Johann Amos Comenius 1592 - 1670
• • Schools of Infancy –first
years of life very important • Movement and Activity are
sure signs of Healthy Learning Experiences
• “School of the Mother’s Lap”
• Social Reform – educate the Poor, as well as the rich.
• Wrote the first picture for children called, “The World of Pictures”
.” “What is natural takes place without compulsion
John Locke 1632-1714
• Founder of Modern Education Philosophy
• Tabula Rasa, child is born neutral, rather than evil, a clean slate
• Purpose of education is to make man a reasoning creature
• Accommodate individual differences in learning
• Looks at the effect of the environment on learning
Jeanne Jacques Rousseau 1712-1778
• Tumultuous Life including the abandonment of his own 5 children
• Writes well known book entitled, Emile, describes the ideal early education of a child
• Believes that you should postpone education to 12 years
• Young children can learn all they need to know from the natural world around them
• Education should focus on sensory experience
• Children need to choose their learning experiences
• Believes in free play and the inherent goodness in children
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi 1746-1826
• Home Education • Swiss Educator • Integrated Curriculum • He wanted education to be of the hand, the head and the heart of the child
Itard 1775 – 1839
• Itard • 1775 – 1839
Hospital Surgeon, Toulon, France (1796)
Chief Physician, National Institution for Deaf-Mutes, Paris (1800-?)
His work with "The Wild Boy of Aveyron" lead to his being honored by the French Academy of Science
Frobel
• 1782 - 1852
Edward Sequin • 1812 – 1880
• Well known in America for introducing the physiological method.
• The belief that idiocy was caused by a degeneration of the central nervous system
• He believed strengthening the nervous system, would improve the person’s abilities of control.
• He felt that through the use of physical exercises and sensory development, the cognitive abilities of the developmentally disabled could be increased.
• www.people-inc.org
John Dewey
• 1859 - 1952
John Dewey • Dewey's areas of work included philosophy, psychology,
education, politics, and social thought. At an event in celebration of his 90th birthday, in 1949, Dewey described his life goal as the quest to obtain "a moderately clear and distinct idea of what the problems are that underlie the difficulties and evils which we experience in fact; that is to say, in practical life." This concern with the practical, socially responsible life is a key element of the philosophical concept of pragmatism, which Dewey explicated in many of his writings. Dewey is also considered to be a preeminent voice in American educational philosophy, with emphasis on what is generally called "progressive education."
Rudolf Steiner • 1861 – 1925 • German educator • Waldorf
Dr. Maria Montessori
• 1870 – 1952
Abigail Eliot
• 1892 – 1992 • Ruggles Street Nursery School • Still part of • Tufts University
Piaget
• 1896 – 1980 • Conservation Theory
Vygotsky • 1896 – 1934 • Soviet • Developed genetic
approach to the development of concepts in early childhood and youth,
• Traced the transition through a series of stages of human development,
• Based on the development of the child's social practice
