Download - Paraphrase Technique

7/28/2019 Paraphrase Technique

1/30

Using

paraphrase

in writing

Adapted from:

Davies, M. Quoting, plagiarism and quoting. University of Melbourne. Retrieved from:

http://tlu.ecom.unimelb.edu.au/pdfs/crals/Lecture on 7th June 2008 andFolse, K.S., Mahnke, M.K., Solomon E.V., and Williams L. (2003) Blueprints 2

Composition skills for academic writers. USA. Thomson Heinle.
http://tlu.ecom.unimelb.edu.au/pdfs/crals/Lecturehttp://tlu.ecom.unimelb.edu.au/pdfs/crals/Lecture


2/30

Learning outcomes

understandthe

importance to

paraphrase

identify agood

paraphrase

understandthe

techniquesof

paraphrasing

apply thetechniques ofparaphrasing

introducingan outside

source


3/30

Definition of paraphrase

Paraphrase

Restate what has

been said or

written in a

different way

Use your own

words to express

another writers

words and ideas


4/30

The importance of paraphrasing

To avoid plagiarism

To report ideas and information which

belong to someone else

As an alternative to quoting


5/30

Five attributes of

a good paraphrase

1. The use of different words to convey the

same ideas and information as the original

writing

2. The length of the paraphrase is of almost

equal length to the original


6/30

3. The grammar and vocabulary are not the

same with the exception of technical terms

Five attributes of

a good paraphrase

4. The use of multiple paraphrasing strategies

simultaneously

5. The use of varied paraphrasing strategies


7/30RECAP

Why isparaphrasingimportant?

What are theattributes of a

good

paraphrase?


8/30

Techniques in paraphrasing

Use synonyms

Use varied sentence patterns

Change the order of ideas

Break long sentences into short ones

Simplify abstract ideas


9/30

Technique 1:

Using synonyms

Have a good dictionary or thesaurus at hand

Original

miniscule

Paraphrased

well equipped room

with scientific equipment

for experiments

more or less eight

hundred


10/30

Technique 1:

Using synonyms

Have a good dictionary or thesaurus at hand

Original

miniscule

Paraphrased

minute / small

well equipped room

with scientific equipment

for experiments

self-contained laboratory

more or less eight

hundred

about eight hundred


11/30

Technique 2:

Varying sentence structure

Original

Development can

cause disaster.

Paraphrased

________________

________________

________________


12/30

Technique 2:

Varying sentence structure

Original

Development can

cause disaster.

Paraphrased

Disaster as a result of

development ispossible.


13/30

Technique 3:

Changing the order of ideas

Original

Development can

improve the quality oflife if we plan carefully

for the future.

Paraphrased


14/30

Technique 3:

Changing the order of ideas

Original

Development can

improve the quality oflife if we plan carefully

for the future.

Paraphrased

Carefully forward

planning can ensurethat development will

meet our future

needs.


15/30

Technique 4:

Breaking long sentence into short ones

Original

During the study it

was found that men

and women have

different taste in

reading genres

whereby older menprefer emotional

stories while younger

ones prefer factual

details.

Paraphrased

Both men and women

have different reading

genres. Older men

prefer emotional

reading articles.

Younger men preferfactual materials to

read.


16/30

Technique 4:

Breaking long sentence into short ones

Original

Throughout the

process, it became

clear that many of the

people in the study

were having difficulty

and were becomingfrustrated as they

completed the ASC

Research.

Paraphrased

The ASC Research

involved a course of

action. It was evident

as the research came

to an end that most

of the researchparticipants faced

problems and felt

annoyed.


17/30

Technique 5:

Simplifying abstract ideas

Original

This model provides a

microeconomic

theoretical rational for

why researchers have

failed to find consistent

evidence of the

superiority of one

teaching technique overanother in the production

of learning in economics.

Paraphrased

____________________

____________________

____________________

____________________

____________________

____________________

____________________

________________________________________

____________________

____________________


18/30

Technique 5:

Simplifying abstract ideas

Original

This model provides a

microeconomic

theoretical rational for

why researchers have

failed to find consistent

evidence of the

superiority of one

teaching technique overanother in the production

of learning in economics.

Paraphrased

This accounts for why

theorists working in the

area found the following:

a student that is taught

with Method A is as

unprepared as he is

taught with Method B.

The evidence does notshow that either A or B is

better in terms of learning

outcomes.


19/30RECAP

How manytechniquesare there in

paraphrasing?

What arethey?


20/30

Introducing an outside source

Use the phrase According to followed bythe name of the author or the name of book.

For example:According to Amin

In(the name of the author or the name of

book) view

For example: In Amins view


21/30


22/30

On a final note

Always ensureinformation

paraphrased

is true to theoriginal

Use a

variety of

paraphrasing

techniques


23/30

exitLesson 6

Paraphrasing Sources

A paraphrase is when you would focus on one or twosentences of a writer and put them into your own words.

You would do this if you wanted to highlight the details,

facts or arguments within the sentence(s).

You not only want to change one or two words of the

original, but to put the whole sentence into your own words.

REMEMBER :Paraphrased passages still require citation because

the ideas came from another source, even though you are putting

them in your own words.

L 6


24/30

Example of a paraphrase from Newsweek:

Original: A 1997 study by Japanese researchers showed

that repetitive rhythms can bring on either serenity or

arousal (Begley, 59).

Paraphrase:

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

exitLesson 6


25/30


26/30

3 criteria for a GOOD paraphrase:i. A good paraphrase has the same meaning as the

original all main ideas included

No new ideas added

ii. A good paraphrase is different enough from theoriginal to be considered your own writing

Uses very few original words, changes grammar and

vocabulary as much as possible.

iii. A good paraphrase refers directly to (or cites) the

original source. Must include the name of the author or the source

(You will study citing and referencing in Week 3 and 4)


27/30

NOW YOU TRY :

Many of the doctors taking part in the survey on assisted suicide doubted

whether they could decide if a patient had less than six months to live.The Anguish of Doctors 1996

Paraphrase 1 : According to a survey on assisted suicide in The Anguish

of Doctors (1996), many doctors disagree with the assisted suicide

because they cant know when a patient will die.

Paraphrase 2 : In a survey on assisted suicide in The Anguish of Doctors

(1996), many doctors were not sure they could always know whether a

patient will die within six months.

Which paraphrase meets all 3 criteria?


28/30

ANSWER :

Paraphrase 1 doesnt meet all 3

criteria because it does not

have the same meaning.

Paraphrase 2 is accurate.


29/30

NOW YOU TRY!

Countries are likely to indulge in romance if they are

wealthy and value individualism over the community.- Levine, Robert, Is Love a Luxury? 1993

Paraphrase 1 : Rich individual countries are more

likely to think love is important (Levine, 1993).

Paraphrase 2: Countries that are rich and value

individualism are more likely to believe in romanticlove (Levine, 1993).

Which paraphrase meets all 3 criteria?


30/30

The end

Download - Paraphrase Technique

Top Related