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Installation and Operations Manual

Part Number 44-0004-01 Rev. 0.23 A

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Copyright Notice Copyright © 2002 Fresnel Wireless Systems, Ltd.. All rights reserved. Trademarks AIM-34™ and the Fresnel logo are trademarks of Fresnel Wireless Systems, Ltd.. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Disclaimer The information presented in the manual is the property of Fresnel Wireless Systems, Ltd.. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted without proper permission from Fresnel Wireless Systems, Ltd.. The specifications and information contained in this document are subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Fresnel Wireless Systems, Ltd.. Fresnel assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in the user documentation. Contact Information For products that were purchased through a distributor or reseller, the distributor or reseller is the first point of contact for technical support or repair services. For products purchased directly from Fresnel the following information can be used to contact technical support personnel: Postal Address: Fresnel Wireless Systems, Ltd. 70 Saint Johns Close Knowle Solihull West Midlands B93 0NN United Kingdom E-mail: [email protected] World Wide Web: www.fresnel.com Telephone (24/7 support): +44 (0)1564 206080

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Fax: + 44 (0) 1564 206089

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Table of Contents Paragraph Page Number 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 How to Use This Manual ........................................................................................1 1.2 Safety.......................................................................................................................2 1.2.1 Notes, Cautions & Warnings...............................................................................2 1.2.2 Radio Frequency Energy Exposure Guidelines ..................................................3 1.2.3 Additional Safety Information ............................................................................6 2 Product Overview...................................................................................................... 8 2.1 AIM-34 System Overview ......................................................................................8 2.2 Product Applications ...............................................................................................8 2.3 System Functional Description ...............................................................................9 2.3.1 IDU Overview...................................................................................................10 2.3.2 User Interface Board (UIB) Overview ..............................................................10 2.3.3 ODU Overview .................................................................................................11 2.3.4 Antenna Overview.............................................................................................12 2.3.5 System Diagram ................................................................................................12 3 Pre-Installation ........................................................................................................ 14 3.1 Path Analysis.........................................................................................................14 3.2 Site Survey ............................................................................................................14 3.3 Antenna Mount Recommendations.......................................................................15 3.4 Antenna Wind Loading Specifications .................................................................16 4 Installation ............................................................................................................... 17 4.1 Installation Tools...................................................................................................17 4.2 Unpacking and Inventory......................................................................................17 4.3 Installation Kit Parts List.......................................................................................18 4.4 IDU Equipment Labels..........................................................................................19 4.5 Outdoor Unit (ODU) Equipment Labels...............................................................19 4.5.1 ODU Part Number Descriptions .......................................................................20 5 Inter Facility Link (IFL) Cable Installation & Termination (Phase 1).............. 22 5.1 Installing the IFL Cable.........................................................................................22 5.2 Terminating the IFL Cable....................................................................................23 6 IDU & UIB Installation (Phase 2).......................................................................... 25 6.1 IDU Front Panel Layout........................................................................................25 6.2 Flash Memory Installation/Removal.....................................................................25 6.3 Indoor Unit (IDU) Rack Mounting Installation Steps...........................................27 6.4 Connecting the IFL Cable to the IDU ...................................................................28 6.5 UIB Installation Instructions .................................................................................29 6.6 DC Power Connector Termination........................................................................31 6.6.1 Direct Current (DC) Connector Parts................................................................31 6.6.2 DC Connector Installation Steps .......................................................................32 7 Antenna Installation (Phase 3) ............................................................................... 34 8 ODU Installation (Phase 4)..................................................................................... 35 8.1 Polarization Considerations...................................................................................35 8.2 Attaching the ODU to the Antenna .......................................................................37

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8.3 Connecting the IFL Cable to the ODU..................................................................37 8.4 Grounding the ODU..............................................................................................39 9 Initial Configuration (Phase 5)............................................................................... 40 9.1 Connecting to the Console Port.............................................................................41 9.2 Minimum Configuration Required to Establish a Radio Link ..............................43 10 Antenna Alignment (Phase 6) ................................................................................ 53 10.1 Calculating Expected Receive Signal Level (RSL) ..............................................53 10.1.1 Free Space Loss Formula ..................................................................................53 10.1.2 Receive Signal Level Calculation Formula.......................................................54 10.2 Expected AGC Reading ........................................................................................54 10.3 Antenna Radiation Patterns...................................................................................55 10.4 Alignment Procedure.............................................................................................56 11 Redundancy System Overview............................................................................... 58 11.1 Redundancy System Requirements.......................................................................59 11.2 Terminology..........................................................................................................59 11.3 Switchover Logic ..................................................................................................59 11.3.1 Single Carrier Operation ...................................................................................59 11.3.2 Dual Carrier Operation......................................................................................60 11.3.3 Hitless Switching...............................................................................................61 11.4 Redundant Interface Unit (RIU)............................................................................62 11.5 Orderwire Interface Boards (OIBs).......................................................................62 11.6 Redundant Interface Boards (RIBs) ......................................................................64 11.7 Antenna Options....................................................................................................64 11.7.1 Dual Antenna Option for (1+1) End Point ........................................................64 11.7.2 Single Antenna Option for (1+1) End Point .....................................................64 12 Redundancy Equipment Installation..................................................................... 66 12.1 Outdoor Equipment Installation............................................................................66 12.1.1 1+1 Dual Antenna (Space, Frequency, and Polarization Diversity) .................66 12.1.2 1+1 Component Coupler, Flex w/g and Remote Mount ODUs........................67 12.2 Indoor Equipment Installation...............................................................................69 12.2.1 Redundant Interface Unit (RIU) Rack Setup ....................................................69 12.2.2 RIU Cabling Connection Overview ..................................................................70 12.2.3 Cable Connection Procedure.............................................................................72 12.3 Redundancy Link Configuration...........................................................................75 12.3.1 Configuring the IDU for Redundancy...............................................................76 Status Parameters .............................................................................................................. 77 12.3.2 Configuring the IDU for Redundancy Using the CMI......................................78 12.4 Management Connectivity in Redundant Links....................................................80 12.4.1 Redundant Link IP Configuration Examples ....................................................81 12.5 Redundancy Reference Material ...........................................................................82 12.5.1 SNMP MIB Variables .......................................................................................82 12.5.2 RIU Technical Specifications............................................................................83 13 Using the Console Menu Interface (CMI)............................................................. 84 13.1 Connecting to the CMI Interface...........................................................................84 13.1.1 RS-232 Console Connection .............................................................................84 13.1.2 Telnet.................................................................................................................84

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13.1.3 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) ...........................................................................84 13.2 CMI Menu Navigation ..........................................................................................84 13.2.1 Menu Navigation Using the Keyboard..............................................................84 13.2.2 Window Options Used for Menu Navigation ...................................................85 13.2.3 Changing Parameters.........................................................................................86 13.2.4 Using the [Toggle Title] Feature.......................................................................86 13.3 Connecting to the Remote Radio ..........................................................................87 14 Management Interface Configuration and Pin Outs ........................................... 88 14.1 Ethernet Management Interface (ENET) Configuration & Pin Outs....................89 14.1.1 Management Ethernet Interface Configuration Window Description ..............89 14.1.2 Initial Port Configuration ..................................................................................91 14.1.3 Ethernet Management Port Pin Outs.................................................................92 14.2 Routing Setup........................................................................................................93 14.2.1 Adding Routes to the Management Interface....................................................93 14.2.2 Viewing Management Interface Routes............................................................94 14.2.3 Deleting Routes from the Management Interface .............................................95 14.3 Enabling and Disabling RIP Updates on the Ethernet Management Interface .....96 14.4 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Port Configuration & Pin Outs .............................97 15 Detailed UIB Overview and Configuration Information..................................... 99 15.1 Initial UIB Configuration Procedures ...................................................................99 15.1.1 Desired Configuration Procedure......................................................................99 15.2 4xE1, 120Ω UIB ..................................................................................................101 15.3 4xE1, 75Ω UIB ...................................................................................................101 15.4 E3, 75Ω UIB ........................................................................................................102 15.5 E2, 75Ω UIB ........................................................................................................102 15.6 10/100BT Ethernet Bridge UIB Overview..........................................................103 15.6.1 10/100BT Bridge UIB LED Descriptions and Interface Pin Outs ..................103 15.6.2 Interface Cabling Requirements......................................................................104 15.6.3 Detailed 10/100BT UIB Configuration...........................................................104 16 User Account Administration .............................................................................. 107 16.1 Security Access Levels........................................................................................107 16.2 Factory Default User Name and Password .........................................................107 16.3 Changing Passwords ...........................................................................................108 16.4 Viewing the User Database .................................................................................108 16.5 Adding New User Names and Passwords ...........................................................108 16.6 Removing User Accounts....................................................................................109 17 SNMP Configuration ............................................................................................ 110 17.1 SNMP Setup........................................................................................................110 17.2 Viewing SNMP Manager Configurations ...........................................................112 17.3 Adding SNMP Manager Configurations.............................................................112 17.4 Delete SNMP Manager .......................................................................................113 18 System Reboot Options......................................................................................... 115 19 Using the Alarm & Digital IN Ports .................................................................... 116 19.1 Alarm Interface Port Description and Pin Outs ..................................................116 19.2 Digital IN Port Description and Pin Outs ...........................................................117 19.3 Controlling Alarm Out Relays and Viewing the Digital IN Status.....................117

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20 Orderwire Overview and Pin Outs...................................................................... 119 20.1 Synchronous Order Wire (SOW) ........................................................................119 20.2 Asynchronous Order Wire (ASOW)...................................................................119 20.3 Voice Order Wire (VOW)...................................................................................120 21 Setting the System Date & Time .......................................................................... 121 21.1 Manual Configuration of the System Date & Time ............................................121 21.2 Using a Network Time Server.............................................................................122 22 System Identification............................................................................................. 125 23 Performing Software Upgrades ........................................................................... 127 23.1 IDU and ODU Software Download Procedure ...................................................128 24 Maintenance & Troubleshooting ......................................................................... 130 24.1 IDU Summary Fault LEDs..................................................................................130 24.1.1 (ENET) Ethernet Management Port Summary LED.......................................130 24.1.2 (CBL) Cable Summary LED...........................................................................130 24.1.3 (IDU) Indoor Unit Summary LED..................................................................131 24.1.4 (ODU) Outdoor Unit Summary LED..............................................................131 24.1.5 (Link) Radio Link Summary LED ..................................................................131 24.1.6 Status LED Fault Cause Matrix ......................................................................132 24.1.7 Viewing the Status of the LEDs Using the CMI.............................................133 24.2 Viewing the System Activity Log.......................................................................134 24.3 Diagnostic System Loopbacks ............................................................................135 24.3.1 Enabling and Disabling System Loopbacks....................................................136 24.4 Performance Monitoring Capabilities .................................................................137 24.4.1 Radio Performance Monitoring.......................................................................137 Appendix A System Specifications............................................................................ 141 Appendix B Commissioning Checklist ..................................................................... 142 Appendix C ODU Channel Plan Outline ................................................................. 144 Appendix D Equipment Grounding ......................................................................... 150 Appendix E - Remote Radio Access IP Sample Configurations ............................... 155

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List of Figures Figure Page Number Figure 1. AIM-34 System Block Diagram.................................................................. 13 Figure 2. Mounting Structures.................................................................................... 16 Figure 3. Indoor Unit (IDU) Label ............................................................................. 19 Figure 4. Outdoor Unit (ODU) Label Description .................................................... 20 Figure 5. Type-N Crimp Tool...................................................................................... 23 Figure 6. IDU Front Panel Layout.............................................................................. 25 Figure 7. Flash Memory Card Installation ................................................................ 26 Figure 8. IFL to IDU Connection................................................................................ 28 Figure 9. DC Connector Parts..................................................................................... 31 Figure 10. Descriptive ODU Diagram .......................................................................... 35 Figure 11. ODU Polarization Options .......................................................................... 36 Figure 12. IFL Connection to ODU .............................................................................. 38 Figure 13. ODU Coax-Seal ............................................................................................ 39 Figure 14. Main menu Window .................................................................................... 43 Figure 15. System Configuration Window................................................................... 44 Figure 16. UIB Desired Configuration Window.......................................................... 44 Figure 17. UIB Tributary Desired Configuration....................................................... 46 Figure 18. E1 UIB Tributary Desired Configuration ................................................. 47 Figure 19. Radio Link Desired Configuration............................................................. 48 Figure 20. Radio Link Active Parameters ................................................................... 49 Figure 21. Radio Link Active Configuration Window ............................................... 50 Figure 22. UIB Active Configuration Window............................................................ 51 Figure 23. UIB Active Tributary Configuration Window.......................................... 51 Figure 24. E1 UIB Tributary Active Configuration Window .................................... 52 Figure 25. RSL vs. Alignment Voltage Reference Chart............................................ 55 Figure 26. Lobes Propagated From a Directional Parabolic Antenna...................... 55 Figure 27. Redundancy Link Switching System Block Diagram, Single Carrier .... 60 Figure 28. Redundancy Link Switching System Block Diagram, Dual Carrier ...... 60 Figure 29. Hitless Switching .......................................................................................... 61 Figure 30. Redundant Interface Unit (RIU) with RIBs and OIB .............................. 62 Figure 31. OIB Three-Position Switch ......................................................................... 63 Figure 32. Typical Dual Antenna Outdoor Configuration......................................... 67 Figure 33. Front and Back Side View of a Waveguide Component 1+1 Coupler.... 68 Figure 34. Outdoor 1+1 Coupler Installation (Typical for 13-40 GHz) .................... 68 Figure 35. Single RIU Rack Installation (3RU)........................................................... 69 Figure 36. Dual RIU Rack Installation (4RU) ............................................................. 69 Figure 37. Typical Redundancy Interface Board (RIB) layout ................................. 70 Figure 38. IDU A (Top) Block Cabling Plan for 16 E1............................................... 72 Figure 39. IDU B (Bottom) Block Cabling Plan for 16 E1 ......................................... 73 Figure 40. OIB Jumper Diagram.................................................................................. 73 Figure 41. Protection Link Cables ................................................................................ 74 Figure 42. Connection of the Protection Link Cables................................................. 74 Figure 43. Y Cable Connection ..................................................................................... 75

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Figure 44. Management Redundant IDU Interface Configuration Window ........... 76 Figure 45. Redundant Link Management Traffic Routing Possibilities ................... 80 Figure 46. Redundant Link IP Management Example............................................... 81 Figure 47. Management Interface Router.................................................................... 89 Figure 48. Management Ethernet Interface Configuration Window........................ 91 Figure 49. Routing Setup Window................................................................................ 93 Figure 50. Add Fixed Route Entry Window................................................................ 94 Figure 51. View Fixed Routes Window ........................................................................ 95 Figure 52. Delete Fixed Route Entry Window............................................................. 96 Figure 53. Management PPP Interface Configuration Window................................ 98 Figure 54. SNMP Configuration Window ................................................................. 111 Figure 55. View SNMP Manager Configuration Window ....................................... 112 Figure 56. Add SNMP Manager Window.................................................................. 113 Figure 57. Delete SNMP Manager Window............................................................... 114 Figure 58. System Reboot Option Window................................................................ 115 Figure 59. External Alarm and Alarm Relay Status Window ................................. 118 Figure 60. System Date And Time Window............................................................... 121 Figure 61. Manual Time Set Window ........................................................................ 122 Figure 62. Time Zone Setup Window......................................................................... 123 Figure 63. SNTP Service Setup Window.................................................................... 124 Figure 64. System Identification Window.................................................................. 125 Figure 65. Software Upgrade Window....................................................................... 128 Figure 66. Software Download Window .................................................................... 128 Figure 67. Front Panel LED Indications.................................................................... 130 Figure 68. System Alarms and Status......................................................................... 133 Figure 69. Alarm LED Status Window ...................................................................... 134 Figure 70. Activity Log Window................................................................................. 135 Figure 71. IDU and ODU Loopbacks ......................................................................... 135 Figure 72. Loopbacks Window ................................................................................... 137 Figure 73. Performance Monitoring Window ........................................................... 138 Figure 74. Radio Performance Monitoring Window ................................................ 138 Figure 75. G.821 Statistics ........................................................................................... 139 Figure 76. G.826 Statistics ........................................................................................... 140 Figure 77. Local Area Connection Properties Window............................................ 157

