Tick Submission in MILocal Health Department, Environmental
Health Division maintains tick kits
Each tick kit contains:– Tick submission form– Instructions– Mailing container
Specimens can be returned to LHD or mailed to Michigan department of Agriculture.
Ear-punch biopsy
Rodent Ear-Punch Biopsy Results 1990-1995
AREA #SPECIMENS #POSITIVEUpper Peninsula 563 132Lower Peninsula 357 0TOTAL 920 132
*Menominee County
Michigan Department of Community Health & Michigan State University.
Recovery
Deer Surveillance
Hunter-killed deer Fall 1988-1990 Over 4,000 deer checked Dermacentor albopictus found
commonly No Ixodes scapularis found
Canine Serosurvey
1992 & 1993
6 private practices
Canine Serosurvey Methods
Random Samples Healthy dogs Serum from heartworm test Blinded study 2 step lab protocal
–Screening IFA/ELISA; W.Blot
Gogeb ic
Houghton
Keweenaw
Iron
Baraga
Marquette
Dickinson
Alger
Delt a
Menominee
Schoolcraft
Luce
Mackinac Chippewa
CheboyganPresque IsleCharlevoix
Antr im Otsego MontmorencyLeelanau
BenzieGrand Traverse Kalkaska Crawford Oscoda Alcona
Manistee W exford Ogemaw Iosco
Mason Lake Osceola ClareGladwin
Arenac
Oceana
Newaygo
Mecosta IsabellaMidland
Bay
Huron
Muskegon
Montcalm Gratiot Sag inaw
TuscolaSan ilac
St. C lairLapeer
ShiawasseeClintonIoniaKentOttawa
Allegan Barry Eaton Ingham Livingston Oakland
Macomb
Van Buren KalamazooCalhoun Jackson W ashtenaw W ayne
Berrien Cass Hillsdale Lenawee MonroeSt. Joseph
Branch
Missaukee
Alpena
Roscommon
Emmet
Genesee
Ontonagon
Journal of Medical Entomology (Volume 35)
3
Canine Serosurvey Results1992 & 1993
Menominee Cnty.1992: 12/1951993: 13/104
Leelanau Cnty.1993: 0/31
Kalamazoo Cnty.1993: 0/280
Berrien Cnty.1993: 1/292
Saginaw Cnty.1992: 0/621993: 1/100
Oakland Cnty.1993: 0/154
Table of specimens from each location
COUNTY
Berrien
Kalamazoo
Leelanau
Menominee
Oakland
Saginaw
--------------------
TOTAL
# SPECIMENS
292
280
31
104
154
100
961
Western Blot Results1993 MI, Canine seroprevalence
COUNTY IgG RESULT COMMENT
Menominee 31 vaccinatedMenominee 18,41,45,66,93 positive?Menominee no bands negativeMenominee 18, 93 positive?Menominee no bands negativeMenominee no bands negativeMenominee 18,41,60,66,93 positive?Menominee 93 negativeMenominee no bands negativeMenominee no bands negativeMenominee 18,93 positive?Menominee 31,34 vaccinatedMenominee no bands negativeBerrien no bands negative
Criteria from RH Jacobson, Cornell U
Seroprevalence Conclusions
Good study design Extremely low level of
seropositive dogs in Michigan Results correlate with other
ecologic & epidemiologic data Menominee county
Gogebic
Houghton
Keweenaw
Iron
Baraga
Marquette
Dickinson
Alger
Delta
Menominee
Schoolcraft
Luce
Mackinac Chippewa
CheboyganPresque IsleCharlevoix
Antrim Otsego MontmorencyLeelanau
BenzieGrand Traverse Kalkaska Crawford Oscoda Alcona
Manistee Wexford Ogemaw Iosco
Mason Lake Osceola Clare Gladwin
Arenac
Oceana
Newaygo
Mecosta IsabellaMidland Bay
Huron
Muskegon
Montcalm Gratiot Saginaw
TuscolaSanilac
St. ClairLapeer
ShiawasseeClintonIoniaKentOttawa
Allegan Barry Eaton Ingham Livingston Oakland
Macomb
Van Buren Kalamazoo Calhoun Jackson Washtenaw Wayne
Berrien Cass Hillsdale Lenawee MonroeSt. Joseph
Branch
Missaukee
Alpena
Roscommon
Emmet
Genesee
Ontonagon
Human Skin Biopsy Results
Borrelia burgdorferi isolation
# Spec.
# Pos.
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
3 4 4 2 22 14 8 16 11
0 0 2 0 3 0 3 3 2
Endemic Area
Menominee CountyFactors contributing to Lyme Disease
UP banana belt; warmer temperatures Rural ecology; emphasis on outdoor life and
hunting Landscape of forest, abandoned dairy farms,
active dairy farms, waterways; mixture of southern deciduous and northern boreal forest
Northern limit of white-footed mouse distribution
Extremely high deer density
www.michigan.gov/documents/
Where might Lyme Disease emerge next?
South West Michigan–A population of Ixodes Scapularis
was recently found in NE Indiana, bordering Michigan.*
Coastal Counties of Michigan–Bird migration has been a source
of tick dispersal. **
Gogebic
Houghton
Keweenaw
Iron
Baraga
Marquette
Dickinson
Alger
Delta
Menominee
Schoolcraft
Luce
Mackinac Chippewa
CheboyganPresque IsleCharlevoix
Antrim Otsego MontmorencyLeelanau
BenzieGrand Traverse Kalkaska Crawford Oscoda Alcona
Manistee Wexford Ogemaw Iosco
Mason Lake Osceola Clare Gladwin
Arenac
Oceana
Newaygo
Mecosta IsabellaMidland Bay
Huron
Muskegon
Montcalm Gratiot Saginaw
TuscolaSanilac
St. ClairLapeer
ShiawasseeClintonIoniaKentOttawa
Allegan Barry Eaton Ingham Livingston Oakland
Macomb
Van Buren Kalamazoo Calhoun Jackson Washtenaw Wayne
Berrien Cass Hillsdale Lenawee MonroeSt. Joseph
Branch
Missaukee
Alpena
Roscommon
Emmet
Genesee
Ontonagon
32
32
Targeted Active Surveillance Area 1998 Physician Participation
5
10
3
County # participating phys./ # phys. contacted
Allegan 32/37 Berrien 29/66 Cass 5/15 Van Buren 10/34 Ottawa 3/6
Project objectives:(1) Develop SW Michiganas test site for quantitativeLyme disease ecologicalrisk assessment(2) Enroll vet clinics in SWMichigan as sentinels for ticks and canine sera(3) Trap rodents at new sites,Inspect for ticks, isolateB. burgdorferi(4) Check locally shot deerfor ticks
GIS Risk Model Test Region
Dept Microbiology & Molecular Genetics Mich State Univ
Is lower Michiganunder invasion by I.scapularis ticks, and “Lyme disease?”
If so, does this providean opportunity to testand improve the risk mapbased upon tick habitatsuitability?
2/1,000 seropositive dogs
4/300 B. burgdorferipositive rodents
Tick
Tick
