Dr. P.W. JI & H.H.LiDeputy Director of Math.& Phys. Science, NSFChttp://www.nsfc.gov.cn/
Nuclear physics and
Particle Physics in China
{One}
General information
Situation for research funding
• NSFC, for basic research of all institutions
• MOST, for large scale basic research
• CAS, for part of the research funding of CAS institutes, with remaining by other funding agencies
• MOE, for that of universities
• Ministry of development and reform, support construction cost of large facilities of basic research
• Ministry of finance, support the operation budget of facilities
• International collaboration, can be supported by NSFC and MOST
• NSFC has national stewardship responsibility for
fundamental nuclear physics and particle physics
o Provides ~60% of research budgets of national funding
o Supports researchers and students at universities and national
institutes
• NSFC Program Systems:
o Research Programs
o Talent Programs
o Environment Construction Programs
NSFC Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics
Program
Research Programs
General Project Key Project Major ProjectInternational
Programs
• Joint research projects
Major Research
Plan
Joint Funding
National Science Fund
for Talent Training
in Basic Science
Young Scientists
Fund
National Science Fund
for Distinguished
Young Scholars
Science Fund for
Creative Research
Groups
Joint Research Fund For
Overseas, Hong Kong
& Macao Scholars
Talent Programs
Fund for Less
Developed RegionsResearch Fund for
International Young Scientists
Basic research in science instrument
Key academic Journal
Public understanding of science
Funding for scientific activities of Youth
International collaborative projects (funds mainly
cover exchange costs, e.g. travel, local accommodation, etc.)
Environment Construction Programs
NSFC’s Funding for International Talents
Establishment of Research Fund for International Young Scientists in 2009
• Orientation: Encourage excellent international young scientists to conduct basic research, promote the research collaboration and academic exchanges between Chinese and international young scientists.
• Requirements:
1. Ph.D. degree, under the age of 35
2. More than 3 years of basic research or post-doctoral experience
Application and Funding:
Institutional recommendation is adopted. Research institutes and
universities affiliated to the CAS or MOE of PRC are defined as
qualified host institutions for the recommendation of eligible
applicants.
NSFC is responsible for the issuance of guidelines for
application and provide research grants.
The host institutions are obligated to cover the living expenses
and provide working facilities.
Duration: 6 or 12 months.
For More Details on the Research Fund, please refer to the
following website: http://www.nsfc.gov.cn/Portal0/default106.htm
Budget NSFC budget has been increased at an annual rate of
over 20%. The total budget for 2010 is 8.33 billion yuan, an increase by
30.2% over the year 2009.
Un
it:
10
0 M
illi
on
Yu
an
43.3
83.3
64
53.59
36.2
2723
2220
1613.46
10.868.9
7.6
6.5
5.11
4.12
3.08
2.261.76
1.561.311.110.8
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Fiscal Year
Proposals Received in Recent Years
18730 20900 2110823633 27593
3179239662
49212
63379
73400
79924 97799
over 110,000
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Fiscal Year
No
. o
f P
rop
osa
ls R
ecei
ved
Funding Distribution by Discipline
(2009 General Projects)
Management
Sciences
3%
Mathematical and
Physical Sciences
11%
Chemical Sciences
11%
Life Sciences
36%
Earth Sciences
13%
Engineering and
Materials Sciences
16%
Information
Sciences
10%
NSFC Nuclear Physics and particle physics’ panel and mission is to:
o Provide new insights and advance our knowledge on the nature of matter and energy
o Develop scientific knowledge, technologies, and trained workforce to support the nation’s needs
o Review and select best proposals for grant
• NSFC with other funding agencies work together to coordinate planning, efforts and resources
o Jointly with MOST or CAS to provide advice on scientific opportunities and priorities for the Nation’s Nuclear Physics program
o Jointly with MOST and CAS to support some research program
NSFC SC Nuclear Physics and Particle Physics
Program
Science Drives the Program
Scientific thrusts and opportunities as identified by the scientific community
Quark Structure of Matter
Structure of nucleons & nuclei in terms of their
quark substructure
Phases of Nuclear Matter
Properties of hot, dense nuclear matter
Search for evidence of a quark-gluon plasma
Nuclear Structure & Dynamics
Nuclear structure at extreme excitation, angular
momentum, and proton/neutron ratios
Nuclear Astrophysics
Reaction rates and simulations relevant to stellar
burning and supernovae phenomena
Fundamental Symmetries
The nucleon/nucleus as a laboratory to test the
Standard Model and fundamental theories
Major Scientific Thrusts of the Field
Science Drives the Program
Scientific thrusts and opportunities as identified by the scientific community
Electroweak Interaction
Interaction of leptons with gauge bosons, search
for Higgs boson, neutrino mixing (ATLAS,
DAYABAY, etc)
Strong Interaction
Stucture of quarks and hadrons and their
interaction, perturbative and non-perturbative
QCD (BES-III, etc)
Gravity and Cosmology
The nature of gravity, large scale structure of
space-time, origin of universe, dark energy
(DONE-A, etc)
Particle Astrophysics
Cosmic rays, particle detection in space and
stellar objects, dark matter (YANGBAJING,
JINGPINGSHAN, etc)
Fundamental Symmetries
P and CP violation, super-symmetry (SUPER-B,
etc)
Major Scientific missions of particle physics
Guidance on scientific opportunities and priorities from scientific community
• NSFC Nuclear and Particle Science Evaluation Panel
• NSFC Advisory Committee for the Department of Math. and Phys.
