The Holocaust(1933-1945)

Chastity Showell Mrs. Crowder

3rd period

The HolocaustThe holocaust was the murder of The holocaust was the murder of

6 million Jews and millions of 6 million Jews and millions of others by the Nazis and their others by the Nazis and their collaborators during World War collaborators during World War II. Mass killings began in June II. Mass killings began in June of 1941with the shootings of of 1941with the shootings of Jewish capitalizations during Jewish capitalizations during the German invasion of the the German invasion of the Soviet Union. At the end of Soviet Union. At the end of 1941, the Germans began 1941, the Germans began deporting Jews to deporting Jews to extermination camps in extermination camps in Poland. By May 1945, about Poland. By May 1945, about two out of every three Jews in two out of every three Jews in Europe had been murdered. It Europe had been murdered. It was ran by Adolf Hitler.was ran by Adolf Hitler.

In 1933…In 1933… On January 30, 1933, the Nazis organized a mass torch light On January 30, 1933, the Nazis organized a mass torch light

parade in Berlin to celebrate the appointment of Adolf Hitler as parade in Berlin to celebrate the appointment of Adolf Hitler as Chancellor (prime minister) of Germany.Chancellor (prime minister) of Germany.

The Nazis set up the First concentration camp at Dachau. The first The Nazis set up the First concentration camp at Dachau. The first inmates are 200 communists.inmates are 200 communists.

Jews are prohibited from working as civil servants, doctors in the Jews are prohibited from working as civil servants, doctors in the National Health Service, and teachers in public schools. Most Jews National Health Service, and teachers in public schools. Most Jews were banned from public high schools and some universities.were banned from public high schools and some universities.

Trade unions are closedTrade unions are closed Books with ideas considered dangerous to Nazi beliefs are burned Books with ideas considered dangerous to Nazi beliefs are burned

in public.in public.

Adolf Hitler Born April 20, 1889

A German Politian who became leader of the National Socialist German Party (Nazi party) in 1993

He led the Germans in their mass killings of the Jews.

Appointed Chancellor of Germany in 1933

In office August 2, 1934 - April 30, 1945

Died April 30, 1945

Dachau Concentration Dachau Concentration CampCamp

1934 - 1935 Hitler combines the positions of chancellor and president to become Hitler combines the positions of chancellor and president to become

“Fuhrer” (leader of Germany).“Fuhrer” (leader of Germany). Jew are deprived their citizenship and other basic rights.Jew are deprived their citizenship and other basic rights. The Nazis intensify the persecution of political dissidents and others The Nazis intensify the persecution of political dissidents and others

considered “Gypsies,” Jehovah’s witnesses, and homosexuals. Many considered “Gypsies,” Jehovah’s witnesses, and homosexuals. Many are sent to concentration camp.are sent to concentration camp.

1936 - 1938 Nazis boycott Jewish-owned businesses.Nazis boycott Jewish-owned businesses. The Olympic Games are held in Germany; signs barring Jews are The Olympic Games are held in Germany; signs barring Jews are

removed until the event is over.removed until the event is over. In 1938, German troops annexed Austria.In 1938, German troops annexed Austria. On Kristallnacht, “The Night of Broken Glass,” Nazis terrorize On Kristallnacht, “The Night of Broken Glass,” Nazis terrorize

Jews throughout Germany and Austria- 30,000 Jews are arrested Jews throughout Germany and Austria- 30,000 Jews are arrested and 91 killed. Thousands of shops and businesses were looted and 91 killed. Thousands of shops and businesses were looted and synagogues were set of fire.and synagogues were set of fire.

All Jewish children are expelled from schools in Germany and All Jewish children are expelled from schools in Germany and Austria.Austria.

Nazis take control over Jewish-owned businesses.Nazis take control over Jewish-owned businesses.

19391939 Germany takes over Czechoslovakia and invades Poland. World War II began as Britain and France declare war on Germany. Hitler orders the systematic order of the mentally and physically

disordered in Germany and Austria. Jews are required to wear armbands or yellow stars.

