Microstructured ProductsCHEMICAL PRODUCT ENGINEERING ASEP MUHAMAD SAMSUDIN

Chemical Products

Commodities Chemical Devices Molecular Products

Microstructures Products

Examples Ethylene, ammonia Artificial kidneys Penicillin Sunscreen

Scale Continuum Meters Nanometers Micrometers

Key Cost Convenience Discovery Function

Basis Reaction Engineering, Unit operations

Reaction Engineering, Unit operations

Chemistry Recipe

Risk Feedstock Intellectual Property Discovery Science

Cussler and Moggridge

Cussler EL, Moggridge GD. Chemical product design. 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2011.

Based on the characteristic size scale which is critical to their performance

Critical size of Chemical Products

Introduction

“Microstructure” mean chemical organization on the scale of micrometer

Product with microstructure supply added value because of the physical and chemical properties of the microstructure.

The Microstructures help the customer satisfy a specific need.

For the microstructured products, the most difficult step in design is needs step.

Microstructured Products by Industrial Sector

Product Form Aerosols Liquids and Liquid mixtures

Cream and Pastes

Structured Solids

Specialty Chemicals

Bug Sprays, Spray Paints

Degreasers, Lube additives

Adhesives, Anti-icers

Polymer Composites

Agrochemicals Herbicides, Insecticides

Liquid Fertilizer Dairy Cleaners

Controlled release Chemicals

Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare Products

Inhalants Syrups Anti-itch cream

Dietary Supplements

Foods, Flavors, and Fragrances

Perfume, cooking spray (PAM)

Juices, Cooking Oil Ice Cream, Ketchup

Margarines, Candies

Personal Care Product, Cosmetics

Hair sprays, deodorants

Shampoos, Liquid Detergents

Sunscreen, toothpaste

Solid Detergents, Soaps

Home and Office Products

Air Fresheners, Ink, Waxes Paper, Packaging

Aerosols

Liquids and Liquid mixtures

Cream and Pastes

Structured Solid

Properties of Microstructures

The physical and chemical properties of microstructures vary widely, partially because their ingredients vary widely.

Fluids are characterized by their viscosity, and solid by their Young’s modulus and yield stress

The Physical properties of microstructured products are often very different to the properties of the ingredients from which they are made.

The physical properties of microstructured products are often complex. The complex properties are often simplified because the continuous phase dominates many of the physical properties. E.g. Sun cream.

Many microstructured products change their structured during use. E.g. Ice cream, paint.

Properties of Microstructures

Properties of Microstructures

Example : Liquid Bandages

Any bandages must meet three chief needs : they must keep out bacteria and debris,

they must maintain a proper moisture balance, allowing the cut to dry,

they must reduce paint by covering nerve ending.

What microstructure should they have?

Solution

To keeping Cut clean : It must not have any pores larger than the size of bacterium, around 1 µm.

To allow water evaporation : it should have a resistance to water transport which is less than the resistance air surrounding the wound.

To reduce pain : The liquid bandages solution should contain an approved disinfectant, like iodine and use willow sap, which includes salicylic acid, the active part of aspirin

Get Started

The microstructured product design involve two key steps. The need of product must be expressed as quantitative

specification.

The need will be expressed as consumer desires.

Get Started

Evaluate consumer need

Relate this needs to Particular Physical properties

Specify the desire values of these physical properties

Need Vs. Physical Properties

Answer three question How to tell when two properties are related?

Choose the best descriptors

Discover relation between the best descriptors and relevant combination of physical properties.

Specifications