• Other bodies (China Academy of Sciences, MOE, etc.)
Strategic Plan and Priorities developed within the NSFC
• 5-year plans and priorities for new research capabilities
Administration Priorities and Interagency Planning
• Annual the National Research Priorities Report and Agenda
• China Development Initiative
International Coordination
• Extensive collaboration occurs through various international agreements
• Some new activities from Scientific Community
Planning Processes
{Second}
Some situation supported for
Nuclear Physics and Particle
Physics
NSFC’s Program for Nuclear Physics and
particle Physics (Funding for Research
Application Projects in recent years)
Unit:10,000 yuan
Field
Financial Year 2009 Financial Year 2010
Applicable
Number
Granted
Number
Granted
Funds
Applicable
Number
Granted
Number
Granted
Funds
Particle
Physics100 42 1894 122 48 1715
Nuclear
physics122 45 1604 141 61 2811
Nuclear
technology226 63 2337 258 67 2283
Accelerator
Physics and
Detectors
156 44 1886 192 59 2436
Total 604 194 7721 713 235 9245
Breeding and Transmutation of Nuclear Fuel
in Advanced Nuclear Fission Energy System
Budgetary Funding: 150 Million RMB2010—2015 (2017)
NSFC’s Major Research Plan
In the
explorations of
new phenomena,
theories and
concepts
Establishing the road map of breeding and
transmutation of nuclear fuel, propose the optimized
scenario of nuclear fuel breeding and reasonable
approaches for transmutation of long-lived high level
waste (HLW).
Exploring novel physical, chemical and nuclear
properties of actinides, especially the extremely
complicated properties caused by the unique 5f
electronic structures of actinides, they are basic
research needs for breeding and transmutation.
Working out or partially working out the separation and
partition of Th, U, Pu, minor actinides (MAs) and key
fission products, finding out the corresponding separation
mechanisms.
Scientific objective: aiming at future advanced
nuclear energy system
In
experimental
technologies
Developing beam diagnostics technologies and
RAMI technologies (ADS), striving for
significant breakthroughs in R&D of
intense beam proton LINAC
Developing highly efficient methods for
uranium and thorium extraction, enrichment
and purification, striving for significant
breakthroughs.
Developing highly selective separation
technologies for actinides, developing supra-
molecular recognition and ionic liquid
technologies, striving for leading level in the
world.
Scientific objective: aiming at future advanced
nuclear energy system
In the
applications
of nuclear
energy
Developing useful methods that could be
applied in the design of subcritical reactor
related with ADS and the related nuclear
fuel cycle system.
Developing the basic methods for Th-U fuel
cycle, so as to be applied in the design of
thorium based reactor and the Th-U fuel
cycle as far as possible.
Developing advanced nuclear materials
with thermo-stability, corrosion resistance
and high radio-resistance that could be used
in advanced nuclear fission energy system.
Scientific objective: aiming at future advanced
nuclear energy system
The priority research directions
The properties of Th, U and Pu associated nuclear fuel and the
related nuclear processes in advanced nuclear energy system.
The basic behaviors of nuclear fuel burning, breeding and
transmutation in advanced nuclear reactors.
