1. Golden Rule PRRS ControlDale Polson

2. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementIf PRRSv really costs us $560,000,000 to $700,000,000per year, maybe its well worthit to us all to actively worktogether using all the weaponswe have available today tomanage it in a coordinated collaborative effort. 3. The Questions Why do PRRS-negative farms go positive? Why do PRRS-positive farms break again and again? 4. Why do negative farms go positive? 60% of PRRS-nave farms in this study gotinfected within 3 years 5. Why do positive farms breakagain & again? 6. The question in COMMON:Where do the other PRRS viruses that already exist and thatyou dont currently have (and dont want)come from? 7. The question UN-common:Where do the NEW (different) PRRS virus variants (that dont yet exist) come from? 8. PRRSv 9. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementNew PRRSv Variants: GrowingPigs? 10. Area/System-Level PRRS Management WT3 WT1WT2 WT99 11. Area/System-Level PRRS Management New PRRSv Variants:Farrowing? 12. Farm X Farm Y WT(x) ORF5 WT(y) ORF5sequencesequence heterology over heterology over9 months -vs-12 months -vs- WT(x) INDEXWT(y) INDEXvirus virus % ORF5 nucleotide heterology (vs WT-Index)WT- % ORF5 nucleotide heterology (vs WT-Index) WT- 13. PRRS is messy 14. and expensive. 15. So, we give upright? 16. Golden Rule PRRS Control: Collaborating on the support, implementation & execution of Area- Regional PRRS Control 17. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementBasis for the Area-Regional Control (ARC) of PRRSv 18. The Golden RuleDo unto your neighbor as you would have your neighbor do unto you. 19. The Golden Rule (applied to PRRS) Transmit unto your neighboras you would have your neighbor transmit unto you. 20. PRRS is something no one wants to getfrom their neighbor. no one wants to give totheir neighbor. 21. PRRS is also something those currently withoutit are at risk of getting. those currently with itare at risk of spreading. 22. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementARC: Background & Overview 23. TheStockdaleParadox:Confront thebrutal facts, Vice Admiral James Bond Stockdalebut nevergive up. 24. Area/System-Level PRRS Management Premise #1: Complementary and coordinatedmethods which, applied together,target reduction of wild-type virus circulation within and among sites, pigflows and networks are essential foreffective management of PRRS within and among areas/regions 25. Area/System-Level PRRS Management Premise #2: The most effective utilization ofthese methods requires a higherdegree of communication, cooperation, coordination, andcollaboration than is the normacross our industry 26. Area/System-Level PRRS Management Premise #3:The necessary broad acceptance andwidely-supported level of PRRS ARCwill not be achieved via traditionalexperimental research alone; but will require a body of evidence and track record of success via multiple proof-of-concept field-based pilot projects. 27. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementGoals Growing Pigs Improve pig performance (direct) Mortality, culls, gain, conversion, treatment cost Reduce wild-type virus load, genetic diversity & new variant emergence (indirect) Breeding Herds Reduce clinical episode (direct) Frequency (break interval, breaks per X years) Duration & magnitude (time-to-negative-pigs) Reduce wild-type virus load, genetic diversity & new variant emergence (indirect) 28. Area/System-Level PRRS Management Purpose Understand how PRRS moves & changes among herds within andamong areas/regions, as well as across flows/networks, in order todevelop & execute optimally effective coordinated, collaborative management plans. 29. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementObjectives To identify factors associated with the spread of PRRS virus in areas/regions as well as across flows/networks To determine the genetic variation of PRRS viruses within areas/regions and to compare these to neighboring areas / regions whose operational networks overlap / cross-over To recommend strategies that will reduce the spread of PRRS virus among farm sites/flows/networks and areas/regions and that may be used in a PRRS virus control (ultimately elimination) program 30. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementObjectives To improve communication within and between ARC Working Groups and allied supportive groups by sharing knowledge and resources To share knowledge and to avoid duplication of effort & resources through collaboration with industry partners and businesses To facilitate adoption of available technologies To develop a template for addressing other industry health issues To set up a feedback mechanism to evaluate and adjust the course of action 31. Area/System-Level PRRS Management ARC Projects should have a standardized, readily executed plan (to achieveacceptance, support & compliance) Activity outline & schedule Metrics & measurement Milestones & contingencies enable objective evaluation of potential new interventionmethods, thus fostering agreement on optimalintervention methods (best practices) generate relatively consistent & sustainable results be financially beneficial (meets/exceeds required B:C &ROI) 32. