Download - OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015
![Page 1: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
© 2014 VMware Inc. All rights reserved.
OpenStack 101Or: “Take the red pill”
Mark T. Voelker, OpenStack Architect
Oct. 20, 2015All Things Open 2015
![Page 2: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
CONFIDENTIAL 2
Remember the first time you were asked to stand up a
distributed system?
Or maybe a series of cooperating ones?
![Page 3: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
CONFIDENTIAL 3
Turns out, distributed systems are both very powerful
…and sometimes hard to learn.
![Page 4: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
CONFIDENTIAL 4
But at least the fine manuals are all pretty clear for these things.
…right?
?
![Page 5: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
CONFIDENTIAL 5
A little help making that first leap goes a long way.
So where do you start?
![Page 6: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
![Page 7: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
“A computer nerd….is somebody who uses a computer in order to use a computer.”–Douglas Adams
Mark T. Voelker (@marktvoelker)• OpenStack Architect @ VMware, OpenStack ATC, Former Puppet-OpenStack core dev, Triangle
OpenStack Meetup founder, OS Foundation Member #54, DefCore Committee Member
• Fact: can be bribed with doughnuts
• OpenStack community member since 2011, VMware since 11 months ago.
• In copious (hah!) spare time: data center OS’s, Big Data, Massively Scalable Data Centers, DevOps, outdoorsey stuff, making sawdust
![Page 8: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Let’s begin.
![Page 9: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
“OpenStack software controls large pools of compute, storage, and networking resources throughout a datacenter, managed through a dashboard or via the OpenStack API. OpenStack works with popular enterprise and open source
technologies making it ideal for heterogeneous infrastructure…The software is built by a thriving community of developers, in collaboration with users, and is designed in the open…”
What if I told you….
![Page 10: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
…ok, let me rephrase that.
![Page 11: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Basically: it’s software to run cloud services (compute, storage, network, etc) and the community behind that software.
![Page 12: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
History• Founded July 2010 by Rackspace, NASA, & friends
– NASA contributed a compute controller (Nova)
– Rackspace contributed an object storage controller (Swift)
• 12th release (Liberty) just went live a few days ago
– The project now follows a 6-month release cycle
• Hundreds of companies and thousands of people contribute
– 1,933 contributors from 164 organizations in the last release
– It’s probably easier to list IT/cloud companies that aren’t involved somehow than it is to list the ones that are:
![Page 13: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Structure
![Page 14: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Structure• The OpenStack Foundation
– Membership free for individuals
– Platinum, Gold, Corporate memberships paid for by member companies
– Board of Directors comprised of Platinum, some Gold, and generally elected members
• Provides strategic & financial oversight of Foundation resources & staff
– Controls the OpenStack brand & logo, coordinates events, etc
• The Technical Committee
– Provides technical leadership for OpenStack as a whole
– Enforces OpenStack ideals (Openness, Transparency, Commonality, Integration, Quality)
– Elected by active technical contributors (ATC’s) to the project
• Project Team Leaders
– Elected to lead individual projects by contributors to those projects
• User Committee
– Represents users with the Technical Committee and Board of Directors
![Page 15: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
All to give you this: power.
The power to build a cloud out of the stuff you want, or use one Someone else has built for you to consume.
![Page 16: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
How to Participate• IRC Channels and Mailing Lists
• User/Meetup Groups
– Local to RTP? http://meetup.com/Triangle-OpenStack-Meetup/
• Code is in git, reviewed in Gerrit, mirrored on GitHub, Bugs in Launchpad
• Two annual Design Summit/Conferences
– I leave for Tokyo this Saturday
– Spring 2016: Austin
– Fall 2016: Barcelona
• There’s a welcome guide here.
• You can try out OpenStack as a user here or get a development instance running on your laptop to start hacking on here.
![Page 17: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
What are people using it for?
Much more info fromannual User Survey data
![Page 18: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
With hundreds of projects available, it’s a very flexible platform.
![Page 19: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
You get to choose which projects you deploy.
![Page 20: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
But a few projects are where the majority of the focus (and users) are.
![Page 21: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Horizon (GUI)
Nova (Compute) Neutron (Networking)Swift (Object Storage)
Cinder (Block storage)
Glance
(VM Image Service)
Keystone
(Identity Service)
OpenStack: The Software
AWS Management Console
EC2 VPC/ELBS3
EBS
Ceilometer
(Telemetry Service)
Trove (Database as a Service)
Heat (Orchestration)
Sahara (Data Processing)
EMR
RDS
AWS CloudFormation
and AWS comparables
![Page 22: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
DefCore: the new interoperability standard for OpenStack Powered™ products
• The DefCore Committee creates Guidelines to which products must adhere if they use the OpenStack name or OpenStack Powered logo.
