Mandibular major Mandibular major connectorsconnectors

Dr.Mohammad Al SayedDr.Mohammad Al Sayed

7 / 3 / 14297 / 3 / 1429

Design specificationDesign specification

11--The superior borders are placed at least 3 mm The superior borders are placed at least 3 mm from the gingival margins. where a 3 mm from the gingival margins. where a 3 mm cannot be obtained so, the metal should cannot be obtained so, the metal should extend onto the cingula of anterior teeth or onto extend onto the cingula of anterior teeth or onto

the lingual surfaces of posterior teeththe lingual surfaces of posterior teeth . .22--The inferior border should not interfere with the The inferior border should not interfere with the

soft tissue movement of the floor of the mouthsoft tissue movement of the floor of the mouth . .33--Relief of the tissue surface of the major Relief of the tissue surface of the major

connector is required to prevent tissue connector is required to prevent tissue impingement at rest or during functionimpingement at rest or during function . .

44--The metal should be highly polished on the The metal should be highly polished on the tissue side to minimize plaque accumulationtissue side to minimize plaque accumulation . .

Types of mandibular major Types of mandibular major connectorsconnectors

I-lingual barI-lingual bar..

II-sublingual barII-sublingual bar..

III-double lingual barIII-double lingual bar..

IV-lingual plateIV-lingual plate..

V-labial barV-labial bar..

I-Lingual I-Lingual barbar..

IndicationIndication::It is the first choice major connector, should be used It is the first choice major connector, should be used whenever the functional depth of the lingual vestibule whenever the functional depth of the lingual vestibule equal or exceed 8mmequal or exceed 8mm..DesignDesign::

11..the bar should be half pear-shaped in cross section. the bar should be half pear-shaped in cross section. superior inferior dimension is 5 mm ,and 2 mm in superior inferior dimension is 5 mm ,and 2 mm in thicknessthickness..

22..the superior border of the bar should be located at least 3 the superior border of the bar should be located at least 3 mm from the gingival margins of all adjacent teethmm from the gingival margins of all adjacent teeth..

33..the inferior border placed at the functional depth of the the inferior border placed at the functional depth of the lingual vestibulelingual vestibule..

44..relif of the tissue surface of the bar is necessaryrelif of the tissue surface of the bar is necessary

AdvantagesAdvantages::11..the simplest mandibular major connector with the simplest mandibular major connector with

highest patient acceptancehighest patient acceptance..22..it does not cover the teeth or the gingival it does not cover the teeth or the gingival

tissuestissues

disadvantagesdisadvantages::If it is not properly designed it may not be rigidIf it is not properly designed it may not be rigid..

22..Sublingual barSublingual bar

IndicationsIndications::

When the lingual bar cannot be used because the When the lingual bar cannot be used because the of a lack of functional depth of the lingual of a lack of functional depth of the lingual vestibulevestibule..

DesignDesign::

11..The sublingual bar is essentially a lingual bar The sublingual bar is essentially a lingual bar rotated horizontally rotated horizontally..

22..The superior border of the bar should be located The superior border of the bar should be located at least 3 mm from the gingival margins of all at least 3 mm from the gingival margins of all

adjacent teeth adjacent teeth . .

AdvantagesAdvantages::

11..It does not covers the teeth or tissuesIt does not covers the teeth or tissues..

22..More rigid than a lingual bar in the horizontal More rigid than a lingual bar in the horizontal plane plane..

DisadvantagesDisadvantages::

A functional impression of the vestibule is required A functional impression of the vestibule is required to accurately register the position and contour of to accurately register the position and contour of the vestibulethe vestibule..

33..The double lingual barThe double lingual bar::IndicationsIndications::

11..When indirect retention is requiredWhen indirect retention is required..22..When periodontally affected teeth that require When periodontally affected teeth that require

splinting are present splinting are present..DesignDesign::

11..It is made of two bars; cingulam bar (Kennedy bar) and It is made of two bars; cingulam bar (Kennedy bar) and the conventional lingual bar. A rigid minor connector at the conventional lingual bar. A rigid minor connector at the embrasure between the canine and first premolars the embrasure between the canine and first premolars joins the two bars. Rests are placed at each end of the joins the two bars. Rests are placed at each end of the upper bar attached to the minor connectorupper bar attached to the minor connector..

