Introduction to trematoda

Assistanted Prof. Sheng

2. Digestive system ：Compose with mouth 、 pharynx 、esophagus 、 cecum

MORPHOLOGYMORPHOLOGY1. SHAPE ：

Leaf-shape 、 tong-shape ，

Oral sucker 、 ventral sucker

ovary 、 ootype 、Uterine tube Seminal receptacle 、 Laurer’s canal 、 Egg’model 、 Me’glands 、 Vitelline glands and uterus.

Strong , most of them are hermaphrodite

3. Reproductive system3. Reproductive system ：：

：

testes 、 efferent ductule 、 deferential duct 、 seminal vesicle 、 prostate 、 penis 、 packet of penis.

a. adult parasite in human being and mammal,worm parasite in aquatic animal (example:snail)

Life Life cyclecyclecomplication ：

b. Growing process include:

egg miracidium sporocyst redia cercaria

metacercaria Young worm adult

do you know what disease you will suffer from by eating raw fish and shrimb

Clonorchis sinensisClonorchis sinensis

morphology

1. adult

Shape:

Sucker:

Cecum:

Hermaphrodite:

2. eggShape :

Size:

Colour:

Egg shell:

Content:

operculum

Shoulder peak

miracidium

Verrucous thing

Life cycle

adult Egg Egg pass into water in feces

Egg are swallow by snail and hatch by it

miracidium sporocyst redia cercaria

All these stages grow in snail

metacercaria

Cercaria leave snail and eated by fresh-water fish

Man is infected byEating uncooked fish Young worm adult

Pathogenesis and clinical maniefstation

The pathogenesis

Adult’s mechanical destructionSecretion and excretion’s toxicity

It cause the sell of duct fall off and cause the sell have hyperplasia and inflammation

The tissue fibre The worm blockage

The duct wall become thick The ductBecome narrow

Duct blockageBile retention Duct expand

They cause liver sellAtrophy, necrosis and cirrhosis

cirrhosis

The diseases

Blockage icterus

Cholangitis and hepatitis

Cholelithiasis

cirrhosis

Liver duct cancer

Actute hemorrhagic necrosis of pancreas

Adult parasite in the bile

Adult crow in liver duct

Blockage icterus

Adult in the duct

cholelithiasis

cholelithiasis

Ascites and epigastric

Liver parm

Spider-shape vein

Liver duct cancer

Actute hemorrhagic necrosis of pancreas

dwarf

No symptom

Clinical manifestation

Most of them have no obvious symptom

Some feel tiredness ,hepatic enlargement, right upper quadrant mild pain ,abdominal pain ,anorexia, dizziness.

When it become serious the patient has ascites , unconscious and will die later.

Diagnosis

Dialogue about case histories:

a. Whether come from epedemiologic area

b. Whether have the habit of eating raw fresh water fish or shrimp

1.laboratory diagnosis : Detect eggs – make sure diagnosis

a. Stool examination

Direct amear methodNature sedimentation’methodFormalin –ether method

b. The duodenum secretion examination

2. Immunologic examination

IH test

IHA

ELISA

3. Ultrasonic wave examination

epidemiology

• Local epidemic

•Infective rate :1%~30%,some are 80%

•Epidemic area: Japan 、 Korea 、 Vinan 、 Thailand

China:

Epidemic factor:

Infective resource: patient and carrier , reservoir hostSpread way:egg pass into water in feces intermediate host exit ,people have the habit of eating raw fish or raw shrimb

Susceptible people : all people

treatment1.hygiene education

Do not eat raw fish or raw shrimbNot let cat eat raw fish or raw shrimb too

2.treat the patient and carrier

3. Not let the feces pass into the fresh-water

Now do you still dare

to eat the raw fish or r

aw shrimb ！？