• Guidelines contain a list of Capabilities that products must expose and tests they must pass in order to prove it.
• Guidelines also contain Designated Sections of code products must use to provide those Capabilities
![Page 23: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Keystone: the Identity Service
![Page 24: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
• Provides a central service for authentication and authorization as well as a service catalog (e.g. a list of where the API endpoints of other services are)
• Abstracts various backend auth services
– SQL databases
– LDAP/AD
• Uses a bearer token model
– Clients are assigned a token which they present to other services in headers
• Multiple token types
– UUID
– PKI/PKIz
– Fernet
• Can federate
– E.g. use another keystone as a service provider via SAML assertion
![Page 25: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Primitives:• Tokens• Services• Endpoints• Domains
• Projects• Groups• Credentials• Roles• Policies
![Page 26: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Glance:The Image Service
![Page 27: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
• Houses virtual machine images that can later be launched as instances
• Abstracts various image containers and disk formats
– Note: this does not mean that we magically make all image formats work on all hypervisors although there are some ways to do conversion
– Bare, OVF, AKI, ARI, AMI
– Qcow2, raw, VHD, AKI/ARI/AMI, ISO, VDI, VMDK
• Multiple storage backends
– File, Swift, Ceph, etc
![Page 28: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Primitives:• Images• Metadata• Tags• Tasks
![Page 29: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Nova: The Compute Controller
![Page 30: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
• Basically, it’s what takes care of launching VM instances (think Amazon EC2) and plugging things into them.
• Nova abstracts hypervisors and pools of computer hardware.
• Most operations can be involved with a REST API call, a CLI client, or a few clicks in the Horizon web GUI.
• A few high-level features:
– Supports most hypervisors
– Distributed, mostly asynchronous architecture
– Public REST API, SQL backend DB, AMQP for RPC
– Supports security groups
– Several means of providing resource segregation
• Host aggregates
• Availability zones
• Regions
• Cells
![Page 31: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Some primitives: • Flavors• Servers• Keypairs• Quotas• Aggregates
![Page 32: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Neutron: the network controller
![Page 33: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
• Provides tenants with the ability to create isolated or shared L2 and L3 virtual networks, route between them, and connect compute instances to them
• Abstracts various networking backends
– SDN controllers
– Physical switches
– Dozens of backend plugins, both open source and proprietary
• Supports IPv4 and IPv6 (depending on plugin)
• Organized as a “stadium” project to house many networking subprojects with their own lieutenants
• Can also provide L4-L7 services
– Load Balancing as a Service
– VPN as a Service
– Firewall as a Service
![Page 34: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Primitives:• Networks• Subnets• Ports• Quotas• Security groups• Routers
• VIPs• Health Monitors• Pools• Members
![Page 35: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Swift: The object storage service
![Page 36: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
• Provides highly available, distributed, eventually consistent object storage.
• Can (and often is) run completely independently of OpenStack Compute.
• Optimized around durability and availability
• One of the most long-lived API’s in OpenStack (still v1)
• Similar in some respects to Hadoop HDFS and Amazon S3
– Replicates objects over multiple machines (usually at least 3)
– Replicas lost due to hardware failures can be re-replicated
– Clusters can be rebalanced
![Page 37: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Primitives:• Accounts• Containers• Objects
![Page 38: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Cinder: the block storage service
![Page 39: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
• Provides persistent block storage volumes to compute instances
• Abstracts underlying storage systems
• Originally part of Nova itself, but split out into it’s own project since the Folsom release
• Dozens of drivers
– EMC, NetApp, LVM, VMware, Gluster, Nexenta, NFS, Ceph, SolidFire, etc etc etc
• Volumes appear to instances as block devices
– E.g. a virtual hard drive
• There’s a separate service for shared file systems called Manila
![Page 40: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Primitives:• Volumes• Backups• Snapshots• Quota sets• QoS Specs
![Page 41: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
And much more!
• Documentation• CI & Infrastructure• Client libraries• Oslo (common libs)• DevStack• Tempest (integration tests)• Rally (benchmarking/scale
test)• Modules for deploying with
Ansible, Puppet, Chef, Salt
• Metering service• DNS as a Service• Data Processing Service• Bare metal service• Container service• Orchestration service• Key management service• Queue service• Database as a service
![Page 42: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Questions?
![Page 43: OpenStack 101 - All Things Open 2015](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051405/5875afb31a28ab8b618b5ad7/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Thank You
@marktvoelker