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List of Tables

Table Page Number Table 1. Symbols and Descriptions............................................................................... 3 Table 2. Minimum Safe Distance (General/Non-Controlled Population Exposure) 5 Table 3. Minimum Safe Distance (Occupational/Controlled Population Exposure)5 Table 4. UIB Options ................................................................................................... 10 Table 5. Aggregate UIB Data Rates............................................................................ 11 Table 6. Maximum Capacity of Universal Interface Board (UIB) Configurations12 Table 7. Reliability Outage Time Chart..................................................................... 14 Table 8. Installation Tools ........................................................................................... 17 Table 9. Link Inventory ............................................................................................... 18 Table 10. Indoor Unit (IDU) Installation Kit............................................................... 18 Table 11. ODU Part Numbering Description .............................................................. 21 Table 12. Recommended Cable/Connector Type for UIB Connection ..................... 30 Table 13. DC Connector Parts Description ................................................................. 31 Table 14. Console Port Adapter Pin Outs.................................................................... 41 Table 15. Redundancy System Requirements ............................................................. 59 Table 16. Redundancy Terminology ............................................................................ 59 Table 17. OIB Switch and LED Indication Descriptions............................................ 64 Table 18. ODU/Antenna Redundancy Hardware/Performance Summary .............. 65 Table 19. Summary of RIBs/OIBs with Associated Cables........................................ 71 Table 20. ENET Management Port Pin Outs .............................................................. 92 Table 21. PPP Port Pinouts ........................................................................................... 98 Table 22. 4xE1, 120ΩΩΩΩ UIB Pin Out............................................................................. 101 Table 23. 4xE1, 75ΩΩΩΩ UIB Pin Outs ............................................................................. 101 Table 24. E3, 75ΩΩΩΩ UIB Pin Outs and Signal Description ......................................... 102 Table 25. E2, 75ΩΩΩΩ UIB Pin Outs and Signal Description ......................................... 102 Table 26. 10/100BT Bridge UIB Example Configurations vs. Throughput............ 103 Table 27. 10/100BT UIB LED Description and Pin Outs ......................................... 104 Table 28. Alarm Out Port Pin Outs............................................................................ 116 Table 29. Digital IN Port Pin Outs ............................................................................. 117 Table 30. Synchronous Order Wire (SOW) (RJ-45) Pin Outs................................. 119 Table 31. Asynchronous Order Wire (ASOW) (RJ-11) Pin Outs............................ 119 Table 32. Voice Order Wire (VOW) Pin Outs........................................................... 120 Table 33. LED Indications, Status and Fault Causes ............................................... 132 Table 34. Loopbacks and Descriptions....................................................................... 136 Table 35. Commissioning Checklist............................................................................ 142 Table 36. 7 GHz ODU Configurations ....................................................................... 144 Table 37. 8 GHz ODU Configurations ....................................................................... 145 Table 38. 13 GHz ODU Configurations ..................................................................... 145 Table 39. 15 GHz ODU Configurations ..................................................................... 146 Table 40. 17 GHz ODU Configurations ..................................................................... 147 Table 41. 18 GHz ODU Configurations ..................................................................... 147 Table 42. 23 GHz ODU Configurations ..................................................................... 148

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Table 43. 26 GHz ODU Configurations ..................................................................... 148 Table 44. 38 GHz ODU Configurations ..................................................................... 149 Table 45. Example IP Configuration.......................................................................... 155

44-0004 Fresnel proprietary 1

1 INTRODUCTION

This section outlines the layout of this manual and provides a summary of each section contained in this manual. Also, included in this section is a description of the various symbols used in this manual for providing additional notes, cautions, and safety warnings.

It is recommended that individuals installing the Adaptive Integrated Multi-rate (AIM-34 ) product read the manual in its entirety prior to the actual installation of an AIM-34 radio terminal. The following text provides safety precautions that must be followed when installing, operating and servicing the equipment.

1.1 How to Use This Manual

There are several sections in this manual, each discussing a specific aspect of the installation, operations, and maintenance of the AIM-34 product. The following list provides a brief description of the various sections contained in this manual:

Section 1: Introduction Section 1 contains information pertaining to the layout and use of this document, along with safety information and symbols used within this manual.

Section 2: Product Overview

Section 2 provides a general description of the AIM-34 family of products, and a detailed overview of the AIM-34 product. Product applications, system descriptions, and system diagrams are also included.

Section 3: Pre-installation

Pre-installation topics are outlined in this section. Major topics include path analysis, site survey recommendations, and antenna mounting options.

Section 4: Installation The installation of the AIM-34 product is detailed in this section. The installation is broken down into 6 phases. Each phase outlines the installation of a major portion of the AIM-34 system.

Section 5: Interfacility Link (IFL) Cable Installation and Termination (Phase 1)

All aspects of installing the IFL coaxial cable between the IDU and ODU are outlined in this section. Connector termination procedures are also detailed in this section.

Section 6: IDU and UIB Installation (Phase 2) The installation of the IDU and UIB hardware is detailed in this phase of the installation process. Termination of the DC power connector is outlined in this section.

Section 7: Antenna Installation (Phase 3)


Some general antenna installation guidelines are outlined in this section. Section 8: ODU Installation (Phase 4)

All aspects of installing the ODU are included in this section. Items discussed are as follows: Attaching the ODU to the antenna, ODU polarization considerations, and attaching the IFL cable to the ODU.

Section 9: Initial Configuration (Phase 5)

The pre-antenna alignment configuration steps required to bring up the radio link are outlined in this section. The connection of the console port to a PC running a VT100 terminal emulator is also discussed in this section.

Section 10: Antenna Alignment (Phase 6)

The antenna alignment procedure is outlined in this section of the manual. Section 11 – 12: Redundancy Sections

These sections provide detailed descriptions and installation instructions for radio links being installed in redundant (protected 1 + 1) configurations.

Section 13-23: Configuration & Operation Sections All aspects of configuring, and operating the AIM-34 using the Console Menu Interface (CMI) are discussed in these sections.

Section 24: Maintenance & Troubleshooting Section Maintenance recommendations and troubleshooting procedures are discussed in this section. Front panel Light Emitting Diode (LED) status indications, alarm log descriptions, and system loop back operations are described in detail.

1.2 Safety

The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of installation, operation, service and repair of the equipment. Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual may violate safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the equipment.

1.2.1 Notes, Cautions & Warnings

Various sections of this manual contain symbols that provide additional information that pertains to helpful hints, safety cautions and warnings. When a symbol appears in the manual it will be followed by important information pertaining to the section it appears in. Table 1 displays the symbols used in this manual along with a description of each symbol type.


Table 1. Symbols and Descriptions

Symbol Description

Represents additional information, such as tips and hints, pertaining to the section it appears in.

This symbol is used to provide information that can prevent the damage of equipment or property.

This symbol provides information when the performing of a certain action can result in injury to the installation personnel.

1.2.2 Radio Frequency Energy Exposure Guidelines

If proper RF safety guidelines are NOT followed, prolonged exposure to RF radiated energy can result in injury to installation personnel and/or the general public.

This section provides information related to the risk associated with exposure to RF energy sources. The minimum safe operating distance from the center of the radiating antenna of an AIM-34 radio terminal, required to meet the standardized safety guidelines, are also detailed in this section.

The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) as well as the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) have established protection guidelines based on the interaction of RF radiation with the human body (ICNIRP, 1998)1 (ANSI C95.1-1991)2. These guidelines incorporate limits for Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) in terms of electric and magnetic field strength and power density for transmitters operating at frequencies between 300 KHz and 300 GHz. These limits are derived from exposure criteria quantified in terms of the specific absorption rate (SAR) of 4 W/kg as averaged over the entire mass of body. MPE limits are defined in terms of power density (units of milliwatts per centimeter squared: mW/cm2).

These guidelines and limits incorporate two separate types of exposure criteria that are dependent on the situation in which exposure occurs, and the status of the individuals who may be subjected to the exposure. The decision of which type applies in any given situation must be based on the application of the following definitions:

Occupational/Controlled Exposure These limits apply to situations in which people are exposed as a consequence of their employment, provided those persons are fully aware of the potential for exposure and can exercise control over their exposure. In the frequency range of 2 to 300 GHz, this limit is 50 W/m2 (5 mW/cm2).

General Population/Uncontrolled Exposure These limits apply to situations in which the general public may be exposed, or in which persons are exposed as a consequence of their


employment may not be fully aware of the potential for exposure or cannot exercise control over their exposure. In the frequency range of 2 to 300 GHz, this limit is 10 W/m2 (1 mW/cm2).

Consider the AIM-34 radio utilizes aperture antennas. These antennas usually have parabolic surfaces and many circular cross sections. They are characterized by their high gain, which results in a well defined focused beam. As a result the likelihood of significant exposure at the sides and back of the antenna are considerably less than at the front of the dish.

Power density (S)3 directly in front of the antenna can be approximated by knowing the power level, (expressed in terms of milliwatts), and the antenna surface area (expressed in cm2). For example a 23 GHz radio operating at +23 dBm, directly mounted to the back of a 30 cm antenna would have a power density at the antenna surface of 1.13 mW/cm2:

Ssurface = 4P/A

Where: P = Power Out (+23 dBm or 200 mW) A = πD2 = 707 cm2

However, as one moves away from directly in front of the antenna, the gain of the antenna must be factored in to the prediction method. Calculations are made to predict RF field strength in the far-field region. The equation below will over-predict power density in the near-field, where it could be used to make a worst-case or conservative prediction3. For example, considering the same 23 GHz radio configuration as above with a distance away from the antenna of 7 feet, yields a power density of 0.91 mW/cm2.

S = PG/4πR2

Where: P = Power Out (+23 dBm or 200 mW) G = Power Gain factor of antenna (34.2 dBi or 2607) R = Distance to center of antenna (7 ft or 213.36 cm) These calculations assume no reflections off a surface. At roof top locations, the main beam may be directed in parallel along the surface of the roof, and as such these reflected waves may contribute to exposure. Therefore a reflection factor of 1.62 (2.56) should be factored into the equation above in these circumstances. Hence in the previous example, a power density level of 2.33 mW/cm2 is predicted when standing 7 feet in front of a rooftop mounted antenna.

Fresnel supplies AIM-34 radios in the frequency bands of 7, 8, 13, 15, 17, 18, 23, 26, and 38 GHz. Table 2 and Table 3 provide the minimum distance persons should maintain between themselves and the radiating element located in the center of the antenna, in order to comply with the controlled exposure and un-controlled exposure limits. The values in these tables also consider the reflection factor, giving the worst-case power density for a given configuration. This information is provided for each ODU frequency band when operating at its maximum power and details the distance limits when these ODUs are used with specific antenna sizes.


Table 2. Minimum Safe Distance (General/Non-Controlled Population Exposure)

(1.0 mW/cm2) Including Reflection Factor

Antenna Diameter AIM-34 Radio Type

15cm 30 cm 60 cm 90 cm 120 cm 180 cm 240 cm

7 GHz, +26 dBm Tx N/A N/A 2.8 m 4.2 m 5.6 m 8.4 m 11.2 m

13 GHz, +21 dBm Tx N/A N/A 2.9 m 4.4 m 5.8 m 8.8. m 11.7 m


15 GHz, +21 dBm Tx N/A 1.7 m 3.4 m 5.1 m 6.7 m 10.1 m 13.5 m


17 GHz, +23 dBm TX N/A 2.4 m 4.8 m 7.2 m 9.6 m 14.4 m N/A

18 GHz, +21 dBm Tx N/A 2.0 m 4.0 m 6.1 m 8.1 m 12.1 m N/A


26 GHz, +23 dBm Tx N/A 3.7 m 7.4 m 11.0 m 14.7 m N/A N/A

38 GHz, +19 dBm Tx 1.7 m 3.4 m 6.8 m 10.2 m N/A N/A N/A

Table 3. Minimum Safe Distance (Occupational/Controlled Population Exposure)

(5.0 mW/cm2) Including Reflection Factor

Antenna Diameter AIM-34 Radio Type

15cm 30 cm 60 cm 90 cm 120 cm 180 cm 240 cm









26 GHz, +23 dBm Tx N/A 1.6 m 3.3 m 4.9 m 6.6 m N/A N/A

38 GHz, +19 dBm Tx 0.8 m 1.5 m 3.0 m 4.6 m N/A N/A N/A

These calculations are based on the worst-case scenario of maximum power output of the radio system. As most users of the AIM-34 radio will not be utilizing maximum power out, the power density will be much lower.

References:


1) ICNIRP, 1998 International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection,

Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time-Varying Electric, Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Fields (up to 300 GHz), April 1998

2) ANSI C95.1-1991 American National Standard Institute, Standard for Safety Levels

with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 KHz to 300 GHz., November 1992

3) OET Bulletin 65 United States Federal Communication Commission, Office of

Engineering and Technology, Evaluating Compliance with FCC guidelines for Human Exposure to Radio frequency Electromagnetic Fields, OET Bulletin 65, Edition 97-01, August 1997

1.2.3 Additional Safety Information

Equipment grounding: Always ground the equipment per local regulations.

Explosive atmosphere and flammable gases: DO NOT operate the equipment in an explosive atmosphere or in presence of flammable gases or fumes.

Protection against fire: Line fuse(s) must only be replaced with fuse(s) of the same voltage, current rating and type.

Dangerous voltage: Users must not remove equipment covers or shields. Only service-trained personnel should carry out installation and maintenance procedures described in this manual.

Damaged equipment: DO NOT operate equipment that may be damaged. If it is suspected that the safety protection features built into this equipment have been impaired, do not use the equipment until safe operation can be verified by service-trained personnel. If necessary, return the equipment to Fresnel Customer Support for servicing and repair.

Substitution of parts or equipment modifications: DO NOT open, substitute parts or modify the equipment. Return the product to Fresnel Customer Service for servicing and repair.


All output circuits are considered to comply with the SELV requirements of EN 60950

The installation and operation of AIM-34 equipment should only be undertaken by skilled personnel who have the necessary knowledge and practical experience of electrical and radio engineering to fully appreciate the various hazards that can arise from working on radio transmitters, and who are able to take the necessary precautions to protect both relevant personnel, and the general public. For protection, observe the following precautions.

• Follow all cautions, warnings and instructions on the equipment or in this manual.

• Never push objects of any kind through openings in the equipment. They may touch dangerous voltage points or short out components, resulting in fire, electrical shock, or damage to the equipment.

There are no user serviceable parts within the units, and opening of any unit will invalidate the warranty. Please refer servicing to suitably qualified Fresnel personnel.


2 PRODUCT OVERVIEW

The following subsections provide descriptive overviews of the AIM-34 Indoor Unit (IDU), Outdoor Unit (ODU), Universal Interface Boards (UIBs) and antenna. A system block diagram is also provided.

2.1 AIM-34 System Overview

The AIM-34 is a fixed wireless point-to-point system that consists of two radio terminals in a line-of-sight (LOS) configuration. The operating frequency band, data rate, antenna size, and desired link availability determine the maximum distance between two AIM-34 radio terminals.

As a member of Fresnel’s AIM-34 family of radios, the AIM-34 system provides the greatest flexibility of data interfaces on the market. Start off with one 4E1, 1E2 or 10BaseT Ethernet connection. Upgrades in capacity to 16E1, 4E2, 4 10BaseT or 1E3 are performed by the insertion of additional UIBs. The ability to fit any combination of UIBs up to a total capacity of 34Mb/s is readily achievable with the AIM-34 radio system, and provides a level of flexibility unparalleled by existing equipment.

Operation and configuration of the AIM-34 can be performed through the Console Menu Interface (CMI), which is accessible through the RS-232 console port using any VT100 terminal emulator or by establishing a Telnet session to the IP address assigned to the Ethernet Management port. Alternatively the user can also configure the equipment using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). The AIM-34 contains an embedded SNMP agent, compatible with platforms such as HP OpenView and SNMPc.

The AIM-34 family of radios is designed to meet the requirements of demanding operators who wish to provide evolving connectivity quickly without recurring investments in infrastructure equipment.

2.2 Product Applications

Today’s carriers, service providers, and enterprise users are continually looking for ways to increase capacity, while containing network costs. Until now, they were required to procure and install new equipment as bandwidth demands increased. The demand for point-to-point (P-P) microwave and millimeter wave radio has increased rapidly over the past few years.

Some of the targeted applications for Fresnel’s AIM-34 fixed wireless system include:

Mobile Networks Base Station interconnect for mobile, cellular, PCS, GSM, 2G, 2.5G, and 3G networks Enterprise Networks Corporate, industrial or educational campus network extensions


Metro Networks High capacity, dedicated access or backhaul for self-healing ring, point-to-multipoint, or mesh network architectures Utility Networks Extension of voice and data networks for monitoring remote operating sites and service locations

2.3 System Functional Description

The AIM-34 radio accepts user data from one or more tributaries, combines the data into a single high speed data stream, modulates and encodes the data, then transmits the data to the far end. On the receive side, the AIM-34 unit accepts a microwave radio signal from the far end, demodulates and decodes the signal into a high speed data stream, then demultiplexes the stream into individual tributary data streams. Each end of the link consists of one complete radio terminal. A terminal consists of an IDU and ODU connected via an Inter facility link (IFL) coaxial cable, a parabolic antenna, and up to four UIBs. The following list defines key features of the AIM-34:

• Channel bandwidths of 7, 14 and 28MHz to accommodate transport of 4xE1 to 16xE1, 1xE2 to 4xE2, 1x10BT to 4x10BT, in any combination, or 1xE3 user signals.

