Sunshine Policy(햇볕정책 )

Prepared by : Riri KusumaraniClass : Korean History and Culture II by Prof. Chun

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Content

• What is Sunshine Policy• The History• Fundamental Principles• What Differences?• President Roh Moo Hyun• Legacy and Ends

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the foreign policy of South Korea towards North Korea

President Kim Dae Jung , launched the Sunshine Policy,

Also known officially as the Policy of reconciliation and Cooperation toward North Korea,

resulted in greater political contact between the two States and some historical moments for the Korean peninsula

In 2000, Being awarded A Novel Peace Prize for Launching Sunshine Policy

The first South Korean President to visit North Korea in 2000

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• Originates in The North Wind and the Sun, one of Aesop's fables.

• In the fable, the sun and the wind compete to remove a man's coat. The wind blew strongly, but the man clutched his coat and kept it on. The sun shone warmly, and the man voluntarily took off his coat to enjoy the fine weather.

The main aim of the policy was to soften North Korea's attitudes towards the South by encouraging interaction and economic assistance.

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Fundamental Principles

• No armed provocation by the North will be tolerated.

• The South will not attempt to absorb the North in any way.

• The South actively seeks cooperation

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2 Added Component

the South loosened restrictions on its private sector to invest in North Korea,

limiting its own involvement essentially to humanitarian aid. to improve the North's economy to induce change in the North's economic policy, though the

latter goal was later (at least officially) de-emphasized.

The Separation of Politics and Economics

The requirement of reciprocity from the North

T he two States would treat each other as equals, each making concessions and compromises. the South would provide aid without expecting an immediate reciprocation and without requesting a specific form of reciprocityThe South also announced that it would provide humanitarian assistance without any expectations of concessions in return.

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Why Different? Responds to North Korea’s Economic & Humanitarian Needs

Seek to Help N.K with its chronic food, energy and currency

Dialogue and DeterrenceFocuses first on tasks and problems that both can resolve & overcomeEncourages allies to actively engage North Korea

There are may changes in the inter-Korean relations during the couple years of Sunshine Policy

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Inter-Koreans ProgressMore than 29,000 S.Koreans toured Mt.KumGang

11,000 S.Koreans visited the North

N.Korea has establised diplomatic Relations with : S.Africa , Brunei, Italy, Australia & Philippines Germany, UK, Spain & Netherlands expresses their

intention to establish relation

Visits by 200 Seperated family members on Aug.15

Reconnecting of The Kyongui railway through DMZ

Building a four-lane highway (5.5km on the South, 12Km on the North)

North Korea’s Attitude has change substantially

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President Roh Moo-Hyun• continued the policy of his predecessor• In 2003, the issue of the North's possession of

nuclear weapons surfaced again• S.Korean continued to supply the North with

humanitarian aid. • Started the Kaesong Industrial Park, with South

Korea spending the equivalent of just over $324 million on aid to the North in 2005.[

Both the North and South Korean Governments agreed to hold a summit in Pyongyang on August 20, 2007, but this was later postponed to [9] October 2 to 4

Roh travelled from Seoul to Pyongyang overland by car on October 2. Roh made a stopover at Panmunjeom and crossed the Military Demarcation Line by foot, stating that his gesture would symbolize the future reunification of Korea.[11]

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Legacy and End• October 9,2006

– South Korea suspended aid shipments to the North and put their military on high alert status.

– some aspects of the Sunshine Policy, including the Mount Gumgang Tourist Region and the Kaesong Industrial Region would continue.

• March 2008, – Lee Myung-bak stated that any expansion of

the economic cooperation at the Kaesong Industrial Region would only happen if the North resolved the international standoff over its nuclear weapons.

– North Korea making military moves such as a series of short range ship-to-ship missile tests.[26]

• 2009• North Korean nuclear test,• South Korea's response to the

nuclear test, • signing the

Proliferation Security Initiative to prevent the shipment of nuclear materials to North Korea

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In November 2010, the South Korean Unification Ministry officially declared the Sunshine Policy a failure, thus bringing the policy to an end.[29][30]

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RELATED INFORMATION

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Chung-Ju Yung

• the first CEO, founder and honorary chairman of Hyundai Group

• Born Tongchon, Kangwŏn, Japanese Korea (Now is North Korea)

• the Unification BridgeSent 1001 Cows & 50,000 tons of Corns to North Korea via DMZ

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Hana Program Center

• launched on May 10, 2001 in Dandong, China.

• The first inter-Korean IT joint venture company

Talented North and South Korean workers in the IT industry met for the first time to market software

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References

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunshine_Policy• http://www.ieas.or.kr/vol12_4/12_4_1.pdf• http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2000/jun/1

0/northkorea• http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-

pacific-15292674