dr. g.u. ahsan, ph.d north south university

Dr. G. U Ahsan PhDChairmanDepartment of Public Health

Dr. G.U. Ahsan, Ph.DNorth South University


Public Health

Health: A state of complete physical, mental

and social well-being and not merely the absence

of disease or infirmity.

Public Health: Public Health is the Science

and Arts of prevention, preservation, promotion

and rehabilitation of health through organized

community effort (WHO, 2004).


Public Health Cont……

An alternative Definition of Derek

Wanless is : "the science and art of

preventing disease, prolonging life and

promoting health through theorganised efforts and informed

choicesof society, organisations, public

andprivate,Communities and

individuals.“(February 2004)


Public Health Cont……The other definition: Public health isdefined as the application of science toImprove health of populations orcommunities. A role of public health is topublic health is to assure that effectiveprevention and treatment interventionsare accessible to the entire populationand they are applied efficiently. (Web, 2007)


Scientific Tools of Public Health

Surveillance: Ongoing and systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of health data essential to planning, implementation and evaluation of population based interventions to improve health.

Epidemiology: Study of the distribution and determinants of health related events in specified populations and the application of this information to alleviate health problems.



Prevention Research: Identification of causes of illness and progression of disease and development of interventions to resist or block the onset or consequences of disease.

Outcomes Research: Study of results of medical and public health interventions including morbidity and mortality, functional status, quality of life, cost and resource use.



Primary Health Care (PHC):

Millennium Development Goal


Prevention

There are four levels of Prevention Primordial prevention of the emergence

or development of risk factors in countries or population groups in which they have not yet appeared.

Primary Prevention averts the occurrence of the disease before it starts.

Research on environmental and genetic causes.


Prevention Secondary Prevention reduces

consequences of disease by early detection and treatment.Research on biomarkers and screening testsNeuro protective treatments.

Tertiary Prevention attempts to minimize complications and severe disabling consequences of disease after t has progressed.

Access to quality care


Essential Public Health Services

Monitor health status to identify community health problems

Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community

Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues

Mobilize community partnerships to identify and

solve health problems

Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts


Essential Public Health Services Enforce laws and regulations that protect health

and ensure safety

Link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when otherwise unavailable

Assure a competent public health and personal health care workforce

Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based health services

Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems


Primary Health Care (PHC)

Primary Health Care was a new approach to health care that came into existence following an international conference in Alma Ata in 1978 organised by the World Health Organisation and the UNICEF. The Alma Ata conference defined primary health care as Primary health care is essential health care based on practical, scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology made universally accessible to individuals and

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alma_Ata

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organisation

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organisation

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNICEF



families in the community through their

full participation and at a cost that the

community and the country can afford to

maintain at every stage of theirdevelopment in the spirit of selfdetermination.


Primary Health Care (PHC)Declaration of Alma Ata (WHO 1978) and recent primary

Health Care: A Framework for Future Strategic

Directions (WHO 2003), we Define primary health care

as: Socially appropriate, universally accessible,

scientifically sound first level care provided by suitably

trained workforce supported by integrated referral

systems and in a way that gives priority to those most

need, maximizes community and individual



self-reliance and participation and involves

collaboration with other sectors. It includes

the following:

Health promotion

Illness prevention

Care of the sick

Advocacy

Community development.


Essential Components of Primary Health Care

Equitable distribution

Community participation

Intersectoral coordination

Appropriate technology

Health care as an industry


Essential Components of Primary Health Care

Format and definition

Contents of the prescription

Handling of the prescription

Legibility of prescriptions

Forgeries, thefts and prevention

dr. g.u. ahsan, ph.d north south university

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