John Womersley

Particle Physics in CCLRCParticle Physics in CCLRC

John Womersley

Director of Particle Physics, CCLRC

Zeuthen

May 2006

John Womersley

• The “constellation” of smaller national laboratories forms an important pillar of European particle physics

– amplifiers for the national programmes – allow researchers to do more: detector construction, engineering

expertise, computing, project management, test beams…– many labs have a broader mission: opportunity for synergies and

connections with non-PP applications

• To do this the laboratories must flourish as centres of scientific thought– places that the best physicists will want to work at– centres of gravity for the national programmes and sources of

leadership, when and where appropriate

• Particle Physics at RAL– roughly 100 people in PP department, plus engineering,

instrumentation, accelerator, computing in other parts of the lab– total budget ~ £29M, almost all through PPARC, peer reviewed as part

of the UK grants process– Good connections with rest of laboratory and UK university groups

John Womersley

ATLASATLAS

Semiconductor Tracker

Major components of the tracker designed and built at RAL

All three levels of the Trigger system

Final Barrel assembly at CERNSeptember 2005

Barrel at RAL

ATLAS mid 2005

Trigger cabling in progress

Project leadership for

first level calorimeter

trigger

John Womersley

CMSCMS

Electromagnetic Calorimeter Endcaps

• Leadership of project• Design/construction• Photodetectors & HV

Tracker Readout Electronics

• System design• ASIC & board design• Firmware & control S/W

PbWO4 crystals

VPT

~ 14,500 assemblies(~12,000 VPT delivered)

~ 450 ‘FED’ VME Modules

Each reading out 25,000 Si strips

(~ 100 FED delivered)

Testing photodetectors in a magnetic field

FED Module

John Womersley

BaBar at SLACBaBar at SLAC

Physics analysisPhysics analysis

Run control(also to be used in ATLAS, LHCb)

Run control(also to be used in ATLAS, LHCb)

Simulation: 109 events/yearSimulation: 109 events/year

Trigger electronics upgradefor drift chamber

Trigger electronics upgradefor drift chamber

Front end cap calorimeter

Front end cap calorimeter

John Womersley

LHCbLHCb

CCLRC role

Construction of Ring Imaging Čerenkov (RICH) detectors:

Engineering

Hybrid Photon Detector (HPD) testing

Detector Control Systems

Simulation and reconstruction software

Computing

infrastructure

Physics analysis

HPDs in test beam at CERN

Čerenkov rings in test beam

RICH2 ready for transport

LHCb cavern

John Womersley

LHC Computing and GridLHC Computing and Grid

• Building and operating the UK Particle Physics Grid in collaboration with GridPP and as part of the LHC Computing Grid and EGEE.

– About 30 people altogether • UK Tier-1/A Facility

– operated by E-science centre & PPD staff

– ~1000 CPU, 220 TB disk– 1.2 PB tape (0.2 used)– Network to CERN

(10Gb/s in 2006)• SouthGrid

– Tier-2 node in PPD• Middleware engineering• Security• Grid Operations (joint with ESC)

– for UK/Ireland– 1 of 6 global operations sites

• Experiment integration & support

Number of concurrent jobs, Summer 2005

RAL planning a new computer

building

John Womersley

The International Linear ColliderThe International Linear Collider

• CCLRC is strongly involved • Significant accelerator work

– Final focus, beam delivery system• ASTeC• New UK Accelerator Institutes

• Detector work– LCFI– Ramping up effort in CALICE

• LCFI: R&D for linear collider vertex detector

• Identify heavy quark jets– e.g. Higgs bb,cc

• RAL group has a central role– Mechanical studies– Sensor development– Physics studies

John Womersley

Neutron Electric Dipole MomentNeutron Electric Dipole Moment

• Cryogenic apparatus at ILL in Grenoble

– Sussex, RAL, Oxford, Kure, ILL• Builds on previous successful

experiment– world’s best limit 3 10-26 e cm

• Installation underway; start running next summer

• Goal is sensitivity of few 10-28 e cm (by 2009)

goal

• A permanent neutron EDM requires Parity and Time Reversal Violation

• T Violation implies CP Violation• In the Standard Model

– dn< 10-31 e cm

Supersymmetry at the EW scale

– dn< 10-25 e cm

Complementary to accelerator supersymmetry searches

John Womersley

Dark MatterDark Matter

• Dark Matter low rate, small energy deposits

– Very sensitive detectors– Well shielded– Underground to avoid

cosmic rays

CCLRC– Started UKDM programme – Developed and built Boulby facility– Designed and constructed series of

detectors– Currently running ZEPLIN II

• Liquid Xenon scintillation/ionisation detector

• Underground infrastructure– Project management and finance

control

Lord Sainsbury opens the Boulby Underground facility, 2003

ZEPLIN II liquid xenon detector in shield and associated gas system

Interactions in the xenon

John Womersley

Explore CP violationNeutrino Factory• Build community, international

scoping study design study • RAL is one credible site

Learn more about neutrino mixing angles (govern CP violation)

T2K• Secure a strong role in detector and

accelerator development and in physics analysis

• Build up UK neutrino community

MINOS• Operations

and analysis

The Neutrino ProgrammeThe Neutrino Programme

MICE• Demonstrate

muon cooling

Technology demonstration

John Womersley

MICEMICE

• To explore CP violation in the neutrino sector…

• Muon storage ring as a neutrino factory:

– requires storing muons within 2μs

– Ionisation cooling of the muon beam

– never been tried– MICE is the

technology demonstrator

• RAL is home to an international collaboration of ~150 physicists

• Installation starts later this year

• Aim for results by the end of the decade

4T solenoid& tracker

4T solenoid& tracker

Liquid hydrogen

Acceleratingcavities

µ

RF cavity test at Fermilab

MICE Hall

Tracker prototype at KEK

John Womersley

http://www.ost.gov.uk/policy/nextsteps.pdf

Changes coming in UK?Changes coming in UK?

John Womersley

Room to dream!Room to dream!

• ISIS• ISIS 1MW

upgrade• ESS-class 5MW

spallation source• Neutrino factory• Future multi-TeV

muon collider

Harwell Science and Innovation Campus

John Womersley

SummarySummary

• Current projects address fascinating and fundamental science questions• CCLRC is helping the UK to play key roles in the world programme

• Our priorities

1. scientific exploitation of LHC

2. R&D to prepare both for linear collider and for future neutrino facilities, with a decision time around the end of the decade

3. breadth of programme through smaller experiments where we can have a key impact

• CCLRC and PPARC have issued a joint statement indicating support for accelerator R&D. There will be a call for proposals (~ June) for the continuation of UK Linear Collider accelerator work, MICE phase II and for neutrino factory design study work.

John Womersley

• Any future model for a "strategy for European particle physics" should acknowledge the important role played by the smaller national labs

• There needs to be a careful balance between – the need to have everyone pulling in a coherent direction

• maximise effort– the need to maintain the freedom for labs to operate independently and

come up with new ideas and projects of their own• maximise creativity