19401940 Nazis began deporting Jews to PolandNazis began deporting Jews to Poland Nazi begin the first mass murder of Jews in Poland.Nazi begin the first mass murder of Jews in Poland. Jews are forced in to ghettosJews are forced in to ghettos Germany conquers nations in Western Europe including: Denmark, Germany conquers nations in Western Europe including: Denmark,

Norway, Belgium, Luxembourg, and France.Norway, Belgium, Luxembourg, and France.

19411941

Germany attacks the Soviet Union.Germany attacks the Soviet Union. Mobile killing units shot 33,771 Ukrainian Jews at Babi Yar. Mobile killing units shot 33,771 Ukrainian Jews at Babi Yar.

It was the largest single killing massacre of the Holocaust.It was the largest single killing massacre of the Holocaust. The death camp in Chelmno in Poland begins killing Jews.The death camp in Chelmno in Poland begins killing Jews. Germany declares war on the United States immediately Germany declares war on the United States immediately

after the bombing of Pearl Harbor.after the bombing of Pearl Harbor.

Chelmno Death CampChelmno Death Camp

19421942 Five death camps begin operation in Poland: Majdanek, Sobibor, Five death camps begin operation in Poland: Majdanek, Sobibor,

Treblinka, Belzec, and Auschwitz-Birkenau.Treblinka, Belzec, and Auschwitz-Birkenau. Ghettos in Eastern Europe are being emptied as thousands of Jews Ghettos in Eastern Europe are being emptied as thousands of Jews

are shipped to death camps.are shipped to death camps.

19431943 About 80 to 85 percent of the Jews who would die in the holocaust About 80 to 85 percent of the Jews who would die in the holocaust

have already been murdered.have already been murdered. Jews in the Warsaw ghettos resist as the Nazis begin new rounds of Jews in the Warsaw ghettos resist as the Nazis begin new rounds of

deportations.deportations.

1944 - 19451944 - 1945 In 1944 Hitler takes over Hungary and begins deporting 12,000 In 1944 Hitler takes over Hungary and begins deporting 12,000

Hungarian Jews each day to Auschwitz where they are murdered.Hungarian Jews each day to Auschwitz where they are murdered. In 1945 Hitler is defeated and World War II ends in Europe.In 1945 Hitler is defeated and World War II ends in Europe. The holocaust over and death camps are emptied.The holocaust over and death camps are emptied.

19461946 An International Military Tribunal is created by Britain, France, the An International Military Tribunal is created by Britain, France, the

United States, and the Soviet Union. The Nazi leaders are tried for United States, and the Soviet Union. The Nazi leaders are tried for war crimes against humanity in Nuremberg.war crimes against humanity in Nuremberg.

The United Nations establishes a Jewish homeland in British-The United Nations establishes a Jewish homeland in British-controlled Palestine which becomes the state of Israel in 1948.controlled Palestine which becomes the state of Israel in 1948.

AREAS AFFECTEDThis map shows

the areas affected by the holocaust. It shows where the capital city is and the locations of concentration and extermination camps.

Primary sourcesThe Diary of Anne Frank is a

diary that belonged to a young girl named Anne

Frank. In the diary, Anne tells of her life during the

holocaust. The diary made her famous.

“Despite everything, I believe that people are really good at heart.”

“I don’t think of all the misery but of the beauty

that still remains.”

Anne Frank Born June 12, 1929

Is the best known victim of the Jewish genocide known as the holocaust. She is known because of her diary that was found after the holocaust. Her diary became a living history.

Died in March of 1945

Mies Giep Is famous for trying to save

the Franks in her home during the holocaust.

She was a former employee of Anne Frank’s father, Otto Frank. She and her husband kept his business going during their “disappearence” and supplied their needs. Giep is credited with preserving Anne Frank’s diary for her father after his return.

SourcesSourcesThe History Place/Nov.27, 2007

www.historyplace.com/worldwar/holocaust.timeline.html.

Holocaust Facts/Dec.2, 2007www.buttonproject.com/facts.php.

The Holocaust/Dec.2, 2007www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/holocaust.

Rossel, Seymour. The Holocaust. New York: Franklin Watts, 1981

Gilbert, Martin. The Holocaust. New York: Hill and Wang, 1978