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Mustard seedBlack mustard

• االسود الخردل

• :Origin dried ripe seeds of

Brassica nigra :Family cruciferae

)Brassicaceae(

• االسود الخردل

• Origin: dried ripe seeds of

Brassica nigra Family: cruciferae

)Brassicaceae(

White mustard

• االبيض الخردل

• :Origindried ripe seeds of

Brassica alba : Family cruciferae

)Brassicaceae(

• االبيض الخردل

• Origin: dried ripe seeds of

Brassica alba Family : cruciferae

)Brassicaceae(

Mustard seedBlack mustard White mustard

Shape Spherical or nearly spherical

Size Smaller larger

Color Reddish brown yellow

Odor - Dry : odorless- Crushed with H2O : Pungent

No pungent odor even when crushed

Taste bitter , rapidly becomes pungent Pungent

Surface - Minutely pitted- Network reticulation

Minutely pitted

Mustard seedBlack mustardWhite mustard

Hilum Paler in color

Micropyle Adjacent to the hilum

Raphe Absent

Kind Ex-albuminous

Absent

Absent

Perisperm

Endosperm

Hilum

Radicle

2 cotyledonsTesta

T-Cut in Black mustardRadicle

2 cot.

Orthoplocus: Two cotyledons are folded along their

midrib and radicle is bent, facing one

cotyledon.

Q : Embryo ???

MidribTesta

Q ? Hilum is adjacent to Micropyle and No raphe, Ovule ????Campylotropous: ovule bent upon itself, funicle, chalaza & micropyle close to one another, no raphe & nucellus curved.

Mustard seed

Hilum

Micropyle

Chalaza

Funicle

Sclerieds

Giant cell

Black Mustard White Mustard

T. S.Epidermis

Pigment layer

Collenchyma

Powder of Black mustard

Color : Pale brown.

Odor : slight odor when dry and become pungent when crushed with H2O

Taste : bitter , rapidly becomes pungent

Powder of Black mustard

Polygonal Network

Powder of Black mustard

Pigment cells

Histochemical tests of Black Mustard

• Sudan III red )due to fixed oil in embryo(

• Picric acid Yellow )due to protein in embryo(

• Ruthenium red rose red )due to mucilage in epidermis(

Nutmeg seedsالطيب جوز بذور

Nutmeg seedsالطيب جوز بذور

Dried ripe seeds of Myristica fragrans Houtt family Myristicaceae , deprived of its arillus and testa and with or without a thin coat of lime.

Groove ) position of raphe (

Position of H. & M.

Position of Chalaza

) Anatropous !!! () Anatropous !!! (

Removal of testa and arillus

Ovoid with numerous small dark brown points , lines and reticulately-furrowed

Greyish brown color.

Strong aromatic characteristic odor.

Aromatic pungent taste.

Description of the KernelKernel = perisperm + endosperm + embryo.

Description of the KernelKernel = perisperm + endosperm + embryo.

Outer perisperm

Inner perisperm

endosperm

embryo

L - cut

T - cut

Perisperm : present , thin dark brown penetrating to the endosperm giving marbelled or ruminated appearance.

Endosperm : present , greyish brown

Powder NutmegPowder Nutmeg

Color : reddish yellow to reddish brown

Odor : strong aromatic and characteristic

Taste : aromatic pungent

outer perisperm

K - acid tartarate

Inner perisperm

Oil cell

Aleurone grain( crystalloid !!! )

Starch granulesTannin idioblast

Fat crystals !!!!(50% chloral hydrate)

endosperm

Fat globule

vessels

Histochemical tests of Nutmeg powderHistochemical tests of Nutmeg powder

I2 - blue ) starch ( - yellowish brown ) protein (

Sudan III Red )oil globules(FeCl3 green color ) tannins (


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