• 4FSK modulation scheme with Reed-Solomon (RS) error correction coding for

improved receiver performance.

• Field swappable UIBs that allow unparalleled flexibility and scalability.

• Quick and easily accessible programming of link settings, and access of main diagnostics by IP-Telnet, Asynchronous Terminal, or SNMP.

• Comprehensive diagnostic tools offering clear and unequivocal fault location

including local and remote loop-back at key points in the radio.

• A single coaxial cable connection between IDU and ODU with a maximum separation of 300m using an RG8/U type of cable.

• Capability for 1+1 redundancy and hitless receive diversity switching with support

for frequency, space, and hardware diversity.

• Removable flash memory card to provide rapid firmware and configuration upgrades.

• Digital Cross Connect of like tributary interfaces is provided. For instance the mapping of any near end E1 port can be mapped to a different physical E1 port at the far end. This feature can be controlled locally or remotely by accessing the radio terminal using the CMI or via SNMP. Additional tributaries can be brought into service, and systems reconfigured without the need to attend the site.


2.3.1 IDU Overview

The IDU contains the user interface, network management interfaces, voice and data orderwires, protection circuitry, and multiplexing circuitry. Interconnection between the IDU and ODU is provided by the IFL coaxial cable, which can provide a maximum IDU to ODU separation of 300 meters. The IDU is capable of providing up to sixteen E1 tributaries for a maximum aggregate link rate of 34Mb/s. Network management features can be accessed through a dedicated Ethernet connection, a local RS-232 connection, or a Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) connection. Connections to the far end radio can be established via the wireless link in a peer-to-peer fashion. The IDU also provides support for 1+1 protection switching, orderwires, alarm input/output, and TTL input connections.

2.3.2 User Interface Board (UIB) Overview

A UIB provides the user with a wide variety of interface choices. This allows the user to start off with only the capacity needed at the time of the install and upgrade to higher capacities as the network demands increase. The UIB cards also allow the user to house Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH) and Ethernet traffic in the same system simultaneously. The AIM-34 system supports the UIBs shown in Table 4:

Table 4. UIB Options

UIB Descriptions Picture

4 x E1 120 Ohm

4 x E1 75 Ohm

1 x E2

1 x E3

1 x 10/100BaseT

The UIB selections for each system can be configured using several combinations, as long as they meet the following criteria:

• The total data rate of all UIBs cannot be less than 8 Mbps and must not exceed 34 Mbps.

• There are four UIB slots available in the IDU chassis, so the number of physical UIB cards cannot exceed four.


• For every UIB that is configured and enabled on the local radio terminal IDU there must be a UIB of the same type configured and enabled on the remote radio terminal IDU.

To determine the aggregate data rate of the configured UIBs add the individual data rate of each UIB together. The data rate of each UIB is listed in Table 5 below:

Table 5. Aggregate UIB Data Rates

UIB Descriptions Data Rate

4 x E1 120 Ohm 8.192 Mbps

4 x E1 75 Ohm 8.192 Mbps

1 x E2 8.448 Mbps

1 x E3 34.368 Mbps

1 x 10/100BaseT 8.448 Mbps

2.3.3 ODU Overview

The main functions of the ODU are modulation and demodulation, as well as performing the up and down conversion of the Radio Frequency (RF) signal for over-the-air communications. Components used to perform these functions include the Modulator, Demodulator, i.e. Modem, IF Module, Transmit and Receive Micro-Module, LO Synthesizer, diplexer, Band Pass Filters and the antenna interface. The ODU contains an N-type female connector for interconnection of the IFL cable, and a British Naval Connector (BNC) port that provides a receive signal strength voltage used for peaking the receive signal level during the antenna alignment process. A blind mate interface allows for the connection of the ODU directly to the back of the parabolic antenna with the securing of four clasps as a securing mechanism.

The modulation used in the AIM-34 is a form of Frequency Modulation called Frequency Shift-Keying (FSK). FSK is the modulation of a carrier using a different frequency shift to represent a 1 or 0. The resultant modulated signal produces carriers at different frequencies. This difference in frequency is the frequency deviation. A variation of FSK modulation called 4-ary FSK is used in the AIM-34. This modulation scheme takes two bits of user data and maps them into a symbol. This symbol results in a four level signal. This four level signal drives a FM modulator that produces the 4-ary FSK modulated carrier. To implement the demodulator, a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) is utilized to replicate the frequency deviation resulting in a four level signal where symbol timing is recovered. With this recovered timing, amplitude decisions are made, allowing the user data to be recovered. To ensure an effectively error free link under normal operating conditions, a forward error correction scheme is implemented using RS encoding, with a rate of 148/160 on the aggregate byte stream. The AIM-34 provides 7, 14, or 28 MHz RF channels depending on the aggregate data rate of the UIB configurations. Table 6 provides various UIB configurations, and the specific RF channel bandwidth that each configuration requires.


Table 6. Maximum Capacity of Universal Interface Board (UIB) Configurations

Capacity Channel Bandwidth

4E1/1E2/1x10BT 7 MHz

8E1/2E2/2x10BT 14 MHz

12E1/3E2/3x10BT 28 MHz

16E1/1E34xE2/4x10BT 28 MHz

2.3.4 Antenna Overview

The AIM-34 is typically supplied with high performance parabolic dish antennas. These antennas include low loss radomes, and are classified as high performance antennas as per the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulations. Antennas of up to 60cm (120cm for some frequency bands) in diameter utilize an integrated RF blind mate waveguide feed to allow for direct ODU mounting to the antenna. The benefit of this configuration is lower overall integration time, cost, and higher system gain compared to using waveguide. For antenna sizes over 60cm (120cm for some frequency bands), a remote ODU mount kit and flexible waveguide are used to interface the ODU to the antenna. The antenna interface is a circular waveguide, except for the 7 and 8 GHz interfaces, which use a Type-N connector.

All AIM-34 ODUs contain a quick hang mechanism that assists installers with the ODU to antenna connection. The quick hang feature consists of a set of shoulder bolts that are mounted to the interface side of the ODU, and a set of notches built into the interface plate of the antenna. This allows the installer to temporarily hang the ODU onto the antennas interface plate while the four ODU clasp are secured into place.

2.3.5 System Diagram

Figure 1 shows a detailed block diagram of a AIM-34 radio terminal and the major subassemblies that comprise the IDU and ODU.


Figure 1. AIM-34 System Block Diagram


3 PRE-INSTALLATION

This section outlines the necessary steps that must be performed prior to the installation of the AIM-34 radio link.

3.1 Path Analysis

A path analysis is used to determine what link parameters will be required in order to meet specified performance criteria. Parameters such as transmitter powers, antenna sizes, and transmitter channels are determined by the path analysis. The performance criteria are expressed as % reliability, which is the percentage of time that the performance exceeds the minimum requirement. Table 7 below shows various reliabilities and the corresponding amounts of outage time.

Table 7. Reliability Outage Time Chart

Outage Time Reliability (%)

Per Year Per Month (avg.)

Per Day (avg.)

99.0 88 hrs 7 hrs 14 min

99.9 8.8 hrs 43 min 1.4 min

99.99 53 min 4.3 min 88.6 sec

99.999 5.3 min 26 sec .86 s

100.000 0 0 0

Under normal conditions the link will be designed for availabilities between 99.9% (three nines) and 99.999% (five nines), depending on specific application requirements.

A trained transmission engineer who uses software specifically designed for analyzing radio transmission paths normally performs this process. The results of the path analysis come in the form of a link budget. The link budget should be made available throughout the installation process, and is commonly posted at the site upon installation completion.

3.2 Site Survey

The site survey is performed prior to the installation process and helps establish the required site modifications, IDU and ODU mounting locations, IFL cable length and various other items that will make the installation process go easier.

Listed below are several of the common items that should be looked at during the site survey process:


• Is the appropriate amount of rack space available for mounting the IDU (1RU 1.75”/44mm) for each IDU being installed)?

• Is there an existing path for the IFL coaxial cable to be run? If not, what site modifications need to be made in order to install the IFL?

• Will roof penetration be required in order to install the IFL? • What type of pole mount can be utilized for the antenna installation i.e., wall

mount, non-penetrating roof mount, pole mount, tower mount etc.? • Is there line of site between each location? (This step may have been performed

during the path analysis.) • Are the appropriate power sources available close to the IDU location? • Is there a potential for future path obstructions such as window washing

equipment or the construction of new buildings along the radio path? • Is there any information that needs to be collected for the equipment licensing

purposes i.e. site Latitudes & Longitudes, building heights, antenna mount heights, etc.?

3.3 Antenna Mount Recommendations

The antennas available for use with the AIM-34 product come in a variety of sizes. Each size antenna has different mechanical mounting specifications. Various companies specialize in providing structures used to mount fixed wireless antennas. Figure 2 represents examples of some of the more commonly used antenna mounting structures available in the industry:

Fresnel does not provide the mounting structures shown in the figure 2. These mounting structures can be purchased from various companies that specialize in structural designs for the fixed wireless market.


Wall Mount

Non-Penetrating Roof Mount

Pole Mount

Tower Mount

Figure 2. Mounting Structures

3.4 Antenna Wind Loading Specifications

Each antenna that is used with the AIM-34 product has specific wind loading requirements. These requirements are listed in the antenna vendor’s specifications for each antenna. The wind loading information provides moments of force and amount of twist applied to the mast or tower leg that the antenna is mounted to. This information is crucial to properly plan the requirements of the antenna mounting structure.

Professional structural design specialist should perform wind loading calculations. Improper wind loading design can result in structural failure, which in turn can cause damage to equipment and mounting structures, and can result in injury to people.


4 INSTALLATION

The first portion of this section outlines the required installation tools, and the unpacking and inventory of the equipment. The actual installation of the AIM-34 can be accomplished by following the 6 Phases of installation contained in this manual. Each phase provides detailed instructions on how to install a major component of an AIM-34 link.

4.1 Installation Tools

Table 8 provides a list of the tools that are required to install an AIM-34 product.

Table 8. Installation Tools

Tool Name Suggested Manufacturer

& Part Number

#2 Phillips Screwdriver

1/8” Flat Blade Screwdriver

Torque Wrench Capable of 50 ft-lb [66 N-m]

Digital Voltmeter Fluke 77A

Coaxial Cable Cutters

PC w/VT100 Terminal Emulator PC with HyperTerminal Application

.116 in./.429 in. Hex Crimp Tool Connex (47-10210)

Pin Extraction Tool ITT Cannon (CET-C6B-2)

Crimp Tool for DC Connector Pins Daniels Manufacturing (FT8)

Locator Die for Crimp Tool PEI Genesis (TH554)

16 AWG Wire Stripper

Antenna Alignment Cable (BNC Male to Dual Banana/Voltmeter) L-Com (BCC58C-5)

4.2 Unpacking and Inventory A link of the AIM-34 product consists of various options and configurations. When performing an inventory on-site Fresnel recommends referencing the Purchase Order to ensure that the proper equipment has been received and is on site for the installation. Table 9 shows the main items required for the installation of an AIM-34 link for Non-protected configurations.


Table 9. Link Inventory

Item Description Quantity Required Comments

IDU 2 One IDU is required for each end of the radio link

ODU 2 One ODU is required for each end of the radio link. Ensure the proper bands of operation are present.

IFL (Coaxial Cable) Length Varies

Is there enough cable for both ends of the link?

Antennas 2 One antenna is required for each end of the link. Make sure the antennas are for the proper frequency band, and are the correct size.

UIB Min 2 Max 8

A minimum of 1 UIB per terminal is required. A maximum of 4 UIBs per terminal is allowed.

Installation Kits 2 One installation kit for each radio terminal is required. Installation kits are shipped in the box containing the IDU.

Lightening Arrestor 2 Optional. The need for a lightening arrestor is discussed in Appendix D.

AIM-34 products include secondary protection using gas tube arrestors that engage above 300V, and semiconductor arrestors that protect from voltages above 100V. The end user is expected to ensure primary lightning protection at each site, and for each link. Failure to do this may lead to damage to AIM-34 equipment which is not covered by warranty

4.3 Installation Kit Parts List A kit used for the installation of a complete AIM-34 radio terminal can be found in the box used to ship the IDU. Table 10 provides a detailed list of the items contained in the installation kit.

Table 10. Indoor Unit (IDU) Installation Kit

Item Description Qty Installation Purpose

1 Direct Current (DC) Power Connector Kit 1 High power 3 pos plug used for supplying DC power to the

AIM-34 radio terminal.

2 12-24 x 3/4" Pan Head Screw 6 Screws used to attach the IDU and Rack Mounting Bracket to the communications relay rack.

3 #12 Flat Washer 6 Used with Item # 2

4 #12 Lock Washer 6 Used with Item # 2

5 Type-N Crimp Connectors 3 IFL coaxial cable connectors. Can be used to terminate Belden 9913, 9914 and LMR-400 coaxial cables.

6 Coax-Seal® Tape, 60” x 1/2” 1 Provides weather proofing for the Type-N IFL connector and right angle adapter connection to the ODU

7 DB-9 Female to RJ45 Female Adapter 1 For PC to CONS connection


Item Description Qty Installation Purpose

8 RJ45 Male to RJ45 male "Flat" cable 1 For PC to CONS connection

9 Type-N Male to Type-N Female Right Angle Adapter 2 Used to provide an angled connection of the IFL connectors

to the IDU and ODU.

4.4 IDU Equipment Labels

The IDU contains a label that can be found on the backside of the chassis. This label displays the unit serial number and the date that the product was manufactured. Product family information, input voltage range, IDU part number, and revision level are also displayed on this label. Figure 3 provides a detailed description of the label that appears on the IDU.

IDU (Indoor Unit)Input Voltage: 19.2 to 72 VDCCurrent: 3A MAX

Made In Germany

Input Voltage Range

Revision

Part Number

Serial Number(Last 8 digits of the Serial Number indicate the

Date of Manufacture in DD/MM/YY format)

CE Notified Body

27-0002-IDU34-R01

123456-B25050100

Figure 3. Indoor Unit (IDU) Label

Input voltage ranges may vary depending on the revision of the IDU. Early versions operated at 21 to 56 VDC while new versions operate between 19.2 to 72 VDC. Consult the IDU label to determine the voltage range of the specific IDU being installed.

4.5 Outdoor Unit (ODU) Equipment Labels

Each ODU contains a label that provides detailed information related to the ODU frequency band of operation, ODU serial number, part number and regulatory information. The last six digits of the ODU serial number provide the date the equipment was manufactured. The last four digits of the ODU part number can be used to determine further information regarding the ODU T/R spacing/subband, and High or Low band of operation. A detailed breakdown of these last


four digits is provided in Table 11. This table should be used when determining which ODU should be installed at each end of the link. Figure 4 provides a detailed description of the label that appears on the ODU.

23 GHz Outdoor UnitTx Range: 21200 - 21800 MHzRx Range: 22400 - 23000 MHz

Made in Italy

Part number and Revision

Date Code and Serial Number

Frequency BandPart Number(Last 4 digits of the Part Number provides detailed ODU

information which is detailed in this section of the manual)

RevisionSerial Number

(Last 6 digits of the Serial Number indicate theDate of Manufacture in DD/MM/YY format)

CE Notified Body27-0119-GS1L-R01

123456-25120100

Figure 4. Outdoor Unit (ODU) Label Description

4.5.1 ODU Part Number Descriptions

The part number that appears on the ODU label provides a detailed description of the equipment. This information can be used to help determine which ODU needs to be installed at a certain end of the radio link. Table 11 provides a detailed breakdown of the part numbering used to describe the ODU.


Table 11. ODU Part Numbering Description 1st Digit:

Frequency 2nd Digit:

T/R Spacing 3rd Digit: Sub-Band

4th Digit: Duplex

A = 7 GHz A = 119/126 MHz 1 = Sub Band 1 L = TX Low/RX High B = 8 GHz B = 120 MHz 2 = Sub Band 2 H = TX High/RX Low C = 13 GHz C = 311.32 MHz 3 = Sub Band 3 E = 15 GHz D = 140 MHz 4 = Sub Band 4 F = 18 GHz E = 151.614 MHz G = 23 GHz F = 154 MHz I = 26 GHz G = 161 MHz L = 38 GHz H = 245 MHz M = 17 GHz I = 266 MHz J = 315 MHz K = 340 MHz L = 420 MHz M = 490 MHz N = 644 MHz O = 728 MHz P = 1615 MHz Q = 1010 MHz R = 1200 MHz S = 1008 MHz T = 100 MHz U = 475 MHz V = 1232 MHz W = 1260 MHz X = 230 MHz Y = 1560 MHz Z = 700 MHz

Band 1L always mates with Band 1H Band 2L always mates with Band 2H Band 3L always mates with Band 3H Band 4L always mates with Band 4H Example:

23GHz BAND 1 LOW (L)

ODU

23GHz BAND 1 HIGH (H)

ODU


5 INTER FACILITY LINK (IFL) CABLE INSTALLATION & TERMINATION (PHASE 1)

This phase of the installation outlines the necessary steps required to install and terminate the IFL coaxial cable, that is used to interconnect the IDU to the ODU, with the Type-N Male connectors provided in the installation kit. The IFL coaxial cable recommended by Fresnel is Belden 9913.