Spent nuclear fuel reprocessing and P&T of long-lived
nuclides.
New technologies and principles in advanced nuclear fuel
breeding and transmutation.
New materials in advanced nuclear fuel breeding and
transmutation system.
{Third}
International Cooperation
Program Especial in the
Department of Mathematical
and Physical Science
1.Cooperation with scientific organizations of
world
The Department has so far signed agreements
and memoranda of understanding for scientific
cooperation and exchange with ICTP in Italy and
Brookhaven laboratory in USA and the
Department of NSF in USA.
2. Supported the program with CERN
we have supported Chinese scientist in the
CMS ,ATLAS, LHCb and ALICE for joint research.
3. Supporting the RHIC program in Brookhaven
we have supported Chinese scientist joint the RHIC
star program for research of QGP.
4. Supporting joint observing in Astronomy with
Australia ,United States, Japan, European and
Russian and so on.
5. Supporting joint research program in China
YangbaJing Tibet for with Japan, Italy;
Daya Bey in Guangdong For Neutrino with United
States ,European ,Russian and so on.
6. Support joint research program over the world.
We received about 100 proposals year/per.
Sino-Canada collaboration experiment on nuclear(by
using the DRAGON spectrometer, to directly measure
nuclear radiative capture ), Weakly Interacting Massive
Particles (WIMPs）Project with Korea.
7. Supporting joint research program in Mathematical Research with NSF
Objective: to establish new and/or strengthen existing
collaborations in mathematical and statistical sciences
between U.S. - and China-based researchers.
{Fourth}
Backup
The Department of Mathematical
and Physical Sciences
There five division in the department:
－Division of Mathematics
－Division of Mechanics
－Division of Astronomy
－ Division of Physics I
－Division of Physics II
Division of Physics II
Theoretical Physics: field theory and its method,
gravitation theory, phenomenological theory and
verification of standard models, non-linear and
non-perturbative theories, statistical physics,
string theory, etc.
Particle Physics: interaction of particles, scattering,
reaction and decay of particle, particle structure,
high energy physics and super-high energy
physics related to cosmology, astrophysics and
nuclear physics, particle cosmology, etc.
Division of Physics II
Nuclear physics and nuclear technology: symmetry and conservation laws related to strong, weak and electromagnetic interaction, property of nuclear matter, structure, excitation and reaction dynamics, QCD at high energy densities, heave-ion physics, radioactive nuclear beam physics, nuclear astrophysics, etc.
Plasma physics: high temperature plasma, low temperature plasma, gas discharge plasma ,space plasma and astroplasma, interaction of plasma with other matters, plasma diagnostics, etc.
{Sixth}
Some Research Group
and Major Facilities in
China
Institute and University which have nuclear
research group in China
Institute of Modern Physics in Lanzhou, CAS
Chinese Institute of Atomic Energy in Beijing
Institute of High Energy Physics in Beijing, CAS
Shanghai Institute of Nuclear Research, CAS
Institute of Theoretical physics in Beijing, CAS ……
Beijing University, Dep of technical physics
Tsinghua university, Dep of engineering physics
University of Science and Technology of China, Dep of Physics
Shandong University, Huazhong normal university,
Beijing Normal University, Shanghai Jiaotong University,
Fudan University, Lanzhou university, Wuhan University,
Nanjing University, Sichuan University, Zhejiang University
Nanhua University, Jilin University ……
Institute and University which have Partical
research group in China
Institute of High Energy Physics in Beijing, CAS
Institute of Theoretical physics in Beijing, CAS ……
Beijing University, Dep of technical physics
Tsinghua university, Dep of engineering physics
University of Science and Technology of China, Dep of Physics
Shandong University, Huazhong normal university,
Shanghai Jiaotong University,
Fudan University, Lanzhou university,
Nanjing University, Zhejiang University……
Facilities in China (Not complete)
• Nuclear physics– CSR Lanzhou
– BRIF Beijing
• Particle physics– BEPCII Beijing
– Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment
• Particle astrophysics experiments– Yanbajing cosmic ray observatory
• Others – SSRF Shanghai, and USTC Heifei synchrotron
radiation light facilities
– CARR and CSNS, neutron facilities
CSR in Lanzhou
Lanzhou, CSR
Med E HI, RIB,
BRIF
(Beijing rare ion beam facility)
Cyclotron
ISOL
Tandem
SCL
100 MeV 200 mA compact proton cyclotron
20000 mass resolution ISOL, 2 MeV/q super-conducting LINAC
Already funded, but requiring additional supplement
Brief idea in 1990, supported in 2004 Available in 2011-2012
38
Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPC)
BEPC: constructed 1984-1988 Ebeam~ 1–2.5 GeVBESI: run from 1989-1998
BESII: run from 1999-2004
BECPII upgraded 2004-2008 Ebeam~ 1–2.3 GeVBESIII: run from 2008
-charm energy region
39
Precision measurement of mixing 13 Daya Bay reactor experiment
• Daya Bay nuclear power plant: 4 reactor cores, 11.6 GW2 more in 2011 for a total of 17.4 GW
• Mountains near by, easy to construct a lab with enough overburden to shield cosmic-ray backgrounds
• Tunnel construction finished. Begin data taking with Near sites middle 2011, Near-Far configuration beginning 2012
• Expect to reach sensitivity of 0.01 with 3 years of running.
