Download - Leadership Ppt r
1
Leadership
2
Learning Objectives
What is leadership? Example of Leadership Characteristics of Leadership Difference between Management and
Leadership Qualities of Leadership Importance of Leadership Functions of Leadership Theories of Leadership Types of Leadership Problems under different types of Leadership Conclusion
What Is Leadership?
Leader-: Is a person who can influence the behavior of others without having rely on force- that is person accepted by others as Leader
3
4
Example of Leadership
ADOLF HITLER
Leadership Qualities Many Followers Continuing Process Transform Potential into Reality Responsibility
5
Characteristics of Leadership
Followers Ideal Conduct Continuing Process Responsibility Harmony of Interests Management Part Influence Others Transform Potential into reality
6
Difference between Management and Leadership
Activity Management Leadership
Creating an agenda
Planning and Budgeting
Establishing Direction
Developing a human network to achieve that goal
Organizing and Staffing
Aligning People
Executing plans Controlling and problem solving
Motivating and inspiring
7
Difference between Management and Leadership
Activity Management Leadership
Outcomes Produces a degree of predictability
Produces change
Cont….
8
Qualities of leadership
The success of any organization depends upon the leadership who possesses required qualities, it can easily attain its desired objectives. Various scholars have mentioned different qualities but leadership must possess some qualities.
9
Qualities of a good leader
Intelligence competence Self confidence Patience Capacity to take decisions Sense of responsibility Ability to motivate Ability to communicate Mental ability Flexibility Integrity
10
Importance of Leadership
Basis of cooperation between organization and personnel
Direction of group efforts Development of the spirit of coordination Source of Motivation To convert management into social process To facilitate execution Helpful in introducing change For the success of the organization
11
Functions of Leadership
To define organizational objective To incorporate the objective in organizational
framework To guide and initiate action To understand the feelings and problems of his
subordinate To secure cooperation To maintain discipline To provide effective communication To maintain the identity of the organization To develop morality among the group To represent the organization.
12
THEORIES OF
LEADERSHIP
13
TRAIT THEORY
Successful leader - possess certain traits a) Physical b) Mental c) Moral “Leaders are born not made”
Criticism :-Situational factors More important qualityCan be acquired as well
14
SITUATION THEORY
Situation – Favorable :- Effective
Situation – Unfavorable:- Ineffective
Criticism:-How to make effective leader so that success can be guaranteed.
15
FOLLOWER APPROACH THEORY
Consider the personality of the follower. OR Learn nature of followers Successful leader – one who strives to satisfy different needs of the follower like a) Physiological b) Security c) Social d) Ego and confidence related needs.
16
BEHAVIORAL APPROACH THEORY
Emphasis on behavior of leader.
Effectiveness- What the leader does?
17
FUNCTIONAL APPROACH
Study of individual and situation.
Study leader as a group not as an individual
18
X AND Y THEORY
X theory :- individual is unwilling to work Fear ,reprimands and step by step directions are necessary to make people work.
Y theory :- individual works according to his own free will
Theory Y should be adopted so that individual get proper opportunities to use their 1. Imaginative power2. Intelligence3. Initiative and other ability.
19
TYPES OF
LEADERSHIP
20
Power Based Leadership Style
21
Autocratic
Quick decision & Centralised power Downward communication Formal relationship with employees Strict control and negative cohesive De-motivation, low morale and low
productivity May be valuable in business where
decisions need to be made quickly or employees are less capable.
22
Autocratic
Examples 1. Hitler 2. Saddam Hussein
Leader
AB C
D
23
Democratic
Decision making through consultation Improves the quality of decision Decentralised authority Employees participation in
management High motivation and high morale High efficiency and productivity Development of employees &
enterprise Delay in decision making
24
Democratic Democratic
B
C D
LEADER
A
Examples 1. Bill Gates 2. Mahatma Gandhi
25
Laissez-Faire orFree-rein Leadership
‘Leave it be’ – the leadership responsibilities are shared by all employees
All decision are taken by subordinates independently
Full faith and trust on subordinates Provide high level motivation Open and free communication Helpful in expansion of enterprise Decision making time-consuming May be suitable where employees are
highly educated and competent
26
Free rein Free rein Free rein Leadership
A
B
C
D
Leader
27
Result Based Leadership Style
28
Employee Oriented Leadership
Maximum importance is given to followers.
Focus on organizing and developing employees
Helps in motivation Employees are loyal towards enterprise. Improve job satisfaction and morale Create congenial environment and
provide quick solution to complaints.
29
Production Oriented Leadership
Focus on increase in productivity Control on quantity & cost of production Adopt new techniques of production Low morale Create feeling of insecurity & instability
30
Factors Affecting Style
Leader's own preference Types of employees-capable or not. Type of business organisation– creative
business or supply driven. How important change is –
change for change’s sake? Nature of the task – needing
cooperation? Direction? Structure?
31
Different problems in different style of Leadership
Distance from followers Angry by nature Instability in behavior No knowledge of human nature Lack of foresightedness
32
Inferiority complex Inability in presenting his outlook Priority to monetary incentives Inability to get cooperation Lack of qualities of leadership
Cont….
33
Conclusion
Leaders must be flexible able to adopt any style by the situation.
Leadership is best in an organization where leader is not required at all.
Leaders should have trust on his followers.