AIM-34 products include secondary protection using gas tube arrestors that engage above 300V, and semiconductor arrestors that protect from voltages above 100V. The end user is expected to ensure primary lightning protection at each site, and for each link. Failure to do this may lead to damage to AIM-34 equipment which is not covered by warranty

Move the IDU power switch to the OFF position prior to connecting or reconnecting the coaxial cable from the IDU to the ODU. If this guideline is not followed the IDU may not communicate properly with the ODU until the IDU is fully power cycled.

If other IFL coaxial cables are used in place of the Fresnel recommended cable, the instructions contained within this phase of installation may not apply. Use connectors and terminating instructions specifically designed for the IFL coaxial cable being installed.

5.1 Installing the IFL Cable

This process can be performed several different ways, and will often vary depending on the layout of the proposed cable run. Below are some general guidelines that can be followed for the IFL installation.

• Avoid pulling the cable through metal conduits if the ends of the conduits are sharp and unprotected. Also avoid other sharp objects along the cable path, such as metal strapping, and jagged cement risers.

• Allow service loops at both IDU and ODU locations for maintenance and/or equipment repositioning purposes.

• Do not terminate the cable ends until after the cable is in place.


Provide support at various sections of the cable when long lengths of cable are being pulled through elevator shafts and up the sides of a tower. Excessive weight is placed on the cable and stretching of the cable may occur if support is not provided. Also, avoid using excessive force to pull the cable if it becomes difficult to pull during the installation process. Stretching of the cable can change the impedance characteristics causing undesirable operation.

5.2 Terminating the IFL Cable The IFL coaxial cable is comprised of a solid center conductor surrounded by a dielectric, a foil shield, a braided shield, and an outer jacket.

A hexagon crimp tool specified in the installation tools section of this manual is used to crimp both the center pin onto the center conductor of the cable and crimp the sleeve onto the base of the Type-N connector. Figure 5 shows an example of the required crimp tool and die.

Figure 5. Type-N Crimp Tool

The IFL can be terminated using the following steps:

1) Strip the cable to the dimensions shown below: (Do not score the center conductor.)


2) Remove the IFL connector parts from the installation kit and place the center pin over the center conductor of the IFL cable. Crimp it using the .116 in. hex cavity of the crimp tool. The center pin can also be soldered onto the center conductor.

3) Slide the sleeve over the outer jacket of the cable and insert the center pin into the back of the Type-N connector body. Continue to push the center pin into the Type-N connector body until it clips into place and is flush with the front of the Type-N connector body.

4) Slide the sleeve over the braided shield until it is flush with the base of the Type-N connector body. Crimp the sleeve in place using the .429 in. hex cavity of the crimp tool. The termination of the connector is now completed.


6 IDU & UIB INSTALLATION (PHASE 2)

This phase discusses the installation of the IDU, and includes information such as rack mounting instructions, UIB insertion, interface wiring diagrams, and flash memory installation.

6.1 IDU Front Panel Layout

The front panel of the IDU contains various connections for UIBs and management interfacing. Figure 6 list the various interfaces on the IDU:

Figure 6. IDU Front Panel Layout

6.2 Flash Memory Installation/Removal

The IDU contains a slot for inserting a flash memory card. The flash memory card is used to store a software configuration backup for the radio terminal where it’s installed. This allows users to rapidly deploy systems in the field, replace a faulty unit more quickly, and maintain backup copies of radio terminal configurations. The flash memory card comes pre-installed in the IDU. Perform the following steps to install and remove the flash memory card.

Ensure the IDU is powered off prior to inserting or removing the Compact Flash Card. Failure to comply with this caution could cause irreparable damage to the card.


Figure 7. Flash Memory Card Installation

1) If the AIM-34 link is already installed remove the power inputs from the IDU. 2) Remove the Flash Memory Cover Plate, found on the back of the IDU, using a Phillips

head screwdriver.

3) To remove the Flash Memory Card from the IDU the eject button, found on the right hand side of the memory card slot, must be used. The ejection button is normally rotated 90° for storage purposes, and may need to be rotated into a straight position before pressing it to eject the flash card. Once the eject button has been rotated to the straight position it can be pressed in to eject the flash card. The diagrams below show the ejection button in a stored position, being rotated, and in the fully extended (straight) position:

Pushing the eject button in, without straightening it first, could result in damage to the ejection mechanism.


4) Install a flash memory card by inserting it into the IDU chassis with the memory card label facing up.

5) Push the card into the slot until a reasonable stop is felt.

6) Reinstall the Flash Memory Cover Plate with the screws removed in step 1.

To avoid excessive dust intrusion, do not leave the Flash Memory Cover Plate uninstalled.

6.3 Indoor Unit (IDU) Rack Mounting Installation Steps

The IDU is capable of being rack mounted in a standard 19-inch ½ depth rack. Each IDU requires 1RU (1.75 inches or 45mm) of rack space. The rack mounting brackets and screws come preinstalled on the IDU from the factory. However, the IDU chassis contains various mounting positions if other configurations are desired. Perform the following steps to mount the IDU into a 19” ½ depth relay rack:

1) If a different position of the rack mounting brackets is desired, place the IDU on a flat surface. Remove the rack mounting brackets from the IDU chassis. Select the desired mounting position and reattach the rack mounting brackets to the IDU chassis utilizing a Phillips head screwdriver.


2) Place a #12 size lock washer, followed by a #12 size flat washer onto the #12 size screw found in the installation kit. This should be done to all four screws found in the installation kit.

3) Position the IDU in the communications rack at the desired height. Using the #12 size

screws from step 2, secure the IDU brackets to the communications rack. 4) Connect the site ground to the grounding lug provided on the IDU chassis. Additional

IDU grounding information is located in Appendix D. The figure below shows the location of the IDU ground stud.

To minimize potential shock hazards, and possible damage to the radio terminal the equipment should be connected via the grounding stud to a reliable electrical ground at both the IDU and ODU.

6.4 Connecting the IFL Cable to the IDU

Once the IDU is installed the IFL coaxial cable can be connected to the IDU. To assist in the dressing of the cable connection a Type-N Male to Type-N Female right angle adapter has been included in the installation kit. Perform the following steps to connect the IFL cable to the IDU:

Figure 8. IFL to IDU Connection


Ensure that power is not applied to the IDU during the connection of the IFL cable to the IDU. Power should remain off until both ends of the IFL have been properly connected to the IDU and ODU.

1) Connect the female end of the Type-N right angle adapter to the male end of the IFL

coaxial connector. This can be done by rotating the collar of the IFL coaxial connector clockwise to tighten.

2) Make sure that the IDU ON/OFF switch is in the OFF position, and connect the male end

of the Type-N right angle adapter to the Type-N female connector on the IDU. This can be done by rotating the collar of the Type-N right angle adapter clockwise to tighten.

3) After positioning the IFL cable, and dressing it to the relay rack, recheck to make sure the

IFL connector and right angle adapter are still secured.

6.5 UIB Installation Instructions

The IDU contains four slots for housing a variety of UIBs. The IDU will have protective cover plates installed on all slots that are not in use. Before installing or adding additional UIBs the cover plates must be removed. All removed cover plates should be saved in case future IDU configurations warrant the removal of a UIB.

The following steps should be used when inserting a new UIB into the IDU chassis:

1) Turn the IDU power switch to the off position.

The power to the IDU must be turned off prior to the insertion of the UIB. Failure to turn the IDU power off may cause damage to the UIB and/or IDU circuitry.

2) Remove the protective cover plate from the IDU slot where the UIB will be inserted.


To avoid excessive dust intrusion, IDUs containing empty UIB slots should not be left without a protective blank cover plate in place.

3) With the labeling on the UIB faceplate pointed in the upright position, gently slide the UIB into the slot guides until the faceplate of the UIB is flush with the IDU chassis.

4) Secure the UIB into the IDU chassis by turning the locking screws clockwise until hand

tight. A slotted screwdriver can be used to further tighten the locking screws. However, no more than an additional ½ turn should be applied to the hand tight screw.

Table 12. Recommended Cable/Connector Type for UIB Connection

UIB Type Cable/Connector Type

4E1 120 Ohm UIB Shielded RJ45 Connector Standard Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) Cable (such as Category 5) Note: Ensure the cable shield is properly attached to the connector in order to meet EMC performance requirements.

4 E1 75 Ohm UIB 1.0/2.3 STR Plug for RG179 (ITT Industries D55-F24-3079GDA) RG179 B/U cable – 75 Ohm cable


6.6 DC Power Connector Termination

Power is supplied to the AIM-34 radio terminal via a High Power Sub D Connector.

If ETSI class B EMC operation is desired the DC power input cable must consist of 16 AWG stranded copper conductors surrounded by a foil and braided shield. Listed below are various cables, recommended by Fresnel, that can be used if Class B EMC emission requirements need to be met:

Belden (Part Number 9953) Lutze Systematic Technology (Part Number 116-122) Alpha (Part Number 3247)

6.6.1 Direct Current (DC) Connector Parts

Figure 9. DC Connector Parts

Table 13. DC Connector Parts Description

Item # Description Qty.1 Metalized Connector Backshell Top 1

2 Metalized Connector Backshell Bottom

1

3 16AWG Crimp Pins 3 4 High Powered D Connector 1 5 Connector Securing Screws 2 6 Strain Relief Bracket 1 7 Strain Relief Bracket Screws 2


6.6.2 DC Connector Installation Steps

1) Using a 16 AWG stripper, strip each of the 16 AWG conductors to the dimensions shown below.

2) Place a crimp pin onto one of the conductors. Make sure that the conductor is fully seated into the crimp pin, and that no portion of the conductor protrudes from the socket of the crimp pin.

3) Set the DC pin crimp tool to the settings shown below and cycle the handle of the crimp

tool to make sure it is fully open.

4) Insert the DC wire and crimp pin into the base of the crimp tool, and crimp the pin by

fully squeezing the handle of the crimp tool. Crimp all remaining conductors in the same way.

5) Insert the crimped pins into the connector using the pin outs specified below:

Pin # Signal Description A1 DC +

A2 Chassis Ground

A3 DC -

For IDU revisions below rev E, avoid reversing the polarity of the DC+ and DC- when connecting the terminated DC cable to the IDU. Connecting a positive DC input to the DC – terminal or


connecting a negative DC input to the DC+ terminal of the AIM-34 IDU can suffer internal fuse, and other component damage. IDU revisions E and later contain reverse polarity protection.

6) Place the connector into the metalized connector backshell bottom.

7) Place the drain wire of the DC cable into the position shown below, and place the strain

relief bracket into position over the drain wire and DC cable. Secure the strain relief with the 2 strain relief bracket screws.

8) Place the connector securing screws into the metalized connector backshell, and attach

the metalized connector backshell top onto the bottom portion by clipping the two pieces together. The connector is now complete and can be attached to the connector labeled DC Input, located on the front panel of the IDU.


7 ANTENNA INSTALLATION (PHASE 3)

Various antenna manufacturers, antenna sizes, and frequency bands are available for use with the AIM-34 product. For antennas that utilize the Fresnel blind mate interface, detailed instructions are provided with the antenna as part of the antenna installation kit. Complete the installation of the antenna per the instructions provided by the antenna manufacturer. When using the AIM-34 product with an antenna that contains Fresnel’s blind mate interface confirm that the items below have been checked and installed per the antenna vendor instructions.

• Make sure the drain hole on the antenna radome is positioned at the bottom of the antenna. Some manufacturers require the rotation of the radome to meet this requirement.

• For antennas that require the rotation of the antenna feed assembly to determine polarization, ensure the feed is polarized in the orientation dictated by the site licensing information.

• Apply lubricating grease to the O Ring gasket on the blind mate interface to ensure proper sealing and resistance to dry rot.

It is recommended that only experienced personnel should install the AIM-34 system. Local regulations may require the installer to be certified for climbing prior to performing installations on tower structures. Safety equipment should be used i.e. Safety Helmets, Safety Harnesses etc. The area immediately around the tower or site should be roped off and warning signs placed at suitable intervals to ensure that members of the public do not stray into an area of potential danger from falling equipment or tools.

Once the antenna has been installed, per the antenna vendor instructions, rough align the antenna with the other end of the link. This can be done by pointing the local antenna in the general direction of the remote site. For short links, where the remote site can be visually seen, the rough alignment is normally performed by making a visual estimation of the antenna pointing direction. Longer paths are often rough aligned by determining the azimuth between the two site locations and using a compass to point the antenna in the general direction of the remote end.


8 ODU INSTALLATION (PHASE 4)

Installation of the AIM-34 ODU is made simple by Fresnel’s Quick Hang mechanism. This allows the user to temporarily hang the ODU on the antenna, which will free up both hands to secure the four securing clasp. The Quick Hang mechanism consists of two posts (shoulder bolts) that protrude from the locations on the antenna interface side of the ODU (shown in Figure 10). The post can be moved to different positions on the ODU housing if required during the installation. The ODU handle is also removable and can be repositioned to any side of the ODU.

Figure 10. Descriptive ODU Diagram

8.1 Polarization Considerations

Microwave signals can be propagated from the antenna using a vertical or horizontal polarization. The desired polarization can be individually selected by the orientation of the ODU with respect to the antenna interface. A polarization indicator consisting of an arrow and a V is used to determine the polarization of the microwave signal. This indicator is located on the cover of the ODU. Figure 11 depicts the polarization options of the ODU.


Figure 11. ODU Polarization Options

Under normal circumstances the polarization should be the same for both local and remote ODUs. If the polarization configured on one side of the link is vertical and the other end is configured for horizontal, a situation known as cross polarization will occur. Cross polarization will result in 25 – 30 dB of excess path attenuation.

Some antenna manufacturers require the reorientation of the antenna feed, in addition to the orientation of the ODU, to change polarizations of the signal. Check the antenna vendor’s installation instructions to verify if the antenna feed needs to be reoriented to match the polarization requirements of the link.


8.2 Attaching the ODU to the Antenna

1) Align the ODU shoulder bolts with the notches on the antenna mounting plate.

2) Rest the ODU shoulder bolts into the designated slots on the antenna mounting plate

3) Secure the four securing clasp located on each corner of the ODU.

8.3 Connecting the IFL Cable to the ODU

Once the ODU is installed the IFL coaxial cable can be connected to the ODU (Figure 12). To assist in the dressing of the cable connection an optional 90° N-type male to female connector has been included in the installation kit. Perform the following steps to connect the IFL cable to the ODU.


Figure 12. IFL Connection to ODU

Ensure that power is not applied to the IDU during the connection of the IFL cable to the IDU. Power should remain off until both ends of the IFL have been properly connected to the IDU and ODU.

1) Connect the female end of the Right Angle Adapter to the male end of the IFL coaxial

connector. This can be done by rotating the collar of the IFL coaxial connector clockwise to tighten.

2) Make sure that the IDU ON/OFF switch is in the OFF position, and connect the male end of the Right Angle Adapter to the N-type female connector on the ODU. This can be done by rotating the collar of the Right Angle Adapter in a clockwise direction to tighten.

3) After positioning the IFL cable, and dressing it to the antenna mount structure, recheck to make sure the IFL connector and Right Angle Adapter are still tightened down.

4) Using the Coax-Seal contained in the installation kit wrap both the IFL connector and the Right Angle Adapter in a clockwise direction. Each wrap should overlap half of the previous wrap. Make sure both connectors are wrapped entirely. Figure 13 provides a reference for this step.

Wrapping the Coax-Seal in a clockwise direction helps to keep the connectors from loosening up during the wrapping process.


5) Using your finger, mold the Coax-Seal to blend the wraps together. Take special care to make sure the Coax-Seal is molded to seal the location where the Right Angle Adapter mates with the ODU connector. Refer to Figure 13 as a reference.

Figure 13. ODU Coax-Seal

8.4 Grounding the ODU

Grounding of the ODU is required to ensure proper system operation and to help prevent damage to equipment and injury to personnel. Refer to Appendix D for detailed grounding information

1) Attach the site ground to the ODU using the ground stud provided on the ODU chassis. The following figure depicts the location of the ground stud on the ODU


9 INITIAL CONFIGURATION (PHASE 5)

This section addresses the basic operator procedure for configuring one side of a radio link via the CMI windows. Before beginning the actual procedure, it is helpful to understand a few guidelines related to the philosophy of the configuration approach to this radio.

