Transcript
Page 1: Mapping Philanthropy: How You Can Use Data Visualization to Do Good

Mapping Philanthropy:

How You Can Use Data Visualization to Do Good

Page 2: Mapping Philanthropy: How You Can Use Data Visualization to Do Good

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Mapping Philanthropy:

How You Can Use Data Visualization to Do Good

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Presenters

Kyla HuntTechSoupFacilitator

George FordFoundation Center

Presenter

Assisting with chat: Becky Wiegand

Jake GarciaFoundation Center

Presenter

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• Jake Garcia: Visualizing Philanthropy• George Ford: Foundation Directory Online• Questions from the audience

Agenda

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Poll Questions

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Visualizing Philanthropy:Methods for Obtaining, Curating, and Visualizing Data

to Reveal Trends in Philanthropic Funding

March 29, 2012

Jake GarciaGIS Web DeveloperFoundation CenterNew York, NY

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The Foundation Center

Leading source of information about philanthropy worldwide

• Information on more than 105,000 global foundations, corporate donors, and grantmaking public charities

• Database of 4.6 million grants

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The Foundation Center

Aims to enhance grantmaker and nonprofit effectiveness through shared information and understanding• Research reports and advisories on giving trends

• Mapping tools

• Custom, issue-based portals—Economic crisis, U.S. education, funding after the Haiti earthquake

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It starts with Open Data…

In regard to U.S.-based philanthropy, our datasets originate from tax forms that foundations submit to the U.S. government.

The government, in turn, makes the completed forms available to the public.

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… but the data requires curation.

Data extractionOccasionally requires optical character recognition (OCR)

Data coding • Internal subject taxonomy includes 1,100 codes• Recipient type• Population codes• Location of recipients as well as location of projects

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Goals for visualizing grant data

Show the flow of $ from foundations to non-profits/NGOs.

Identify trends, gaps, or concentration of funding.

Place funding flows in context.

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Open data sources

Data by region:World Bank—data.worldbank.orgU.S. government—data.gov

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) files:geo.data.govdata.geocomm.comnaturalearthdata.com

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Problems with data

Grants data

Incomplete grant descriptions

Imprecise geographic definitions

Re-granting

Sample grant record

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Problems in data visualization

Correlation is not causation.

“Modifiable Area Unit Problem” (MAUP) and “Ecological Fallacy”

Need to compare apples to apples, requires taxonomical rigor

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Problems in data visualization

It’s too easy to lie with maps (and charts).See Monmonier, M. 1996. How to Lie with Maps. U. of Chicago.; and Tufte, E. 2001. The Visual Display of Quantitative Information. Graphics Press.

Consider cartographic rules of thumb.E.g., use bubbles for raw figures, choropleth (polygon shading) only for ratios.

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Trends in U.S. philanthropy

An API exists for this data.

Aggregated dataU.S. foundation assets increased across the board in 1997.

Glasspockets.org/

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Trends in U.S. philanthropy

An API exists for this data.

Aggregated dataU.S. foundation assets decreased across the board in 2008.

Glasspockets.org/

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Trends in U.S. philanthropy

An API exists for this data.

Aggregated dataComparing trends among grant recipients per state.

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Trends in U.S. philanthropy

An API exists for this data.

Aggregated dataComparing trends among grant recipients by subject.

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Trends in international philanthropy

Specific regions/topicsNumber of grants intended for projects in Haiti, 2005 to 2011

An API exists for this data.

foundationcenter.org/haiti

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An API exists for this data.

Specific regions/topics:Haiti, grant $, each subject

(not including funding for Safety/Disasters)

foundationcenter.org/haiti

Trends in international philanthropy

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An API exists for this data.

Specific regions/topics:Haiti, grant $, each subject

(including funding for Safety/Disasters)

foundationcenter.org/haiti

Trends in international philanthropy

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Combining data sets

FC and World Bank dataNo Ag/Forestry project funding in Angola, 2001 to 2007

This app uses the World Bank’s data API.http://gis.foundationcenter.org/worldmap/index.php

2003 2005 2007

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Combining data sets

FC, World Bank, and OECD dataFunding for water, sanitation, and hygiene worldwide

This app uses the World Bank’s data API (referencing JMP’s data).