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementEffective area control requires a well designed plan & coordinated execution. 33. Area/System-Level PRRS Management 34. Area/System-Level PRRS Management A Swine PRRS Management ModelStart Positive(+ clinical) Negative (nave) achieve stability...achieve stability... new disease introduction undesired circulation StabilizeEliminatePrevent PRRS PRRSPositiveNave 35. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementEffective area controlrequires a full arsenalof weapons & peoplewho all commit tousing them right. 36. Area/System-Level PRRS Management 37. Area/System-Level PRRS Management PRRS Management Best Practices Protocols, Procedures & Compliance ARC Risk Assessment External introduction risks (i.e., biosecurity)Arsenal Internal circulation risks (e.g., flow & sanitation) Exposure Management At an operational level (Site Flow Network) At a proximity level (Neighborhood Area Region) Immune Management Target population, Timing & Tool(s) Replacements & Breeding Herd vs Growing Pigs Measurement & Data Management Case Definition, Terms & Site/Flow Categorization Standards Sampling, Testing, Interpretation & Classification Standards Data & Information Management Tools & Databases 38. Area/System-Level PRRS Management Weapon:Risk Assessment 39. Area/System-Level PRRS Management 0.710.66 0.410.33 20080.66 0.33 40. Area/System-Level PRRS Management A broader application Potential use in regional or national PRRSv elimination efforts Define geographical, and/or operational, boundaries for regional control (elimination) projects based on the risk profile of sites within and near the boundaries. Define standard practices or management changes based on risk profiles following successful eradication of individual sites. Identify specific risk factors that must be eliminated before single site or regional eradication efforts begin. 41. Area/System-Level PRRS Management Weapon: Immunization 42. Summary of qPCR data PRRS vaccination- heterologous challenge study in growing pigs. Percent Challenge Wild-Type PCR Positive qPCR Log Titer of Wild-Type PCR Positives 43. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementGrowing Pigs: PRRSv Monitoring 44. Area/System-Level PRRS Management 45. Area/System-Level PRRS Management 46. Area/System-Level PRRS Management Growing Pigs: Performance 47. Area/System-Level PRRS Management Percent Marketed (ofPROCESSXbar-R Chart of RATE by weaned) 1 20.96 Each data point = 8 weeks of closeouts U C L=0.9470__ 10.92 1 1X=0.9235 Sample M eanLC L=0.9001 10.880.841 1 110.80 1 4 710 13 16 19 22 25 28 31Sample 1st mktg project impacted pigs 11 20.161 1 Sample Range0.12U C L=0.09740.08_R=0.04860.04 0.00LC L=0 1 4 710 13 16 19 22 25 28 31Sample 48. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementNursery Average-Daily-by NURchg hd/da)Xbar-R Chart of NUR Gain (lb/1 211.0Each data point = 8 weeks of closeoutsNursery bubble depop effect Sample M ean0.9 _ C L=0.8912U_1 1 X=0.85591 1 11 11 1LC L=0.82060.80.71 11 11 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31Sample1st project impacted pigs1 210.3 Sample Range0.2 10.1U C L=0.0613_R=0.01880.0 1 LC L=01 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31Sample 49. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementFinisher Average-Daily-by FINchg hd/da) Xbar-R Chart of FIN Gain (lb/12 2.25Each data point = 8 weeks of closeoutsU C L=2.1939 1 2.10 Sample M ean__X=2.00081 1.95 1 1 1 1111 1.80 LC L=1.807811 1 1 1 114 7 10 13 16 1922 25 28 31 Sample 1st mktg project impacted pigs12U C L=0.341510.3Sample Range0.2 _R=0.1832 0.1 LC L=0.02490.014 7 10 13 16 1922 25 28 31 Sample 50. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementBreeding Herds: PRRSv Monitoring 51. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementArea B: estimated time- to-negative weaned pigs 52. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementARC:Learnings 53. Area/System-Level PRRS Management An area-level PRRSv management plan can be successful, given: Inclusion of all necessary elementstargeting Exposure & circulation management Immune management Appropriate monitoring & measurement Sampling-testing-characterization ofsystem PRRSvs Commited, coordinated, consistent &persistent execution 54. TheStockdaleParadox:Confront thebrutal facts, Vice Admiral James Bond Stockdalebut nevergive up. 55. Area/System-Level PRRS ManagementIf PRRSv really costs us $560,000,000 to $700,000,000per year, maybe its well worthit to us all to actively worktogether using all the weaponswe have available today tomanage it in a coordinated collaborative effort. 56. Thank youQuestions?