The aggregate bandwidth of the radio link is fundamentally dependent on the total mix of UIB tributaries that are enabled for the radio plus some fixed overhead. The fixed overhead of the aggregate radio link includes all order-wire channels, the management channel PEER channel, and the multiplexing frame overhead including FEC. There are 16 UIB tributaries that may be virtually enabled across the four UIB slots. The tributary numbers are assigned as follows:

Slot 1 Tributaries 1-4 Slot 2 Tributaries 5-8 Slot 3 Tributaries 9-12 Slot 4 Tributaries 13-16

UIB tributaries may be enabled on the AIM-34 without the physical presence of UIB cards in the user slots. This allows a valid RF link to be established between two radios that effectively only transports order-wire and radio management channels.

There are actually two radio link configurations maintained by the AIM-34: the desired link configuration and the active link configuration. Each of the link configurations is considered to include the critical parameters for both UIB tributaries and RF channel frequencies. The desired link configuration is used as an off-line scratch pad configuration allowing the operator to choose from a variety of traffic mix combinations before making one active over the air. The active link configuration transports invalid user data for any enabled UIB tributary that does not have a physical UIB card installed in the chassis slot. Section 9.2 lists the procedures required to configure these settings.

The initial configuration of the AIM-34 is performed by connecting a personal computer (PC) using HyperTerminal, or an equivalent VT-100 terminal emulator, to the RJ-45 console port located on the front of the IDU. This can be done by connecting the DB-9 end of the console adapter to a PC and connecting the RJ45 end of the adapter to the IDU console port using the console cable found in the installation kit. The pin outs for the console adapter are shown in Table 14.

1 765432 8


Table 14. Console Port Adapter Pin Outs RJ-45 Female Pin

Number Signal Name DB-9 Female

Pin Number 1 Not Used Not Used 2 Not Used Not Used 3 Not Used Not Used 4 Console RXD 3 5 Console TXD 2 6 Not Used Not Used 7 Ground 5 8 Not Used Not Used

------------------ Not Used Not Used

9.1 Connecting to the Console Port

The procedure contained in this section provides the necessary steps to connect a PC to the Console management port of the radio and applies to users that have a Windows based PC. Similar steps can be performed using other terminal emulators.

1) Connect the DB-9 end of the console adaptor to an open COM port on the PC, and plug one end of the console adaptor cable into the RJ-45 end of the adaptor. Next, plug the RJ-45 end of the cable into the IDU RJ-45 jack labeled CONS.

2) Starting at the Windows Start Menu select Programs > Accessories > Communications > HyperTerminal. The Connection Description window is displayed.

3) Enter a unique name for the new connection and click the OK button. The Connect To window is displayed.


4) Select an open COM port from the Connect Using: pull down list, and click the OK button. The COM Properties window is displayed.

5) Select the following settings and click the OK button:

Bits per second: 9600 Data bits: 8 Parity: None Stop bits: 1 Flow Control: None


6) The connection to the radio terminal should now be established. If the login prompt is not visible press the Enter key, and the user login prompt is displayed.

9.2 Minimum Configuration Required to Establish a Radio Link

When logging into a system for the first time, the factory default user name and password is required.

The factory default User Name and Password to log into the CMI are as follows:

User Name: admin Password: password

Upon entering in the factory default User Name and Password the system will display the Main menu of the CMI.

If the user menu does not appear, check to make sure the COM port selected is not currently in use by another application. Other programs such as hand held PC synchronization software may be running in the background and can conflict with the COM port resources.

1) Enter the appropriate Password: and press the Enter key. The following window (Figure

14) is displayed.

Figure 14. Main menu Window

2) Select option 1, System Configuration from the Main menu. The System Configuration

window (Figure 15) is displayed.


Figure 15. System Configuration Window

3) Select option 1, Radio Link and UIB Desired Configuration. The UIB Desired

Configuration window (Figure 16) is displayed.

Figure 16. UIB Desired Configuration Window

During the desired link configuration process, the user should focus on this window as well as on subsequent windows. When initially setting up a desired link configuration, this status usually reflects the Invalid Modem Aggregate Bit Rate status. It indicates that an invalid combination of UIB tributaries is selected under the Desired UIB Configuration section.


The first parameter that should be set is the Configure Maximum Channel Bandwidth. This establishes a channel bandwidth limit to which the rest of the desired configuration process adheres.

4) Select option 1, Configure Maximum Channel Bandwidth. In any configuration, the AIM-34 uses of one of three different RF channel bandwidths: 7MHz, 14MHz, or 28MHz. Use the spacebar to change bandwidths and select the Enter key to choose the desired bandwidth.

5) Next begin to select the desired types of virtual UIBs in each of the slots. All tributaries are automatically enabled by default for each UIB type selected. As UIB types are setup, the Aggregate Modem Data Rate Config is displayed accordingly. In addition, the Link Configuration Status item is also updated to indicate if the configuration is valid as each UIB type is defined and tributaries are enabled. Keep in mind that any tributaries that are already active for different slots figure into whether the new configuration is valid or not. Perform the following steps to select the desired types of virtual UIBs. Select option 2 and select the Enter key.

6) The field to the right of the option is activated. Select the space bar until the desired option is displayed. Select the Enter key to make a selection. The following UIB types are available for selection:

E2UIB E3UIB E1UIB120 E1UIB75

In addition, three special types are provided to allow convenient configuration editing: NoChange This type option specifies that no change is to be applied to the Active

Type that is displayed under the Active UIB Reference Parameters for that particular UIB slot.

CopyActive This type option is used to copy the Active Type that is displayed under the Active UIB Reference Parameters. CopyActive also makes a copy of all the currently Active tributary parameters associated with the slot. This makes it possible to start with the currently active UIB configuration parameters (if any) and then make only delta changes to a new desired configuration.

UibUnused This type option is selected in order to remove any UIB type from consideration in the slot’s configuration.

7) Perform the same steps for window options 3, 4, and 5 for the remaining slots as required

until the correct and valid configuration has been entered.


8) Select the [Apply changes] option to apply the changes and see the selections in the Desired Type field.

9) The user has the option of enabling or disabling individual tributaries for any slot.

Perform the following steps to do either.

10) Select option 6, UIB Tributary Desired Configuration. The UIB Tributary Desired Configuration window (Figure 17) is displayed.

Figure 17. UIB Tributary Desired Configuration

11) Select the option number that corresponds to the tributary to be configured and select the

Enter key. The UIB Tributary Desired Configuration window (Figure 18) is displayed.


Figure 18. E1 UIB Tributary Desired Configuration

12) Modify the desired fields. 13) Select the [Apply changes] option to implement any changes made.

14) Select the [Back] option twice to return to the UIB Desired Configuration window.

The Link Configuration Status may be affected as each slot type is selected and as each tributary is enabled or disabled (either by default or specifically in window option 1 above). The number of enabled tributaries for each slot is conveniently tracked on the UIB Desired Configuration window as a quick reference. Each tributary may be weighted differently in constructing a valid link configuration. For example, on the AIM-34 radio, only one enabled E3 tributary is valid across all four UIB slots. Alternately, only some combination of enabled E1 tributaries for a total of 4, 8, or 16 is valid across all four UIB slots.

15) Select the [Next] option. The Radio Link Desired Configuration window (Figure 19) is

displayed.


Figure 19. Radio Link Desired Configuration

16) Select option 1, Configure Link ID and enter a value from 0 - 255. This ID is embedded

in the radio link framing and must match the ID in the remote radio. In some radio networks it may be useful to set the Link ID equal to the ODU channel being selected. However, this is not required and the Link ID may be set freely to whatever valid value is appropriate for link identification purposes.

17) Select option 2, Configure Tx Frequency (KHz) to enter a frequency directly or selection

option 3, Configure ODU Channel and enter a channel number. Whichever option is entered, the other option will be automatically updated when the change is applied. In either case, the RX Frequency is automatically calculated according to the Diplexer Band and the Duplex Frequency. TX / RX Frequency Units represents the frequency tuning step size.

There are several read-only fields in this window:

• Channel Filter Bandwidth - represents the configured filter bandwidth automatically selected based on the Aggregate Modem Data Rate established on the previous page.

• Occupied Channel Bandwidth - represents the actual occupied bandwidth for the Aggregate Modem Data Rate established on the previous page.

• Link Configuration Status - used to indicate the validity of the frequency related parameters chosen by the user.

18) Once a valid Link Configuration Status is attained, the operator is free to activate the

configuration by selecting option 4, Activate Link Configuration. The following window is displayed.


19) Select option 2, Yes to activate the link configuration. 20) Once the link is activated return to the System Configuration window and select option 2,

Radio Link and UIB Active Configuration. The Radio Link Active Parameters window (Figure 20) is displayed.

Figure 20. Radio Link Active Parameters

The Radio Link Active Parameters window contains a list of read only parameters that reflect the state of the RF link associated critical equipment. The Link Lock Status and BER performance may be used to determine if a good RF link has been established. If not the operator can modify parameters in the next window to properly establish a functional RF link. The critical parameters on this page include Tx Signal Level Desired and ODU Manual Mute.

21) Select the [Next] option. The Radio Link Active Configuration window (Figure 21) is displayed.


Figure 21. Radio Link Active Configuration Window

This window contains the radio items that may be modified for the active radio link configuration.

22) The user can modify these fields as necessary. For the AIM-34 model radio, this window also contains certain parameters that have fixed values. For some other AIM-34 model radios, these particular parameters may be modifiable. Once the changes are applied (if necessary) select the [Next] option. The UIB Active Configuration window (Figure 22) is displayed.


Figure 22. UIB Active Configuration Window

This window contains a summary of active UIB types and one item that allows some of the active UIB parameters to be modified.

23) At this point the user can either return to the Main menu or select option 1, UIB Tributary Active Configuration.

24) If option 1 is selected the UIB Active Tributary Configuration window (Figure 23) is

displayed.

Figure 23. UIB Active Tributary Configuration Window


25) UIB tributary parameter configurations for each slot can be changed from this window only if a UIB type is active for the selected slot. For example if an E1UIB120 type is active in slot 1, then selecting option 1 in the window above will display the following E1 UIB Tributary Active Configuration window.

Figure 24. E1 UIB Tributary Active Configuration Window

26) This window may be used to modify any parameters for the active UIB that do not affect

aggregate data bandwidth in the radio. Notice that the UIB Tributary Enable item does not allow the tributary to be disabled when selected and applied in this window. UIB tributaries may only be disabled or enabled on the UIB Tributary Desired Configuration windows. Most other items in this window are associated with UIB user port side configuration and are modifiable while the UIB is active. Select the [Main menu] option to exit this window and return to the Main menu window.

27) Select option 14, Logout to exit the CMI.

The above configuration must be performed on both the local and remote radio links before proceeding to Antenna Alignment – Phase 6.


10 ANTENNA ALIGNMENT (PHASE 6)

If proper RF safety guidelines are NOT followed, prolonged exposure to RF radiated energy can result in injury to installation personnel and/or the general public. Refer to section 1.3 for the minimum safe operating distances from the center of the radiating antenna of an AIM-34 radio terminal.

The antenna alignment phase is the final hardware installation phase that takes place prior to overall system configuration. The main purpose of the antenna alignment phase is to optimize the receive signal level (RSL) being received at both local and remote radio terminals. The final received signal level should meet the level specified by the path analysis. Proper antenna alignment is critical to system performance.

10.1 Calculating Expected Receive Signal Level (RSL)

Expected RSL readings are normally calculated during the path analysis process prior to installing the equipment. If a path analysis was performed, a link budget should have been generated. The expected RSL can normally be found on the link budget under a heading such as Expected RSL, Expected RSSI, or Calculated Receive Signal Level, and is normally expressed in dB. If the expected RSL value cannot be obtained from the path analysis it can be estimated by using the formulas contained in the following subsections:

10.1.1 Free Space Loss Formula This formula can be used to determine the amount of loss a particular frequency will experience over a specified distance.

Lfs = 32.45 + 20 log d + 20 log f Where: Lfs = Free space path loss, dBm d = distance, kilometers f = frequency, MHz (this is the transmitting frequency of the AIM-34) Example: An AIM-34 product operating at 38GHz over a distance of 2km. Lfs = 32.45 + 20 log d + 20 log f Lfs = 32.45 + 20 log 2 + 20 log 38000MHz Lfs = 32.45 + 20 (.301) + 20 (4.579)


Lfs = 32.45 + 6.02 + 91.58 Lfs = 130.05dBm

If the distance is in miles the formula listed above can be modified by using 36.56 in place of 32.45.

10.1.2 Receive Signal Level Calculation Formula Use the following formula to determine the expected RSL. RSL = LTP + LAG + RAG – Lfs Where: RSL = Receive Signal Level LTP = Local Transmitter Power, dBm

LAG = Local Antenna Gain, dBi RAG = Remote Antenna Gain, dBi Lfs = Free space path loss (obtained from Step 1 calculation)

Example: An AIM-34 product operating over a distance of 2km @ 38GHz with 1ft/.3m antennas on both local and remote terminals. The transmitter power is set to +10dBm.

RSL = LTP + LAG +RAG – Lfs RSL = +10 + 39.5 + 39.5 – 130.05 RSL = -41.05dBm

10.2 Expected AGC Reading

To aid in the alignment process, Figure 25 provides an approximate relationship of the antenna alignment voltage vs. the receive signal level (RSL).


Typical RSL vs. Voltage Chart

-100

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

Antenna Alignment (BNC Connector) Voltage

RSL

(dB

m)

Figure 25. RSL vs. Alignment Voltage Reference Chart

10.3 Antenna Radiation Patterns

The parabolic antennas that are used with the AIM-34 product are designed to focus a transmitted signal to increase its strength in a specific direction. The increase in strength is known as antenna gain and is normally expressed in dBi. A majority of the signal is focused into what is known as the main lobe. However, reduced signal levels known as sidelobes also get propagated in other directions. The strongest of the sidelobes are the 1st and 2nd sidelobes. The goal of antenna alignment is to ensure that the main lobes of the local and remote antennas are pointed directly at each other to maximize the received signal levels at both ends of the link. Figure 26 depicts the various lobes that are propagated from a directional parabolic antenna.

Figure 26. Lobes Propagated From a Directional Parabolic Antenna


10.4 Alignment Procedure

This procedure should only be followed after all previous installation phases have been performed on both the local and remote radio terminals. This process can be made easier by placing one person at each antenna location during the alignment process. However, alignment should be performed on one antenna at a time, each person alternating turns until the RSL is optimized. Listed below are the steps required to properly align the antennas:

If the link is being installed in an area containing dense concentrations of other wireless equipment the user may opt to mute the transmitter on the end of the link that is being aligned. This will reduce the chances of unintentionally interfering with other radio links as the antenna is swept through the azimuth and elevation planes.

1) Start at one end of the link and connect the BNC Male end of the Antenna alignment cable to the AGC port on the ODU. Connect the other end to a voltmeter. For purposes of this procedure, this site will be known as site 1.

2) Ensure the voltmeter is set to DC voltage and placed on a range capable of measuring 0 – 5 volts DC.

3) Loosen the antenna hardware that is used for securing the antennas movement in the azimuth directions.

4) Slowly sweep the antenna from left to right while observing the readings on the voltmeter. A higher voltage equals a higher receive signal level. As the antenna is swept from left to right, the voltage will go through a variety of peaks and troughs. Each peak is one of the previously discussed lobes, the highest of which is the main lobe.

5) Secure the azimuth adjustment hardware once the main lobe is found and the highest signal level is achieved.


6) Loosen the antenna hardware that is used for securing the antennas movement in the elevation direction. Slowly sweep the antenna from top to bottom while observing the voltmeter. The same principals used when aligning the azimuth apply to aligning the elevation. The signal must be peaked on the highest voltage reading to ensure alignment of the main lobes. Once the signal is peaked the elevation adjustment hardware can be secured.

7) Perform Steps 1 through 5 on the opposite end of the link, until the signal level is peaked for both azimuth and elevation. At this point of the antenna alignment procedure, the signal levels should be getting close to the levels specified in the link budget. For purposes of this procedure this site will be known as site 2.

8) To further optimize the RSL, loosen the azimuth and elevation fine adjustment hardware on site 1. The fine adjustment mechanisms can then be used to slowly sweep the antenna from left to right, and up and down, to further peak the signal. Once the signal is at its maximum, the azimuth and elevation fine adjustment hardware can be secured and torqued to the antenna manufacturers specifications.

Keep the voltmeter attached to the AGC port during the final tightening of the adjustment hardware. This will ensure that the alignment is not compromised.

