any Internet connectionDownloads for storage

Some of these services offer an app download that adds a storage folder to your computer. Some services require that you download the app.26Do save as to save a file to your computer and the cloudThe syncing folders makes data retrieval easierBox and DropBox require this download to workSave file as

If you have downloaded apps you will see the folders associated with the application when you do a save as on your computer.

If I go to a Public Computing Center in library. Logon to a computer and open an Internet browser, I can go to Box.com or dropbox.com and sign into my account. I can open and view all my files, but I cant make changes to the file.27Log-in to the online storage accountClick upload a fileFind the file on hard drive, network, or external storageUpload to cloud storage

Upload Documents

5 GB5 GB2 GB7 GBI am curious to know how many people in attendance are using one of the types of cloud storage. I will launch a poll to get your input. I am also wondering what you like about the cloud storage service you use. Please type this response into the chat box.28Creation is happening in the cloudSaving is going to the cloudTo retrieve files, must return to the cloudInternet is required

Internet capable DevicesSaving Large FilesMultiple file types Photos, videos, presentations, docsBack-up of stored filesFile SharingAccess from devicesNothing to forget (thumb drive, cd) Project collaboration

Benefits

Cloud Computing ContClouds were built for a number of reasons:Shared Computing.Shared memory. Shared Storage and access resources.

Cloud Providers deploy multi-tenancy to achieve efficient utilization of resources , while decreasing cost.

From a consumers perspective, they need to use resources as much and as far as needed while being able to increase or decrease resources consumption based on real time basis.

Cloud Computing model meets these demands and restrictions by delivering two key characteristics:Multi-tenancyElasticity

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Cloud Multi-tenancy ModelMulti-tenancy implies sharing of computational resources, storage, services, and applications with other tenants, residing on same physical or logical platform at provider premises.

Elasticity

NIST :National Institute of Standards and Technology The role of (NIST) in cloud computing is to promote the effective and secure use of the technology within government and industry by providing technical guidance and promoting standards. NIST provides NIST's definition of cloud computing as well as related guidance. This definition will serve as a foundation for NIST's upcoming publication on cloud models, architectures, and deployment strategies. NIST is responsible for accelerating the U.S. Federal Governments secure adoption of cloud computing.In order to execute this responsibility, NIST is leading a number of efforts to develop cloud standards and guidelines, in close consultation and collaboration with standards bodies, the private sector, and other stakeholders.35The NIST definition of cloud computing (SP 800-145, September 2011)Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. This cloud model promotes availability and is defined in terms of 5 essential characteristics.3 service models. 3) 4 deployment models. The Essential Cloud Characteristics are: Five On-demand self-service Broad network access Resource pooling -Location independence Rapid elasticity Measured service

The Cloud Service Models are: ThreeSoftware as a Service (SaaS) Use providers applications over a network Platform as a Service (PaaS) Deploy customer-created applications to a cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Rent processing, storage, network capacity, and other fundamental computing resources The Cloud Deployment Models are: Four Private cloud: enterprise owned or leased Community cloud: shared infrastructure for specific community Public cloud: sold to the public, mega-scale infrastructure Hybrid cloud: composition of two or more cloud types

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5 Essential Characteristics: On-demand self-service: A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with each service provider. Broad network access: Capabilities are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, tablets, laptops, and workstations). Resource pooling: The providers computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand. There is a sense of location independence in that the customer generally has no control or knowledge over the exact location of the provided resources but may be able to specify location at a higher level of abstraction (e.g., country, state, or datacenter). Examples of resources include storage, processing, memory, and network bandwidth. Rapid elasticity: Capabilities can be elastically provisioned and released, in some cases automatically, to scale rapidly outward and inward commensurate with demand. To the consumer, the capabilities available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can be appropriated in any quantity at any time. Measured service: Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage, processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts). Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported, providing transparency for both the provider and consumer of the utilized service. Cloud Service Models 41Software as a Service (SaaS)Platform as a Service (PaaS)Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Google App Engine

SalesForce CRMLotusLiveAdopted from: Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm by peter Mell, Tim Grance41

Delivery Models45

While cloud-based software services are maturing,Cloud platform and infrastructure offering are still in their early stages !From [6] Cloud Security and Privacy by Mather and Kumaraswamy

The Cloud Deployment Models Sme :small and mediam size enterprise51Current LeadersKey Players in Cloud Computing Platforms (adapted from Lakshmanan (2009))CompanyCloud Computing PlatformYear of LaunchKey OfferingAmazon.comAWS (Amazon Web Services)2006Infrastructure as a service (Storage Computing), Datasets and Content DistributionMicrosoftAzure2009Application platform as a service (.Net, SQL data services )GoogleGoogle App. Engine2008Web Application Platform as ServiceIBM Salesforce.comBlue Cloud Force.com2008Proprietary 4GL Web application as an demand platform

. 52Library Services using Cloud Google Apps.MendeleyDropboxYoutubeRemoteXsZimbaraFacebookWord365LibLime KohaCybrarian

MendeleyWorldcatResearch GateExLibrisGoogle ScholarLibrary ThingDropboxMicrosoft Engineering ExcellenceMicrosoft Confidential53Google Apps

Google Sites, Google Docs, Google Calendar, Google Chat54

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61Cloud Storage ComparisonStorage Service Comparison on a Annual BasisService ProviderFreeFirst Payment tierSecond Payment tierAmazon5GB20GB ($10)50GB ($25)Apple iCloud5GB25GB ($40)50GB ($100)Box5GB25GB ($120)50GB ($240)Dropbox2GB100GB ($100)200GB ($200)Google Drive5GB25GB ($30)100GB ($60)Microsoft SkyDrive7GB27GB ($10)57GB ($25)Mega50GB400GB ($120)2TB ($240)62Core AdvantagesCost saving: You pay for what you useEasy on installation and maintenanceIncreased storageHighly automatedFlexibilityBetter mobilityShared resourcesBack up and restoration63Can be less expensive compared to buying software and hardwareCan be used from any computer or device with an Internet connectionThe device does not need as large of an internal storage systemCompatible with most computers and operating systemsUpdates occur across the service

advantagesData security and privacyNetwork connectivity and bandwidthService unavailability due to power outageDependence on outside agenciesLimited flexibilityCostKnowledge and integrationLong term stability of service providerDisadvantages Microsoft Engineering ExcellenceMicrosoft Confidential65

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