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Willis TowerChicago, Illinois, USA
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Architecture, Engineering and Construction
The Willis Tower is an international style designconsisting o square tubes in a 3 by 3 tube arrangement,with each tube having a ootprint o 75 by 75 t., inessence creating a unied bundle o nine tubes. TheWillis Tower was the rst building or which this type o
bundled-tubular construction was used. This designprovides stability against high winds and also allowsor uture upward growth i so desired by the owner.The 222,500-ton or 445 million pound building is
supported by 114 rock caissons secured into bedrock.The oundation and the oor slabs combine to equal 2million cubic eet o concrete. 76,000 tons opreabricated steel rame sections measuring 15 x 25t. were put in place. The Willis Tower has more than16,000 bronze-tinted windows and 28 acres o blackaluminum cladding or skin.As the building climbs upward, the tubes begin todrop o giving the Willis Tower its characteristic
setback or step-back. This geometry o the 110-storytower was developed in response to the originalinterior space requirements o Willis, Roebuck &
Company. The conguration incorporates unusually large ofce oors necessary to Woperation along with a variety o smaller oors.A revolutionary vertical transportation system instrumental in the Willis Tower reach in soaringnew heights never previously achieved. 16 Doudecker express elevators travel rom the rst oors to sky-lobbies located at oors 33/34 66/67, where passengers transer to single lo
elevators serving all other individual oors. Amongworlds astest the elevators servicing the observatravel at 1,600 t. per minute.
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Points of Interest
There are our sets o distinctive black bands wrapping
around the perimeter o the building which appearbetween the 29th-32nd, 64th-65th, 88th-89th, and 104th-109th oors. These black bands are actually louvers
which allow ventilation or service equipment and a
serve to hide the structures belt trusses which Willis, Roebuck & Company did not want to be vis
Location: .......................... 233 S. Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois, United StatesArchitect: .......................... Skidmore, Owings and Merrill LLP.Classication: ............... SupertallConstruction Type: .... Steel Frame and Curtain WallMaterials: ......................... Aluminum, Concrete, Glass and SteelYear: .................................... 1970-1974Height: ............................... 1,458 t. (442 m.)Footprint: ......................... 225 t. x 225 t . (68 m. x 68 m.)Pinnacle Type: .............. East Antenna 1,720 t. (521 m.), West Antenna 1,740 t. (527 m.)
Stories: .............................. 110Cost: ................................... $175 million (1970)Floor Area: ......................4,400,000 t2 (409,000 m2)Zoned: ..............................Commercial: Ofce, Communication, Retail & ObservationElevators. ......................... 104
Facts at a Glance
McShane-Fleming StudiosChicago, Illinois
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As an Architectural Artist my desire is to capture theessence o a particular landmark into its pure sculpturalorm, especially at this small scale. I rst and oremostdo not view my models as literal replicas, but rather myown artistic interpretations, harnessing the essence othese landmarks through the use o LEGO bricks asa medium. The LEGO brick is not initially thought o asa material typically used in creating art or used as anartists medium. I quickly discovered the LEGO brickwas lending itsel as naturally to my applications aspaint to a painter or metal to a blacksmith. As I explorehow to capture these buildings with the basic shapeso the bricks, I nd the possibilities and challengesthey oer almost magical.
Adam Reed Tucker
A Word rom the Artist
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LEGO Architecture, bringing two worlds together
The LEGO Group and Adam Reed Tucker are excited
to bring you this new line o distinctive landmarkbuilding sets. Our hope is that this will inspireminds o all ages whether youre young and eagerto learn or young at heart and simply intrigued bythese modern day marvels. The idea behind LEGOArchitecture is to celebrate the past, present anduture o architecture through the LEGO Brick. Throughproducts and events we wish to promote an awarenesso the ascinating worlds o Architecture, Engineeringand Construction. Initially, we are eaturing a pair oChicagos most amous landmarks: The Willis Towerand The John Hancock Center. Eventually, we wish tooer other amous landmarks throughout the worldcelebrating inuential architects and movements thathave shaped the environment around us. We hopeto inspire uture architects around the world withthe brick as a medium. We hope you enjoyed thisexperience.
The LEGO Group
Visit www.LEGO.com/architecture orwww.Brickstructures.com or more inormation
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The landmark series
Willis Tower Space Needle Empire State Building