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Hinton Scholars ProgramPhotosynthesis
Light
Fig. 10-5-1
H2O
Chloroplast
LightReactions
NADP+
PADP
i+
Light
Fig. 10-5-2
H2O
Chloroplast
LightReactions
NADP+
PADP
i+
ATP
NADPH
O2
Light
Fig. 10-5-3
H2O
Chloroplast
LightReactions
NADP+
PADP
i+
ATP
NADPH
O2
CalvinCycle
CO2
Light
Fig. 10-5-4
H2O
Chloroplast
LightReactions
NADP+
PADP
i+
ATP
NADPH
O2
CalvinCycle
CO2
[CH2O](sugar)
Evolution of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria
Why are most (but not all) plants green?
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dew_on_green_Plant.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplasthttp://www.pion.cz/en/article/electromagnetic-spectrum
Violet and Blue are best transmitted through clear water.
Fig. 10-18-1
Beginning of the Calvin Cycle!
Stomata
What are stomata? What do they do?
http://www.hisse.net/forum/showthread.php?t=26901&page=11
Fig. 10-19
The C4 pathway
Mesophyllcell CO2PEP carboxylase
4C3C
3CCO2
Bundle-sheathcell
CalvinCycle
Sugar
Vasculartissue
http://www.hisse.net/forum/showthread.php?t=26901&page=11
C4 Plants
PEP hydroxylase binds to CO2 more strongly than rubisco. It
will even bind CO2 at low concentrations.
These steps are isolated into different cells/compartments.
Fig. 10-20
These steps are temporally separated.
CAM Plants
Stomata are closed during the day, but open at night to let in
CO2.
http://www.hisse.net/forum/showthread.php?t=26901&page=11
Fig. 10-18-3
Ribulose bisphosphate(RuBP)
3-Phosphoglycerate
Short-livedintermediate
Phase 1: Carbon fixation
(Entering oneat a time)
Rubisco
Input
CO2
P
3 6
3
3
P
PPP
ATP6
6 ADP
P P61,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
6
P
P6
66 NADP+
NADPH
i
Phase 2:Reduction
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate(G3P)
1 POutput G3P
(a sugar)
Glucose andother organiccompounds
CalvinCycle
3
3 ADP
ATP
5 P
Phase 3:Regeneration ofthe CO2 acceptor(RuBP)
G3P