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Combining data sets

FC, World Bank, and OECD dataOECD funding for WASH projects

This includes OECD’s data, which is open but is not available via API.

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Combining data sets

FC, World Bank, and OECD dataViewing a country profile with multiple data sources: Kenya

This includes data from the World Bank’s data API, as well as OECD’s data, which is open but is not available via API.

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Combining data sets

FC and OECD dataViewing funding details: Kenya

This includes OECD’s data, which is open but is not available via API.

Grant records

OECD funding

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Next steps for APIs

International Aid Transparency Initiative (IATI)Providing data in a common format, with a codified structure and taxonomy

PartnershipsWorking with the World Bank and others to establish geocoding standards for tracking international projects (e.g., Haiti)

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Prototype application: HAITI AIDU.S. foundation grants and World Bank projects, Haiti, 2005-2011

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maps.worldbank.org

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maps.worldbank.org

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AIDDATA.ORG

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Examplesof data visualization applications

OpenLayers*ESRI

GeoServer*Google MapsMapServer*

ESRIQGIS*uDig*

GRASS*GeoDa*

R*

Emprise JS Charts*Google Charts

Rafael*Highcharts*

jQuery Sparklines*d3.js

R*, SPSS, SASExcel

Photoshop/Illustrator

Mapping

Charting

Web Desktop

* open source

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Takeaway #1

4.6 million grants from 105,000 foundations, and counting, accessible via dozens of data products, some of which are free and available via APIs.

The Foundation Center has extensive data on US and international philanthropy.

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Takeaway #2

Good data visualization requires good data.Good data requires curation.

+ curation = clean data

Also, it’s too easy to mislead an audience (and yourself) by using quickly mashed-up or un-vetted data—be careful out there!

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Takeaway #3

Focus on the meaning of the data, not just on how cool it looks:

-- is it accurate?

-- did it help sustain the author’s argument?

-- did it help you (or anyone else) make a decision?

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Contact

[email protected]

Jake GarciaGeographerFoundation Center79 Fifth AvenueNew York, NY 10003

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Mapping Grants: Using data visualization features in Foundation Directory Online to research funding prospects

George FordProduct ManagerFoundation CenterNew York, NY

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Foundation Directory Online

• Over 100,000 grantmakers and 2.4 million grants

• Search funders, grants, companies, 990s, and more

• Save searches, tag records, export results lists

• Detailed funder portfolios• Interactive grant maps

and charts

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FDO Maps & Charts

Grantmaker-specific grant maps and charts • See a funder’s grants from 2003 through 2012

• View by year, grant subject, or recipient type

• Drill down to sub-levels, get recipient lists, and view grant records

• Tools – copy map/chart images, generate PDFs, and export tabular data to spreadsheet

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On the Horizon: Geographic Area Served data

Not just where the recipient organization is headquartered, but where the beneficiaries are.

Map views:Continent; int’l region, country, domestic (U.S.) regions, states

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Contact

[email protected]

George FordProduct Manager, Online Subscription ServicesFoundation Center79 Fifth AvenueNew York, NY 10003

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Questions

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• The Foundation Center is the leading source of information about philanthropy worldwide. Through data, analysis, and training we connect people who want to change the world to the resources they need to succeed.

Who is the Foundation Center?

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Who is TechSoup?• TechSoup is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization.• As of June 2010, TechSoup served more than

127,000 organizations, distributed more than 6.3 million technology donations, and enabled nonprofit recipients to save more than $1.8 billion in IT expenses in 33 countries around the world.

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TechSoup is part of TechSoup Global, is working towards the day when every

nonprofit, library, and social benefit organization on the planet has the

technology, knowledge, and resources they need to operate at their full potential.

Who is TechSoup?

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