9) After the AGC voltages have been peaked on both ends of the link, observe the RSL indicated by the CMI software. Ensure that the RSL is within +/- 5dB of the expected RSL. Since the AIM-34 has a transmitter tolerance of +/- 2dB and a receive tolerance of +/- 3dB. The indicated RSL could vary by +/- 5dB.

Example: The transmitter at one end of the link is 2dB lower than the stated output power, and the remote receiver is indicating a 3dB lower RSL than actual. This would be a worst case scenario where the displayed RSL would indicate 5dB lower than the expected RSL.


11 REDUNDANCY SYSTEM OVERVIEW

For applications that require increased link availability and/or reliability, the AIM-34 radio system can be installed in protected (1 + 1) configurations. In addition, existing non-protected (1 + 0) radio links can be easily upgraded to a protected configuration by the addition of redundancy hardware.

AIM-34 redundancy system supports several types of configurations, all of which provide protection against hardware failures. Some forms of redundancy also help to provide protection against frequency and path related outages. Overviews of the redundancy types supported by the AIM-34 system are described below:

Hot Standby This configuration uses the same frequency pair on both the active and standby systems. Since the same transmitter frequency is used between the “main” and “standby” radios, the system can be configured to mute the standby transmitter to avoid interference with the active portion of the radio link. At the remote end, both the main and standby radios receive and demodulate the same signal, however, only one receiver actively outputs the digital signal to the customer premise equipment.

Space Diversity In addition to providing protection against hardware failures this configuration is also used to help overcome the risk of outages due to multipath fading. This configuration is similar to hot standby configurations except space diversity requires the use of two antennas at the protected ends of the radio link. Each antenna is spaced apart on the mounting structure to diversify the received signals. Typically the antennas are spaced 200 wavelengths apart for optimum diversity protection. The same frequency pair is used for both the active and standby radios, but only the transmitter of the active radio remains on. However, both the active and standby receivers are on simultaneously and are monitored for the best performance. The best performing baseband output is then decoded and only one receiver actively outputs the digital signal to the customer premise equipment.

Frequency Diversity Two separate frequency pairs are used with this type of redundancy. Both the active and standby systems are active simultaneously since interference between the two is not an issue, however, only one receiver actively outputs the digital signal to the customer premise equipment. This form of redundancy helps to provide protection against an unintentional interferer, and protection against path anomalies such as ducting and inversions that tend to be frequency specific. If frequency diversity mode is desire both IDUs should be configured so that the standby ODU transmitter is un-muted. This allows both transmitters to be active at the same time.

Polarization Diversity Redundancy applications that use this form of diversity operate on the same frequency but the active and standby links are polarized differently. One link is vertically polarized while the other is horizontal. In this configuration only one transmitter is active at the same time, but both receivers are active simultaneously and monitored for the best performance, however, only one receiver actively outputs the digital signal to the customer premise equipment.


11.1 Redundancy System Requirements

Table 15 describes the minimum software (SW) and hardware (HW) revisions required for support of redundancy and various redundancy features:

Table 15. Redundancy System Requirements

Redundancy Feature IDU Hardware Revision Software Release

Single Carrier 1 + 1 HW Revision E3 and above 0.20 and above

Hitless Switching HW Revision E3 and above 0.21 and above

Dual Carrier F1 0.21 and above

11.2 Terminology

Table 16. Redundancy Terminology

Term Definition

Active The radio currently carrying customer traffic. The Indoor Unit (IDU) is sending its receive data to the RIU and transmitting its customer data to one or both IDUs.

Remote A radio at the far end of the link.

Standby This is the secondary or backup radio. The output of the standby radio UIB tributaries are disabled.

Local The radio being communicated with (through SNMP, Telnet, CMI, etc.).

Opposite The radio paired with the local one in a redundancy chassis. Note that each radio refers to itself as the “local” and its partner as the “opposite”.

Failed Ineligible for active. A device is inoperable and is awaiting a reset from the user so the radio may attempt to use it once more.

Auto Not under Orderwire Interface Board (OIB) manual control. Auto allows the two radios to work together to maintain an active link.

End Point One end of a (1+1) link.

Peer Processor at remote side of link (could be two in diversity cases).

11.3 Switchover Logic

11.3.1 Single Carrier Operation

Figure 27 illustrates single carrier redundancy operation.


UIB IDU

UIB IDU

RIB

UIB IDU

UIB IDU

RIBUserData

Local A, Active

Local B, Muted& Standby

Remote A, Active

Remote B, Standby

UserData

F1

F1

Protection LinkCable

Figure 27. Redundancy Link Switching System Block Diagram, Single Carrier

The tributary data enters the RIU where it is passively split into an A and B path. The A path is routed to the top IDU (local, A) and the B path is routed to the bottom IDU (local B). Local A is active and local ODU B is muted as standby. Local A transmits on frequency F1. Both remote radios receive the transmission. Remote radio A is active, so its UIB transmits data to the RIB. Remote radio B is in standby, but without faults. As there are no faults, remote B sends received data to remote A across the hitless switch connection. The hitless switch function automatically selects the best receive path and forwards the data to the active UIB in remote radio A. The standby UIB in remote B is muted.

11.3.2 Dual Carrier Operation

Figure 28 illustrates dual carrier operation. This mode supports spatial diversity, frequency diversity, or polarization diversity.

UIB IDU

UIB IDU

RIB

UIB IDU

UIB IDU

RIBUserData

Local A, Active

Local B, Standby

Remote A, Active

Remote B, Standby

UserData

F1 or Pol1

Protection LnkCable

F2 or Pol2

Protection LinkCable

Figure 28. Redundancy Link Switching System Block Diagram, Dual Carrier

The tributary data enters the RIU where it is passively split into an A and B path. The A path is routed to the top IDU (local, A) and the B path is routed to the bottom IDU (local B). Local A is active and local ODU B is un-muted as standby. Local A transmits on frequency F1 or polarization 1. Local B transmits on frequency F2 or polarization 2. The frequency and/or polarization must be different so that transmitted carriers do not interfere. Local B obtains the aggregate transmit stream from Local A across the hitless switch connection, not the UIB. This keeps AMUX frames synchronized in both transmit carriers. Remote radios receive the specific transmission. Remote radio A is active, so its UIB transmits data to the RIB. Remote radio B is in standby, but without faults. As there are no faults, remote B sends received data to remote A across the hitless switch connection. The hitless switch function automatically selects the best


receive path and forwards the data to the active UIB in remote radio A. The standby UIB in remote B is muted.

11.3.3 Hitless Switching

Hitless switching selects a preferred receiver path from a (1+1) ODU pair without dropping data. Hitless switching circuitry monitors the receive decoder error correction metric to select the preferred path in real time. The hitless switch always starts on the local (active) path, and then switches between paths on a decoder error event. Path switching will not cause bit errors in the user traffic stream, hence the term “hitless”. The active IDU/UIBs always generate the transmit stream regardless of the hitless switch state. The active IDU processor engages the hitless switch by default conditional on two non-faulted IDUs and frame synchronization in both receiver paths. Any IDU fault disables hitless switching.

Figure 29 displays the ODU and IDU being treated as the “active path”. If the ODU were to fail, the IDU will not attempt to use the opposite ODU, rather a failover will occur and the standby IDU/ODU pair will then become active.

Figure 29. Hitless Switching

Once a fault occurs, it will remain so until the user manually clears the fault condition. Each radio (IDU/ODU pair) has a current state that is either active, standby, or faulted. If the user

IDU A IDU B

TXRX

Primary Radio

RIU

Customer Interface

Standby Radio

TXRX

The oppositeODU may beconfigured as

muted orunmuted

During hitlessswitching, the primaryIDU makes use of both

ODUs, selecting thebest of both RX

streams in real time tominimize errors

All redundancyactions are

transparent to thecustomer data

interface.

ODU BODU A


clears the fault condition, the radio will attempt to become eligible for standby (or active) duty but could fall back to the failed state if the problem remains. This is contingent, however on whether the user wishes the radio to automatically negotiate around faults.

11.4 Redundant Interface Unit (RIU)

The Redundant Interface Unit (RIU) allows for two (with OIB installed) or three (no OIB installed) protection interfaces of IDU UIBs. As the IDU contains four slots for different UIBs, a second RIU is required for complete protection of all four UIB slots. No more than 4RU of rack space is required for a fully loaded, protected AIM-34 radio.

The RIU is a 1RU 19” rack mounted housing. RIBs and an OIB can be inserted into the RIU, depending on customer desired configurations. The RIU accepts up to three interface boards and placement of these boards can be mixed in the RIU.

Figure 30 depicts the RIU concept with removable interface boards:

Figure 30. Redundant Interface Unit (RIU) with RIBs and OIB

11.5 Orderwire Interface Boards (OIBs)

The RIU also accommodates an optional OIB. The OIB splits the orderwire channels and alarm signals that feed each IDU. The OIB includes an Ethernet hub to interconnect (1+1) IDU management channels into a single interface. The OIB obtains power from the “host” IDUs without needing an additional power connector.

The Orderwire Interface Board (OIB) provides the splitting and combining functions for the overhead channels of the local (A) and opposite (B) radio system. Radio overhead channels that are protected are:

a) Ethernet 10/100BT Peer Channel (for SNMP management) b) ASOW for point-to-point RS232 data connectivity c) SOW for point-to-point RS422 data connectivity

The OIB provides a 3-port Ethernet hub function. The Ethernet hub connects the A and B ethernet ports to a single interface NMS system.

The OIB also includes a locking 3-position switch to manually select either “A” radio, “B” radio, or Auto mode. This switch (shown in Figure 31) provides a manual override for a local partner


and overrides all possible software choices. Pending this switch’s setting, the user may apply further settings. The OIB also includes LED indications of on-line status.

Figure 31. OIB Three-Position Switch

Since both ODUs participate in hitless switching, they are in effect active. The LED state reflects this and also helps distinguish between hitless switching taking place and not.

Each IDU is connected via a Protection Link cable. The RIU OIB card is connected to both IDUs for LEDs and a manual override switch. The switch state is read by both IDUs, and in turn, the LED states are driven by software within each IDU. An example of an OIB switch and LEDs is shown in Table 17.

A

B

Auto

Manual switch

SNMP/CMI overrides of Auto?

A is

active

B is

active

Radio decides

Soft-override: Force “A”

No soft overrides


Table 17. OIB Switch and LED Indication Descriptions

IDU A ODU A IDU B ODU B LED Indication Description

Green Green Off Off IDU A and ODU A are active

Off Off Green Green IDU B and ODU B are active

Green Off Off Green IDU A and ODU B are active

Off Green Green Off IDU B and ODU A are active

Green Flashing Off Flashing IDU A is active, hitless switching between ODU A and ODU B is active

Off Flashing Green Flashing IDU A is active, hitless switching between ODU A and ODU B is active

11.6 Redundant Interface Boards (RIBs)

The RIB is designed to allow 1+0 to 1+1 upgrades without changing interfaces or UIB types. Each RIB contains connectors that allow tributary connections to and from the corresponding UIB on the active and standby IDUs. RIBs also contain a common input/output connector for each tributary. The common connectors are used to provide a single tributary connection from the protected radio system to the customer external interface.

Each RIB is designed using all passive components to minimize the probability of a single point failure. Passive splitters in the RIB are used to divide tributary data to the active and standby IDUs. These passive splitters attenuate the tributary signal by approximately 3 dB. When redundancy is enabled the software automatically increases the output level of the IDU UIB tributaries to compensate for this 3dB loss.

11.7 Antenna Options

11.7.1 Dual Antenna Option for (1+1) End Point

In a dual antenna protection scheme, each ODU is mounted to the back of its own antenna. The signals from the remote radio are received by the antennas independently, fed to each ODU and individually processed by its respective IDUs. The user may program the IDU for redundancy switching. The user is also free to set transmission polarity.

11.7.2 Single Antenna Option for (1+1) End Point

With single antenna protection schemes, each ODU is mounted to a coupler assembly that combines both ODU antenna ports into a single port that is fed to the antenna. Two coupler options should be available: equal split, where the signal is split equally by approximately 3 dB to each ODU, and an unequal loss coupler where the signal is coupled by about 1 dB (main) and about 6 dB (standby) to each ODU. Also, the coupler may be either “remote mount” with


flexible waveguide interfaces or “integrated” with direct ODU mating. Frequency diversity within the same waveguide frequency band is supported with the coupler. With integrated coupling, vertical co-polarization is default.

Table 18. ODU/Antenna Redundancy Hardware/Performance Summary

Comparison Category Dual antenna No coupler No flex w/g

Single Antenna w/ component coupler and 1m of flextwist w/g

Single Antenna w/ integrated coupler

# antennas (per link) 4 2 2

# Splitter/Coupler plate (per link) 0 2 2

# Flex w/g (per link) 0 4 0

# Remote ODU Mtg. Kits (per link) 0 4 0

Polarization (LinkA/LinkB) V/V, H/H, V/H, H/V

V/V H/H

V/V H/H

Loss on the Primary A Link, dB (relative to 1+0 link) 0 dB

-4.4 dB (3dB split) -2.5 dB (6 dB split)


Loss on the secondary A Link, dB (relative to 1+0 link) 0 dB




12 REDUNDANCY EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION The information contained in this section describes the installation of a radio link in redundant configurations. This installation is subdivided into the following three areas:

Outdoor Equipment Installation All aspects related to the installation of the outdoor portion of a protected system are discussed in this section. Equipment installation outlined in this section includes ODU mounting configurations, splitter/coupler installation, feed line installation, and antenna configuration options.

Indoor Equipment Installation This area pertains to the installation of all indoor related portions of a protected radio link, such as IDU rack mounting configurations, RIU installation, RIB and OIB installation, and system cabling requirements. Redundancy Link Configuration The software configuration of an installed redundancy system, using the CMI is outline in this section.

12.1 Outdoor Equipment Installation

The outdoor installation starts with the antenna. The antenna hardware is shipped with detailed installation instructions. The remaining of the outdoor installation is dependent on the type of redundancy architecture being used.

12.1.1 1+1 Dual Antenna (Space, Frequency, and Polarization Diversity)

Each antenna and ODU should be set up as if it were an individual link. Start with IDU A and ODU A and follow the mounting and pointing instructions in the Installation Instructions for Outdoor Unit (ODU) Mounting & Antenna Alignment (document number 95-0008). These instructions ship with each ODU and can also be found in this manual. Repeat the antenna/ODU installation process for Link B. Figure 32 shows a typical dual antenna outdoor hardware configuration.

Both A and B antennas and ODUs can be mounted and given a coarse initial pointing. However, for fine pointing resolution it is recommended that one link be turned off while fine pointing is done.


Figure 32. Typical Dual Antenna Outdoor Configuration

12.1.2 1+1 Component Coupler, Flex w/g and Remote Mount ODUs

Figure 33 shows a waveguide component coupler. At 7/8 GHz the 1+1 component coupler contains 3 type N female connectors. Figure 34 shows the component coupler installed on a single antenna with two flex waveguide feeding two remote mounted ODUs. The 1+1 component coupler is mounted to the antenna feed port by the waveguide bolts. For 7/8 GHz systems, 3 type N low loss superflex coaxial jumpers are recommended.

The 7 and 8 GHz radio bands require the use of low loss Type N coaxial cables such as Superflex for making connections between the ODU and the coupler, remote mount, and/or antenna. Using standard RG-8 is not recommended due to the high losses at 7 and 8 GHz.

Antenna

Outdoor Unit

Remote Mount Kit

Flex w/g

Surge Protector Kit


Figure 33. Front and Back Side View of a Waveguide Component 1+1 Coupler

Installation Instructions for 13GHz and Higher Outdoor Unit (ODU) Remote Mount (document number 95-0007) and Installation Instructions for 7/8 GHz Outdoor Unit (ODU) Remote Mount, Generation II (document number 95-0009) contain detailed instructions for installing a remote mounting bracket and attaching flex w/g or coaxial jumper cables.

While on the ground verify that the w/g flanges of the antenna and the flexible waveguide are the correct size to mate with the component coupler. Also verify that the remote mount kits contain the correct blind mate adapter for the flexible waveguide.

Figure 34. Outdoor 1+1 Coupler Installation (Typical for 13-40 GHz)

ODU Side Antenna Side

Surge Protector Kit

Outdoor Unit

(ODU)

Antenna

Remote Mount

KitFlexible

Waveguide

ODU Component

Coupler


12.2 Indoor Equipment Installation

12.2.1 Redundant Interface Unit (RIU) Rack Setup

The initial rack setup includes mounting the IDUs and the RIU(s). For procedures on mounting the IDUs refer to Section 6.3 of this manual.

Installation of the IDU and RIU protection equipment is done using one of the following two configurations:

Single RIU This configuration is used when the protection of two or less UIBs is being performed. This configuration requires three rack unit spaces (3U) (shown in Figure 35).