Yangbajing Cosmic Ray Observatory（ a.s.l. 4300m）
Particle Astrophysics Experiments inTibet
Physics question: sharp knee and irregularity spectrum Acceleration by shocked pulsar wind in young
SNRs Hybrid approach to the primary cosmic ray
composition
collaborationIHEP-INFN Argo RPC
China-Japan Air Shower
Array
Three major components
• 90k m2 water Cerenkov detector for γ>100GeV
• 1km2 complex array forγ >30TeV
– Array of 5000 scintillation detectors
– Array of 3600 μ detectors under water C detectors
– Array of 1200 μ detectors buried water C detectors
• Cosmic Ray Detector Array for CRs >30TeV
– Array of 24 C-telescopes
– Array of 400 burst detectors
Large High Altitude Air Shower
Observatory
Charge
Particle
Arrayμdetector
Array
Water CArray
LHAASO Project: γastronomy and origin of CR
Wide FOVC-Telescope
Array&
Core DetectorArray
CARR, CARIF,SSRF and CSNS
in Beijing and Guangzhou and
LHC Experiment, China Deep
Underground Lab in Jinping
China Advanced Research Reactor
CARR• Engineering approved
in 2002
• Civil engineering finished in 2005
• Reactor core finished in 2007
• First critical in 2010
• Multipurpose, high performance
• Light water cooling, heavy water reflecting,
• 60MW, neutron flux8×1014
n/cm2·s, one of the world level
• Will reach full power by the end of 2011
SSRF (Shanghai synchrotron radiation facilities)
in Shanghai
Commissioned in April 2009!
CSNS (Chinese Spallation Neutron Source) in
Guangdong
LHC Experiments
1. CMS – 1/3 of CSC at muon end caps (IHEP)
– RPC of barrel muon (Beijing Univ.)
– Physics and MC
2. Atlas – Drift Monitor chambers (IHEP)
– TGC (Shandong Univ.)
– Physics and MC
3. LCG: Tier 2 with 2000 cores
4. LHCb: Tsinghua Univ.
5. Alice: CIAE…
48
Yalong river locates the west of Sichuan, with length of 1571km and drop height of 4420m. 21 Hydropower stations are planned, with total electricity of 30GW.
Yalong River and
Jingpin Hydropower station
China Deep Underground Lab. (CDUL)
at Jingpin mountain
600m
Soudan
USA
700m
Y2L
Korea800m
Canfranc
Spain
1000m
Kamioka
Japan
1100m
Boulby
England1400m
INO
India
1400m
LNGS
Italia1600m
Baksan
Russia
1500m
DUSEL
USA
2300m2000m
SNO
Canada
4700m
Modane
France
2500m
Jiping
China
Some Deep Underground Lab in the World
Tunnel
MineDeep Underground Lab
Conclusion
• Nuclear physics and Particle Physics in China
developed rapidly, driving by CSR, BRIF, CARR,
BEPCIII,LHC and other facilities and NSFC, MOST
• We highly concern to promote the development of
Nuclear physics and Particle Physics
• We hope to receive more applications for new ideas for
physics and have more young researches in this area
• we would like to collaborate with major foreign research
groups and world labs to take their full research
potential and to do cooperative effort in dealing with
experimental and technical challenges
