Personality
ADAPTING TO THE WORLD
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
•Explain different psychological perspectives on personality
•Point out criticisms & revisions
•Describe shared principles
•Describe the value of each perspective
Organizing the Information
Value
Criticisms
Features
Beliefs
People
Describe Shared
Princip
les
Point out
criticisms
Describe Value
Explain different
perspectives
Psychodynamic PerspectiveWhen
inspiration does
not come to
me, I go
halfway to meet
it.SIGMUND FREUD
Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory
Underlying Beliefs Societal Influences
Freud’s Psychoanalytic Approach to Personality
Theory based on unconscious [sexual] drives and hidden impulses rooted in childhood development
Behaviors are a result of conflicts between levels of consciousness
Freud’s Psychoanalytic Approach to Personality
Freud’s Psychoanalytic Approach to Personality
•Defense Mechanisms• Repression• Displacement• Rationalization• Sublimation• Projection• Reaction Formation• Denial• Regression
(Anna) Freud’s Psychoanalytic Approach to Personality
REDUCES ANXIETY WHY?
You get your own little interpretation of
reality
Created all for you
Deep in your subconscious
The sexual life of adult women is a “dark continent” for psychology.SIGMUND FREUD
• Focus on sex• Heavily influenced by beliefs
• Lack of evidence• Theories too universal• Stress on childhood• Stress on unconscious• Stress on neuroses• Omits socio cultural• Omits healthy behaviors
Criticisms & Revisions of Freud’s Psychodynamic Approach
• Karen Horney: feminist response
• Carl Jung: collective unconscious
• Alfred Adler:individual compensation
Organizing the Information
Value
Criticisms
Features
Beliefs
People
Describe Shared
Princip
les
Point out
criticisms
Describe Value
Explain different
perspectives
Man's task is to become conscious of the contents that press upward from the unconscious. CARL JUNG
Psychodynamic/
Analytical Theory
Conscious and unconscious are both in the service of the individual, who uses them to further personal goals. ALFRED ADLER
Psychodynamic/
Individual Psychology
Organizing the Information
Value
Criticisms
Features
Beliefs
People
Describe Shared
Princip
les
Point out
criticisms
Describe Value
Explain different
perspectives
The more we learn about man’s natural tendencies, the easier it will be to tell him how to be good, how to be happy, how to be fruitful, how to respect himself, how to love, how to fulfill his highest potentialities … Abraham Maslow
Humanistic Perspective
Maslow’s Humanistic Approach to Personality
Critical Response Emphasis on Positive
The only person who is educated is the one who has learned to learn…and change….CARL ROGERS
Humanistic Perspective
Rogers’sHumanistic Approach to Personality
Innate Ingredients Happiness/Unhappiness
Organizing the Information
Value
Criticisms
Features
Beliefs
People
Describe Shared
Princip
les
Point out
criticisms
Describe Value
Explain different
perspectives
Trait Perspectives
O.C.E.A.N.
TraitPerspectives
Organizing the Information
Value
Criticisms
Features
Beliefs
People
Describe Shared
Princip
les
Point out
criticisms
Describe Value
Explain different
perspectives