Figure 35. Single RIU Rack Installation (3RU)

Dual RIU Protection of three or more UIB cards requires the use of a second RIU. This configuration requires four rack unit spaces (4U). An example is provided in Figure 36. IDU A is on the top, followed by an RIU with a 2 RIBs for 8E1 data signals. Below the first RIU is a second RIU with 2 RIBs for 8E1 signals. At the bottom of the stack is IDU B.

Figure 36. Dual RIU Rack Installation (4RU)

44-0

Perform the following procedure to rack mount an RIU.

1) If a different position of the rack mounting brackets is desired, place the RIU on a flat surface. Remove the rack mounting brackets from the RIU chassis. Select the desired mounting position and reattach the rack mounting brackets to the RIU chassis utilizing a Phillips head screwdriver.

2) Place a #12 size lock washer, followed by a #12 size flat washer onto the #12 size screw found in the installation kit. This should be done to all four screws found in the installation kit.

3) Position the RIU in the communications rack at the desired height. Using the #12 size screws from step 2, secure the RIU brackets to the communications rack.

4) Connect the site ground to the grounding lug provided on the RIU chassis. Additional RIU grounding information is located in Appendix D of this manual.

To minimize potential shock hazards the equipment should be connected via the grounding lug to a reliable electrical ground.

12.2.2 RIU Cabling Connection Overview

RIBs and OIBs conform to the following design: "Common" tributary Input/Output (I/O) on the right and split ports A and B on the left. The RIBs have port A on the top and B on the bottom. Figure 36 shows this layout for a 4E1 RIB. The 4 Common ports (1 thru 4) on the right are split into 4 “A” data ports on the upper left and 4 “B” data ports on the lower left.

Common Tributary I/O

B data signals route to IDU B

A data signals route to IDU A

004 Fresnel proprietary 70

Figure 37. Typical Redundancy Interface Board (RIB) layout


Cables for connecting the A and B data signals to IDU A and IDU B are provided with each RIB or OIB assembly.

Table 19 summarizes the data cables.

The length of the cables provided with the RIBs and OIB have been selected to allow easy installation and routing when IDUs and RIUs are rack mounted as shown. Alternative non-contiguous configurations may not work with the cables provided and there is no guarantee of performance.

Table 19. Summary of RIBs/OIBs with Associated Cables

4E1 RIB, 75 ohm P/N 27-0071-9010 16 cables, 1.0/2.3 75 ohm

4xE1 RIB, 120 Ohm RJ45 P/N 27-0070-9020 8 cables RJ-45 shielded CAT5

1x E3 or 1x E2 P/N 27-0072-9030 4 cables, BNC 75 ohm

Order Wire Interface Board (OIB) P/N 6 cables, RJ-45 2 cables RJ-11 1 “Y” cable DB15 to SCSI 26p


12.2.3 Cable Connection Procedure

Perform the following procedure to connect the various redundancy cables.

1) Power off IDU A and IDU B.

2) Connect the Common I/O interfaces to their appropriate ports on the OIB and RIBs. Common I/O interfaces our customer cables from routers, switches, etc. The cables for common interfaces are not provided.

The pinouts for the Common I/O interfaces are identical to the pinouts on a standalone IDU UIB. The OIB port Enet A routes to IDU A’s Enet port. The OIB port Enet B routes to IDU B’s Enet port.

3) Using the cables provided with each RIB, route a jumper cable from the A tributaries on the RIB to the appropriate UIB tributary on IDU A.

4) Using the cables provided with each RIB, route a jumper cable from the B tributaries on the RIB to the appropriate UIB tributary on IDU B.

The number of cables can become quite large. For 16 E1 configurations, Figure 38 provides an example of proper jumper cable routing between IDU A and the RIU. Figure 39 shows a similar plan for IDU B connection.

Figure 38. IDU A (Top) Block Cabling Plan for 16 E1


Figure 39. IDU B (Bottom) Block Cabling Plan for 16 E1

5) Using the cables provided with the OIB, route jumper cables from IDU A to the appropriate A interfaces on the OIB.

6) Using the cables provided with the OIB, route jumper cables from IDU B to the appropriate B interfaces on the OIB.

Figure 40. OIB Jumper Diagram

7) Attach the Protection Link cables (shown in Figure 41) between IDUs. P/N 32-0128-HS-

KIT.


Figure 41. Protection Link Cables

One cable is shorter than the other to allow nesting when installed. Port A on the upper IDU routes to Port B on the lower IDU andPort B on the upper routes to port A on the lower, outer port to outer port, inner port to inner port. Figure 42 shows the correct connection of the Protection Link cables.

Figure 42. Connection of the Protection Link Cables

8) Connect the “Y” cable to the Digital/1+1 port on each IDU and insert the 26 pin connector into the OIB port Digital/1+1 on the OIB in the RIU chassis. Refer to Figure 41 for proper “Y” cable connection.

9) Refer to Section 6.5 and 6.6 of this manual to connect the IFL cables and DC Power Connector to IDU A and B.

Outer connectors are mated with each other

Inner connectors are mated with each other


Figure 43. Y Cable Connection

12.3 Redundancy Link Configuration

This section outlines the necessary steps required to configure a redundant link using the CMI.

For single carrier redundancy configurations the transmit channels and link IDs must be configured the same for each radio in a terminal link.

Perform the following procedure to configure the link for redundancy.

1) Put the OIB three-position switch in the A position at both the local and remote site.

2) Power the A radios on at both the local and remote site as required.

3) Configure the UIB and radio parameters on the A radio at the local and remote site per Section 9.2 of this manual.

4) Configure the redundancy parameters per Sections 12.3.2.

5) Once both sites are properly configured align the antenna(s) per Section 10 of this manual.

6) Power the A radios down at both the local and remote sites.

7) Power the B radios up at both the local and remote sites.

8) Put the OIB three-position switch in the B position at both the local and remote site.

“Y”-Cable connector labeled “B”, for lower IDU

“Y”-Cable connector labeled “A”, for upper IDU


9) Configure the UIB and radio parameters on the B radio at the local and remote site per section 9.2 of this manual.

10) Configure the redundancy parameters per Sections 12.3.2.

11) Once both sites are properly configured align the antenna(s) per Section 10 of this manual.

If single antenna configurations are used this step has already been performed and can be ignored.

12.3.1 Configuring the IDU for Redundancy

A majority of the IDU Redundancy configuration is performed from the Management Redundant IDU Interface Configuration window of the CMI. This window is shown in Figure 44. A description of the configurable parameters and status items provided on this window are listed in this section.

Detailed instructions used to connect to the CMI through the console port are outlined in Section 9 and Section 9.1 of this manual.

Figure 44. Management Redundant IDU Interface Configuration Window

Configurable Parameters


Redundancy Enable This option is used to enable or disable redundancy. When [False] is selected the opposite radio is ignored. This option must be set to [True] for redundancy to be active. RIU Mute Standby ODU This parameter allows two options [Enabled] or [Disabled]. When [Enabled] is selected the radio terminal will mute its transmitter when it is in standby mode so as not to interfere with the active radio. This parameter should be enabled when both active and standby radios are operating on the same frequency channel using single carrier modes of operation. RIU Override Local To Active This parameter allows the user to force the radio to become active radio regardless of its status. However use of this parameter does not override the manual switch contained on the OIB. The manual switch must be in the “Auto” position for this parameter to function. RIU Clear Faults This parameter engages failure reversion when automatic redundancy recovery is not selected. If the IDU encounters a fault and the fault resolves itself, the IDU will remain in standby forever until an operator manually clears the fault condition using this parameter. RIU Preferred State This variable sets the default state for the IDU on power-up: Active or Standby. Normally one IDU should be configured as active and the other IDU should be configured as standby. If both IDUs are configured the same (both active or both standby) the software will automatically select which IDU will be active. RIU Redundancy Recovery Redundancy recovery selects the failure reversion mode. The radio can either resume redundancy and therefore become “Active” if needed (auto mode, the default) or will forever remain in a faulted “Standby” state until the customer has told the redundancy software it is OK to continue (manual mode).

Status Parameters

RIU Current State Current state of the redundancy system: Initializing, Standby, Active, or Faulted. Initializing only occurs during startup. RIU Current TX ODUs This variable indicates which ODUs are transmitting. The possible states are: None, Local, or Both. This will be different depending on IDU. A standby IDU will likely mute his ODU and therefore say None, whereas the active IDU will say Local. In the case of frequency diversity, the active IDU will say Both. Since an IDU cannot transmit from the opposite’s ODU, there is no “remote” choice. RIU Current RX ODUs This variable indicates the active ODU receive path. The possible states are: None, Local, or Both. If hitless switching is engaged and


both ODUs are healthy, “Both” will appear. This should be the most common result. RIU Current RX Source This is either none, local, or opposite. If hitless switching is off it will always say local (for the active) and none (for the standby). If hitless switching is on it will say either local or opposite on the active IDU based on which ODU receive stream currently has the lowest block error rate. The active IDU may change this variable on a microsecond basis. RIU Current Hitless Switch This variable indicates if hitless switching is enabled. If the IDU is active and the other IDU is not faulted, then hitless switching will become enabled when the AMUX super-frames synchronize. RIU Current Opposite Radio State Options are notdetected, initializing, faulted, standby, and active. If the Protection Link cables are properly connected, this variable should not indicate “notdetected.” Otherwise, this variable indicates the state of the opposite IDU.

12.3.2 Configuring the IDU for Redundancy Using the CMI

Perform the following procedure to enable redundancy through the CMI.

1) Login to the CMI. The CMI Main menu is displayed.

2) Select option 1, System Configuration.

3) Select option 6, Management Redundant IDU Interface Configuration. The Management Redundant IDU Interface Configuration window (Figure 44) is displayed.

4) Select option 1, Redundancy Enable. Using the space bar select the [True] option and press the Enter key.

5) Select option 2, RIU Mute Standby ODU. Using the spacebar select [True] or [False] and then press the Enter key.

If this option is set to [True] then the transmitter of the standby ODU will remain off (muted). This parameter should be set to [True] when a protected link is being installed in Hot Standby, Space Diversity, and Polarization Diversity configurations so the standby transmitter will not interfere with the active receiver.

If this option is set to [False] then the transmitter of the standby ODU will remain on (unmuted). This parameter should be set to [False] when installing a protected radio link in a Frequency Diversity configuration.

6) Select option 3, RIU Override Local to Active. Using the spacebar select the [True] or [False] option then press the “Enter” key. Selecting [True] causes the IDU to become the active radio regardless of its state. However this option cannot override the manual


override switch located on the front panel of the OIB. Under normal operating conditions this parameter should be left in the [False] state.

7) Select option 4, RIU Clear Faults. Using the spacebar select the [True] or [False] option then press the “Enter” key.

8) Select option 5, RIU Preferred State. Using the spacebar select the [Active], or [Standby] option and press the “Enter” key.

This parameter is used to specify which radio terminal in a protected endpoint will be the [Active] (Primary) radio and which one is the [Standby] (secondary) radio. This parameter is especially important when the ODUs are attached to a single antenna using an unequal loss coupler. Normally the radio terminal that is connected to the lowest loss port on the coupler should be configured as the [Active] terminal. This will ensure that performance is optimized under normal operating conditions.

If one radio terminal in an endpoint is configured to be [Active] then the other terminal should be configured as [Standby]. This should be done on both ends of the protected radio link.

Only one IDU can be active or standby at a time so if both IDUs are configured the same the software will automatically select which becomes active and which becomes standby. However, this software selection does not take into account which terminal is connected to the most optimal coupler port, so manual configuration of this parameter is highly recommended.

9) Select option 6, RIU Redundancy Recovery. Using the spacebar select from the [Auto],

[Manual], or [Not Selected] options and then press the “Enter” key. Normally this parameter should be left in the default [Auto] configuration.

Redundancy recovery is the condition where a fault has occurred but everything is back to functioning correctly. The radio can either resume redundancy and therefore become “Active” if needed (auto mode, the default) or will forever remain in a faulted “Standby” state until the customer has told the redundancy software it is OK to continue (“Manual” mode).


12.4 Management Connectivity in Redundant Links

Various management connectivity scenarios can exist when the radio link is operated in redundant configurations. Changes in the radios management topology occur when a radio terminal switches from active to standby and/or when hitless switching selects a different receiver. The AIM-34 uses host routing between the peer channel and redundancy interfaces to help ensure management connectivity over the radio link when topology changes occur. The hosts routes are automatically setup and maintained by the radio software and require no user intervention. If needed, static routes can also be assigned to the IDU Management Router.

When redundant switchovers occur the convergence time for the host routes to update, and reestablish management connectivity across the link, is normally within a few seconds under most circumstances. Figure 45 shows various routing possibilities for a redundant radio link.

Figure 45. Redundant Link Management Traffic Routing Possibilities


12.4.1 Redundant Link IP Configuration Examples This section provides an example IP configuration for a redundancy application. The example provided utilizes private IP address ranges and can be used to configure standalone radio links in the field for IP connectivity during installation and maintenance.

Many networks use private addresses for internal network communications. If any of the Ethernet (ENET) Management Ports are going to be connected to a network the IP addresses used in the example configurations may conflict with existing address assignments. Consult the network administrator before connecting the system to a live network.

The AIM-34 software automatically assigns private IP addresses to the peer channel and redundancy interfaces of the internal management router. The private address ranges used are listed below: Peer Channel:

Range -192.168.128.0 Mask – 255.255.192.0

IDU-IDU Redundancy Interface: Range – 192.168.192.0 Mask – 255.255.192.0

When assigning addresses to the external management network, care should be taken so as not to assign addresses that will conflict with the above subnets.

Figure 46 depicts a fully redundant link consisting of four IDUs. Example IP addresses and subnet mask are shown. Outdoor equipment is not depicted in this diagram to help simplify the concept.

Figure 46. Redundant Link IP Management Example


Refer to section 14.1 of this manual for detailed descriptions and procedures on how to configure the Ethernet Management Port. These procedures can be used for each individual IDU in a redundant link.

12.5 Redundancy Reference Material

12.5.1 SNMP MIB Variables

MIB Variable Category Description

redundancyEnable Configuration Enables/disables the redundancy software. If this is disabled, the radio will function standalone, regardless of cable hookups and OIB switch overrides.

riuMuteStandbyODU Configuration The system mutes the Standby ODU.

riuOverrideLocalToActive Configuration The local radio becomes active regardless of faulted state or state of opposite radio. This item is mirrored.

riuClearFaults Configuration Local radio will clear fault states and try again.

riuPreferredState Configuration Upon bootup this processor is the standby or active path. This is subordinate to the manual override switch. If both radios are configured to be standby or active, they auto-negotiate: The lowest MAC Address wins.

riuRedundancyRecovery Configuration The action the IDU should take when a fault condition clears up.

riuCurrentState Status Whether the radio is Active or Standby.

riuCurrentTxODUs Status Which ODU(s) are transmitting customer data.

riuCurrentRxODUs Status Which ODU(s) are receiving customer data (and hence, feeding the hitless switch).

RiuCurrentRXSource Status The receive stream the HS has momentarily selected as the best. This stream is subsequently delivered to the local AMUX and RIU. If HS is disabled, this will always be “local”.

riuCurrentHitlessSwitch Status The state of the hitless switch. It may be disabled due to faults and therefore not necessarily track one-for-one the user configuration choice from HitlessSwitchEnable. It may also be turned off when the manual override switch is thrown.

riuCurrentOppositeRadioState Status State of the opposite radio.


12.5.2 RIU Technical Specifications

Dimensions

1.75” H x 17.5” W x 10” D (45mm H x 445 mm W x 254 mm D)

Weight

5 lbs (2.2 kg) fully loaded (three interface boards)

Temperature

Operational: -10oC to +55oC per EN 300 019-2-3, Class 3.1

Storage: -40oC to +80oC

Humidity

95% non-condensing

Altitude

Operational: up to 4,500 meters

Transportation: up to 13,333 meters

Shock

40 m/s2 (4g) max peak, 6 ms duration per EN 300 019-1-4, Class 4.1E

Vibration

Sinusoidal 9 Hz to 200 Hz, 10 m/s2 (1.0g) per EN 300 019-1-4, Class 4.1E

Water Ingress

Per IEC 529 IP30


13 USING THE CONSOLE MENU INTERFACE (CMI)

The CMI provides users with a VT-100 text menu interface used to navigate through the various configuration and operation parameters of the system. This section provides information regarding the various methods used to connect to the CMI and the general guidelines used to navigate through the various CMI menus.

The radio can also be configured using SNMP. However, for the purpose of this manual, only the CMI will be discussed.

13.1 Connecting to the CMI Interface

13.1.1 RS-232 Console Connection

The RS-232 Console Connection is the initial method of connecting to the CMI and is outlined in the Initial Configuration (Phase 5) section of this manual.

