Transcript
Page 1: Liam Masson's ecological succession flipbook!

Ecological Succession FlipbookThe process of growth, from rock to forest!

By Liam Masson

Science 10, Block 4

November 24, 2013

Page 2: Liam Masson's ecological succession flipbook!

Bare Rock

Lava is cooled and produces bare rock.

This volcanic rock has no traces of life on it.

Additional info to include about this stage:-No soil.-No biodiversity.-Zero trophic levels present.-No niches.-No nutrient recycling

At this early stage, no plants or animals are present.

These large masses of bare rock came from recently erupted volcanoes on the northern coast of British Columbia. Although it is little known to the general

public, B.C. is home to a huge area of volcanoes and volcanic activity in the Pacific Ring of Fire.

Page 3: Liam Masson's ecological succession flipbook!

Stage 1: Pioneer Species

Primary Succession

Lichen!This previously uninhabited

rock acts as a home for lichen that soon finds its way almost

immediately after the rock cools.

A close-up view of lichen living on rocks, slowly breaking them down into soil.

-Soil: At this stage the soil is very shallow. Barely any!-Biodiversity? Very low biodiversity. Just lichen.-Trophic levels present: Just one primary producer.-Niches: Very little, simple niches.-Nutrient Recycling? Minimal nutrient recycling.

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Stage 2: Early Colonizers

Primary SuccessionSmall organisms,

plants and insects are present during this

stage.

Insects and plants, such as mosses, begin to grow, die, and decay, adding

more nutrients to the soil.

-Soil is still pretty shallow, but contains enough nutrients for small plants and insects.-Low species diversity.-Only two trophic levels.-Few and simple niches.-Simple and little nutrient recycling

Grasshoppers, Flies and small shrubs like these may be seen in this level of primary succession.

Primary consumer Primary consumer Primary producer

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Stage 3: OpportunistsPrimary Succession

Larger shrubs, bushes, and insects, as well as some smaller animals would be seen at this stage of succession.

As more organisms die and decompose, the soil gains more nutrients and can hold more water. This attracts new

species and creates larger biodiversity in the area.

-Soil: Soil is medium depth.-Species diversity? Medium species diversity.-Trophic levels: 2, producers, primary consumers.-Niches? Some. Still quite simple, though.-Nutrient recycling? Medium, effective.

Red Huckleberry(Primary producer)

Douglas squirrel(PrimaryConsumer)

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Stage 4: Mature Forest/Climax Community

Primary Succession

Primary succession is complete!Animals find their way to the ecosystem

in search of an area with low competition. Coniferous trees germinate

and shade out the smaller, deciduous trees. A wide diversity of plants and

animals are introduced and a mature community develops.

-Soil? Soil is rich and deep.-species diversity? High biodiversity.-trophic levels present? 4 trophic levels: Producers, Primary consumers, Secondary consumers and Tertiary consumers.-niches? Many complex niches.-nutrient recycling? Good, efficient.

Douglas fir(Producer)

Black slug(Primary consumer)

Douglas squirrel(Primary consumer)

Raccoon(Secondary consumer)

Grizzly bear(Tertiary consumer)

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Pine beetle infestation!Disturbance

A Pine beetle infestation is introduced into the ecosystem.

This causes plants and trees to die very quickly. Since the plants that the

pine beetles kill are primary producers, every trophic level is

affected.

-What is the soil like after the disturbance? After the infected trees die and decompose, the remaining nutrients in the tree are absorbed into the soil.-Species diversity? As animals begin to die out, biodiversity decreases.-Trophic levels: 3:Primary consumers will soon starve, which will kill off the secondary and tertiary consumers.-Niches? Diminishing, simple.-Nutrient recycling? Large amounts of nutrients are released.

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Secondary Succession

After a few hundred years, the secondary succession will have

completed, and a climax community will develop once again..

Because of the nutrient-rich soil left from the previous

climax community, the ecological succession can

easily and quickly take place once again.

-Soil: Very rich.-Species diversity? Low-Trophic levels: 1, Primary producers.-Niches? Few, simple.-Nutrient recycling? Little nutrient recycling.

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Sources

Wikipedia-Red Huckleberryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccinium_parvifolium

Wikipedia-Geography of B.C.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_British_Columbia

Wikipedia-British Columbia volcanoeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_British_Columbia#Volcanoes

Animals of British Columbiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Canada

BC Science 10 textbookSection 3.1

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