22..The lower bar has the same design as a single lingual The lower bar has the same design as a single lingual bar bar..

33..The upper bar is scalloped, and half-oval in cross section The upper bar is scalloped, and half-oval in cross section (2-3 mm high, and 1 mm thick at its greatest diameter (2-3 mm high, and 1 mm thick at its greatest diameter..

AdvantagesAdvantages::

11..Provides indirect retentionProvides indirect retention..

22..Contributes to horizontal stabilizationContributes to horizontal stabilization..

33..No gingival margin coverageNo gingival margin coverage..

DisadvantagesDisadvantages::

11..Tongue annoyanceTongue annoyance..

22..Food impaction if the upper bar is not in intimate Food impaction if the upper bar is not in intimate contact with the teeth contact with the teeth..

44..Lingual plateLingual plate

IndicationsIndications::

11..When the functional depth of the lingual When the functional depth of the lingual vestibule (less than 5mm) is not enough for vestibule (less than 5mm) is not enough for

bar placement bar placement . .

22..When future loss of natural teeth is anticipated to When future loss of natural teeth is anticipated to facilitate addition of artificial teeth to the partial facilitate addition of artificial teeth to the partial denture denture..

33..When splinting of anterior teeth is requiredWhen splinting of anterior teeth is required..

44..When lingual tori is presentWhen lingual tori is present..

DesignDesign::

11..It consists of a pear shaped lingual bar with a It consists of a pear shaped lingual bar with a thin metal extending upward from the superior thin metal extending upward from the superior border of the bar onto the lingual surfaces of border of the bar onto the lingual surfaces of

the teeth above the cingula and survey linesthe teeth above the cingula and survey lines . .

22..In extension base partial denture the lingual In extension base partial denture the lingual plates should have a rest on each side to plates should have a rest on each side to prevent labial movement of the teeth prevent labial movement of the teeth..

33..There should be adequate blockout and relief of There should be adequate blockout and relief of the soft tissue undercuts, undercuts in the the soft tissue undercuts, undercuts in the proximal areas of the teeth, the free gingival proximal areas of the teeth, the free gingival margins and pear shaped barmargins and pear shaped bar..

AdvantagesAdvantages::

11..The most rigid mandibular major connectorThe most rigid mandibular major connector..

22..It gives indirect retention to the partial dentureIt gives indirect retention to the partial denture..

33..Deflect food from impacting on lingual tissuesDeflect food from impacting on lingual tissues..

44..Provide resistance against horizontal or lateral Provide resistance against horizontal or lateral forcesforces..

55..Permits the replacement of lost teeth without Permits the replacement of lost teeth without remaking the partial dentureremaking the partial denture..

66..Help in splinting and prevent upper-eruption of Help in splinting and prevent upper-eruption of the anterior teeththe anterior teeth..

DisadvantagesDisadvantages::

Covers more teeth and gingival tissues than other Covers more teeth and gingival tissues than other mandibular major connectorsmandibular major connectors..

55..Labial barLabial barIndicationsIndications::

11..When the mandibular teeth are so severely When the mandibular teeth are so severely inclined lingually as to prevent the use of inclined lingually as to prevent the use of lingual major connector lingual major connector..

22..When large lingual tori exist and their removal is When large lingual tori exist and their removal is contraindicated contraindicated..DesignDesign::

11..It is a half pear shaped bar, runs across the It is a half pear shaped bar, runs across the mucosa labial to the anterior teeth mucosa labial to the anterior teeth..

22..Labial vestibule should be adequate to allow the Labial vestibule should be adequate to allow the superior border to be placed at least 3 mm superior border to be placed at least 3 mm

below the free gingival marginsbelow the free gingival margins . .33..Relief is required beneath the barRelief is required beneath the bar . .

AdvantagesAdvantages::

It solves the problem of severely inclined teeth and It solves the problem of severely inclined teeth and avoids surgical intervention to remove large avoids surgical intervention to remove large torustorus..

DisadvantagesDisadvantages::

11..It tends to lack rigidity since it is considerably It tends to lack rigidity since it is considerably longer than a lingual bar longer than a lingual bar . .

22..The least comfortable mandibular major The least comfortable mandibular major connector connector . .