• All film begins to be an idea.• The ideas are born by the

author.• The film idea and the theme is

the same.

The ideaThe idea

The plotThe plot• It is the idea’s development.• The person who writes it is called writer.• The plot is the same as action.• We usually can distinguish three parts:

1. The action’s approach.

2. The knot or development.

3. The ending.

• A work with a resolved end is called <closed work>.

• A work without a resolved end is called <opened work>.

The rhythmThe rhythm

• It is the dynamic impression given by the length of the shots, the dramatic intensity and the effects.

• Long shots create a slow rhythm.• Short shots create a quick rhythm.

KindsKinds

• Analytical: short sots and very numerous.• Synthetics: long shots and few in

number.• “In crescendo”: shots increasingly shorter

and increasingly longer.

The timeThe time• The time film is different to real time.• Forms of time film:

• Suitability.• Condensation.• Relaxation.• Continuity.• Concurrency.• Flash back.• Psychological time.• Ellipsis.• Resources to represent the past.• Resources to represent the passage of time.

The cameraThe camera• It is a machine with we obtain a series of

photographs on film.• The camera has two reels:

• The reel feeder.• The reel recorded.

• There is a lens which is called zoom.• The most important thing is the objective,

a lens trough the light enters in the camera.

The anglesThe angles• It is called at the way that the camera is

placed. • The camera can catch the figures:

• In a normal way.• Sharply.• <contrapicat>.• Sight of worm.• Sight of bird.

The movementThe movement• The author writes with the film camera.• It moves in all directions of the stage or space.• Subjective used when the camera becomes a

character in the action film and we can see what it sees.

• The camera rests on a tripod and it can do:• Balancing.• Pitch or tilt.• Rotation or look around.• Travelling.

ClassesClasses• The shot is obtained by photographing

from a certain distance one or more figures.

• Classes of shots:• The very first close-up, insert or detail.• The first level.• The median.• The short general shot.• The long general shot.• The great general map.

The coloursThe colours

• It is not an essential element of the images.

• It does not say anything.• It speaks for itself.• On some occasions they are used

symbolically, but these symbols are not universal.

Light and kindsLight and kinds

• The light in film serves to express things clearly and to create the right climate.

• It gives life to objects.• Kinds of light:

• Natural.• Artificial.• Diffuse.• Direct.

EffectsEffects

• Light comes from above.• Light comes from below.• Light comes from front.• Light comes from side.• Rear lighting.

The soundThe sound

• The sound element in film is composed by: Words, Sounds and Music.

• OFF voice is the voice of a character we hear and it’s outside the shot by telling the story.

• They are taken from the microphone.• Silence is also an expressive sound.

How to make itHow to make it• It is a tape that was made of celluloid and

now is made of a material seems that one but this doesn’t ignite.

• The organized phrases or shots as a whole make a film.

• The procedure through which is organized the parts of a film or narrative units is called assembly.

• The meaning of the film depends on the assembly.

Kinds of transitionKinds of transition

• Cast (in black or white): the scene goes dark or lights quickly.

• Chained: slowly the image disappears.• Wipe: looks like a moving image that

comes to the other.• Scanning: the camera moves quickly.• Court: two different images are

connected.

The developThe develop

• The film to print is called blank film; it’s ready to receive the images.

• First we obtain the negative film where the whites of the image appear blacks and the blacks, whites.

• Then it is passed to a positive film and when it’s developed gives a positive image like we see reality.

The soundtrackThe soundtrack

• It can be obtained:1. Optically: photographing sound on

celluloid.2. Magnetically: a refined magnetic

phonetic tape that it is stuck in film.

The projectorThe projector• It is a machine which shows the film.• It has got two reels:

1. A feed one which provides the film to the projector.

2. A receiver one which gathers the film once projected.

• It also has a mechanism that transforms photographed sound in real noises.

Traditional tricksTraditional tricks• Appearances and quick disappearances of

characters. • Appearances and quick disappearances

transparent characters. • Invisible persons.• Transparency. • Models.• Rain and storms. • Explosions and bullet holes.• Landslides. • Slow & Quick motion.• Photographic tricks.