13.1.2 Telnet

An IP address can be assigned to the Ethernet management port using the CMI. Once the IP address is assigned and the radio is connected to a PC or a network the CMI can be accessed using a Telnet application. Once a Telnet session to the radio has been established, the CMI will be presented to the user for configuration and operation purposes. Configuration of the system using Telnet is identical to the configuration performed when connecting directly to the console port of the radio.

13.1.3 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)

A PPP connection to the radio can be established by connecting a dial-up modem to the PPP port on the IDU. Prior to making a PPP connection to the radio, the PPP configuration must be performed using the RS-232 or Telnet connection to the CMI interface. These steps are outlined in the PPP Port Pin Outs and Configuration section of this manual.

13.2 CMI Menu Navigation

13.2.1 Menu Navigation Using the Keyboard ↑ - The Up arrow key moves the item selection highlighter up the menu or window. ↓ - The Down arrow key moves the item selection highlighter down the menu or window.


← - The Left arrow key moves the item selection highlighter to the left. → - The Right arrow key moves the item selection highlighter to the right. Tab - Pressing the Tab key moves the item selection highlighter down the menu or window. Escape - When a parameter has been selected for modification and the user wishes to cancel the modification the “Esc” key can be pressed. Pressing the “Esc” key disregards the current parameter being modified and allows the user to highlight another option on that window. Item # - Each selectable item on a menu or window is assigned a number. Using the keyboard to enter in the number of the desired item will highlight the corresponding selection. Hot Keys – Various navigational aids and action performing commands are located at the bottom of all CMI windows. The titles of these items are surrounded by [Brackets]. The titles of these items contain one letter that is capitalized. Users can select these items by pressing the letter on the keyboard. Example: [Apply changes] Users can press the “A” key from their keyboard to Apply changes to the system.

Ctrl + L refreshes the CMI window. The window automatically refreshes every 2 seconds.

13.2.2 Window Options Used for Menu Navigation

Most of the windows available in the CMI contain the [Back], [Main], and [Help] Options. These options are used to provide easier navigation of the CMI menus and windows and provide additional help information. The following list explains these options in detail.

[Back] – After highlighting this item and pressing the Enter key the CMI will return to the previously viewed window or menu. Users can also access this item by pressing the letter “B” hot key. [Main menu] – After highlighting this item and pressing the Enter key the CMI will return to the Main Menu. Users can also access this item by pressing the letter “M” hot key. [Help] – When this option is displayed at the bottom of a window, it can be used to access additional help information related to the window it appears on. Highlight this


item and press the Enter key to view additional help information. Users can also access this item by pressing the letter “H” hot key. [Next] – Selection of this item will display the next window. Users can access this item by pressing the letter “N” hot key. [pgUp] – This item is used when there is more than one window of information to display, such as an event log. This item allows users to move up the window and display more information. Users can access this item by pressing the letter “U” hot key. [pgDown] – This item is used when there is more than one window of information to display, such as an event log. This item allows users to move down the window and display more information. Users can access this item by pressing the “D” hot key.

13.2.3 Changing Parameters

All configurable parameters are enclosed in [ ]. Highlighting the item and pressing the Enter key will modify the data contained between the brackets.

Some of the modifiable parameters contain a set of fixed value options. These values can be selected by highlighting the menu item, pressing the Enter key, and then using the keyboards Space Bar to toggle through the configurable options. Once the desired option is displayed on the window, the Enter key can be pressed to select the new option.

After all of the desired parameters have been modified on a window the [Apply changes], or [Update] option needs to be selected. This will activate the parameter changes.

13.2.4 Using the [Toggle Title] Feature The [Toggle Title] feature is displayed at the bottom of most CMI parameter configuration windows. This feature allows the parameter titles shown on the various CMI windows to be displayed using two different methods. To select the desired view, highlight the [Toggle Title] parameter and press the Enter key. The two display modes are describe in further detail below:

Normal View This view displays the title of each parameter using descriptive words and phrases. This is the default view of the system.


MIB View This view displays the title of each parameter using the SNMP variable name used in the AIM-34 MIB. This feature allows technicians in the field to communicate with technicians that may be accessing the system using SNMP based management methods such as the Fresnel EMS application.

13.3 Connecting to the Remote Radio Once a valid radio link exists between the local and remote radio terminals a direct connection to the remote radio CMI can be established from the local radio CMI interface. This feature allows the user to make configuration changes, perform diagnostics, and view the system performance on the remote radio from a connection at the local end of the radio link. The CMI also allows users to connect to a redundant radio the radio installed in a protected configuration. The following steps can be used to access the remote terminal or the redundant terminal:

1) From the Main Menu of the CMI select option 13 Alternate Radio Access.

2) Select option 1 Connect to Remote Radio to connect to the remote radio CMI or select option 2 Connect to Redundant Radio to establish a connection to the redundant radio terminal.


14 MANAGEMENT INTERFACE CONFIGURATION AND PIN OUTS

The AIM-34 provides several options for connecting to the radio for management purposes. This section provides an overview of the AIM-34 management functionality, outlines the procedures for configuring various management interfaces, and provides interface pin outs. Below is a list of interfaces associated with the management of an AIM-34 radio terminal:

Ethernet Management Interface Provides an Ethernet connection to an IP network and allows users to connect to the radio by Telnet and/or SNMP. PPP Interface This interface allows users to establish a PPP dial-up connection to the radio terminal. Peer Channel Interface This interface is used to connect the local and remote radio management interfaces together over the radio link. This interfaces is configured automatically by the software and requires no user configuration. As long as a valid radio link exists this interface is active. Redundancy Interface When the AIM-34 is installed in a protected (1 + 1) configuration this interface is used to interconnect the active and standby radios via the Protection Link cable. This interfaces is also configured automatically by the software, and requires no user configuration.

Each IDU contains a router to control the flow of management traffic to and from the local radio terminal and over the radio link to remote radio terminals. Each of the management interfaces is connected to the management router. Figure 47 provides an illustration of the management interface router.


Figure 47. Management Interface Router

14.1 Ethernet Management Interface (ENET) Configuration & Pin Outs

The Ethernet Management Interface is located on the front of the IDU and is labeled ENET. This interface is used for management and configuration connectivity to the AIM-34 radio system using IP (Internet Protocol). Once the port is properly configured, establishing a Telnet session to the assigned IP address will provide access to the CMI. Connectivity to the SNMP agent, using third party SNMP management software, can also be established.

The configuration of the Ethernet Management Interface and routing functions are detailed in the following subsections. Refer to Appendix E for sample configurations.

14.1.1 Management Ethernet Interface Configuration Window Description

The Management Ethernet Interface Configuration window contains two sections, the IP Configuration section and the Status section. These two sections are described in detail below:

IP Configuration

The IP Configuration portion of the Management Port Configuration window allows configuration of the IP address parameters assigned to the port. These parameters are defined below:


Management Ethernet IP Address This parameter is used to assign an IP address to the ENET management port. Once configured, this IP address will be used for Telnet and SNMP access to the radio link for management purposes. Management Ethernet IP Mask – The IP subnet mask associated with the Management Ethernet IP Address is configured using this parameter. Default Gateway IP Address This parameter is used to assign a default gateway IP address to the ENET interface. All data packets not being transmitted to a local network destination will be forwarded to the gateway router address assigned by this parameter. Management Chained Ethernet IP If multiple radio links are being chained together or cross connected, such as in a repeater configuration, the Ethernet IP address of the other radio can be entered into this field. This will assist the discovery process used by SNMP management stations by providing information on the next radio link in the chain. This parameter can be disregarded if the Ethernet ports of multiple radios are not being chained together or if SNMP and automatic discovery are not being used for radio management. Management Chained Ethernet Mask This parameter provides a location to enter in the subnet mask for the Management Chained Ethernet IP address.

The AIM-34 software automatically assigns private IP addresses to the peer channel and redundancy interfaces of the internal management router. The private address ranges used are listed below: Peer Channel:

Range -192.168.128.0 Mask – 255.255.192.0

IDU-IDU Redundancy Interface: Range – 192.168.192.0 Mask – 255.255.192.0

When assigning addresses to the external management network, care should be taken so as not to assign addresses that will conflict with the above subnets.

Status

The parameters located under the status portion of the Management Port Configuration window are view only and provide additional information related to the ENET port. The status parameters are further defined below:

Link This parameter indicates the status of the ENET management port. This parameter will display UP when the port is connected to a network device or PC. When a DOWN


indication is displayed it means the ENET Management port is not connected to anything. (This function is currently unavailable.) Speed/Duplex – This parameter shows the mode of operation for the ENET Management Port interface. The default mode of the interface is Auto mode. This mode allows the interface to auto-negotiate the speed and duplex of the connection with the interface of the device it is attached to. (This function is currently unavailable.) Management Ethernet MAC Address This is the hardware address assigned to the ENET Management Port at the factory.

Figure 48. Management Ethernet Interface Configuration Window

14.1.2 Initial Port Configuration

The initial configuration of the Ethernet management port is performed by accessing the CMI, using the RS-232 Console Port. Once the initial configuration is performed, the CMI can also be accessed by establishing a Telnet session to the IP address assigned to the Ethernet Management Port. The following steps can be used to assign an IP address to Ethernet Management Port:

1) Select option 1, System Configuration from the CMI Main menu. The System Configuration window is displayed.

2) Select option 3, Management Ethernet Interface Configuration. The Management Ethernet Interface Configuration window is displayed.

3) Select option 1, Management Ethernet IP Address. Type the desired IP address followed by the Enter key. This will be the IP address used for management of this AIM-34 radio terminal.


4) Select option 2, Management Ethernet IP Mask. Type the desired subnet mask for the Ethernet IP address followed by the Enter key.

5) Select option 3, Default Management Gateway IP Address. Type in the desired IP address of the default gateway and press the Enter key.

6) To activate the configuration, select the [Apply changes] option. The Ethernet port IP parameters are now configured. These steps should be performed on both local and remote radios.

14.1.3 Ethernet Management Port Pin Outs

After the Ethernet Management Port has been properly configured it can be connected to an Ethernet network or directly to an Ethernet Network Interface Card (NIC) of a PC for management purposes.

Depending on the device being attached to the ENET port, a straight or cross over Ethernet cable may be required. Table 20 provides the pin outs for this interface. Some general guidelines for using a straight vs. a cross cable are detailed below:

Connections Requiring a Straight Cable • Connections to the Ethernet port of a router • Connections to an Ethernet switch port • Connections to an Ethernet hub port

Connections Requiring a Cross Cable

• Connections being made directly to the Ethernet NIC of a PC • Connections to the Uplink/Cross port of a switch or Hub

Table 20. ENET Management Port Pin Outs

ENET Management Port (RJ-45)

Pin # Signal Name

1 TX_P 2 TX_N 3 RX_P 4 Not Used 5 Not Used 6 RX_N 7 Not Used

1 765432 8

8 Not Used


14.2 Routing Setup In addition to the automatic routing that is setup between the local and remote radios, static IP routes can also be added to the Management Interface Router. The IDU also contains the ability to propagate route information out of the Ethernet Management Interface using RIP II. By default the RIP updates are not propagated out of the Ethernet Management Interface. However, the radio can be configured to override the default and allow RIP updates to be propagated. The following subsections describe how to add, delete, and view static route entries as well as and enable/disable RIP update broadcast from the Ethernet Management Interface.

14.2.1 Adding Routes to the Management Interface To add a static IP route to the Ethernet Management Port interface, use the following steps:

1) Select option 2, Routing Setup from the CMI Main menu. The Routing Setup window is displayed.

Figure 49. Routing Setup Window

2) Select option 2, Add Fixed Route Entry. The Add Fixed Route Entry window (Figure

50) is displayed.


Figure 50. Add Fixed Route Entry Window

3) Select option 1, Destination IP Address. Type in the desired IP address or destination

network and press the Enter key. 4) Select option 2, IP Mask. Type the subnet mask, associated with the Destination IP

Address parameter, and press the Enter key.

5) Select option 3, Gateway IP Address. Type in the gateway address for the route and press the Enter key.

6) Select the [Add] option. The routing table for the management interface will be

updated.

14.2.2 Viewing Management Interface Routes All routes assigned to the Management Interface can be viewed using the following steps:


2) Select option 1, View Fixed Route Table. The View Fixed Routes window (Figure

51) is displayed.


Figure 51. View Fixed Routes Window

3) Each route is assigned an Entry number in the route table. This Entry number is used

when deleting routes from the route table. If all routes cannot be displayed on the current CMI window, the [pgUp] and [pgDown] parameters can be used to scroll through the route table.

14.2.3 Deleting Routes from the Management Interface If a route entry needs to be deleted from the Management Interface route table, the following steps can be used:


2) Select option 3, Delete Fixed Route Entry. The Delete Fixed Route Entry window

(Figure 52) is displayed.


Figure 52. Delete Fixed Route Entry Window

3) Select option 1, Entry Number to remove. Type in the entry number of the route

being deleted and press the Enter key. This entry number can be obtained from the View Fixed Routes window of the CMI.

4) Select the [Delete] option or press the “D” shortcut key. The route entry will be

removed from the routing table.

14.3 Enabling and Disabling RIP Updates on the Ethernet Management Interface The following procedure can be used to enable or disable RIP updates.

1) From the Main Menu of the CMI select option 2 Routing Setup. 2) From the Routing Setup window select option 4 Management Ethernet RIP: and

press the Enter key.

3) Using the space bar, toggle until the enable or disable option is displayed, and then press the Enter key.

4) Next, select [Apply] changes and press the Enter key for the configuration to be

updated.


14.4 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Port Configuration & Pin Outs

The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) port allows a connection to the AIM-34 system, for management and configuration purposes, through an external dialup modem.

The PPP interface configuration consists of assigning a PPP Host IP address and a PPP Remote IP address. These parameters are described in detail below:

Management PPP Host IP Address This is the address being assigned to the IDU PPP interface. When a remote connection to the PPP port is established the CMI can be accessed by Telnetting to this IP address.

Management PPP Remote IP Address This is the address that will be automatically assigned to the management stations upon making the connection to the radio. This IP address must be on the same subnet as the Management PPP Host IP address for proper communications to occur.

The PPP port of the IDU comes pre-configured from the factory using the following private IP addresses:

Management PPP Host IP Address – 172.16.30.1

Management PPP Remote IP Address – 172.16.30.2

The factory default PPP IP addresses can be changed by accessing the CMI , or via SNMP.

The following steps can be utilized to configure the PPP port using the CMI:

1) Select option 1, System Configuration from the CMI Main menu. The System Configuration window displayed.

2) Select option 5, Management PPP Interface Configuration. The Management PPP Interface Configuration window (Figure 53) is displayed.


Figure 53. Management PPP Interface Configuration Window

3) Select option 1, Management PPP Host IP Address. Type the desired Host IP Address for the PPP connection and press the Enter key.

4) Select option 2, Management PPP Remote IP Address. Type a desired Remote IP Address for the PPP port and press the Enter key.

5) Select the [Apply changes] option.

6) The PPP Port will now be capable of establishing a PPP connection. The port status section of the Management PPP Interface Configuration window displays the port settings. The baud rate, data bits, parity, and stop bits parameters are fixed values. The external modem being connected to the PPP port must use these connection parameters for a valid connection to be established.

Table 21. PPP Port Pinouts

RJ-45 (PPP Connection)

Pin # Signal Name 1 PPP_DSR 2 PPP_CD 3 PPP_DTR 4 Ground 5 PPP_RXD 6 PPP_TXD 7 PPP_CTS

1 765432 8

8 PPP_RTS


15 DETAILED UIB OVERVIEW AND CONFIGURATION INFORMATION

This section provides detailed UIB information including LED descriptions, configuration instructions, performance monitoring and interface pin outs.

15.1 Initial UIB Configuration Procedures When UIBs are installed or individual UIB tributaries are enabled or disabled the total aggregate data rate of the radio link is changed. This aggregate data rate must fit into the user specified RF channel bandwidth before the configuration can be activated.

This initial configuration of UIBs is performed through the CMI. The CMI offers two options for the configuration of UIBs. The first option is the Desired Configuration and the second is the Active Configuration. These two options are explained in detail below:

Desired Configuration The Desired Configuration allows the user to perform an offline or virtual configuration of the UIB and radio parameters. This allows the user to configure all UIB and radio parameters and apply all of the changes to the radio terminal at one time. The active configuration will remain unaffected until the desired configuration is completed and the user has activated all changes. Active Configuration The active configuration allows the user to view radio status information and make changes to the radio and UIB configurations that do not affect the RF channel bandwidth or aggregate data rate of the radio. Examples of these changes include setting RF transmitter powers, setting PDH tributary line codes, changing 10/100 BT Bridge UIB interface speeds.

15.1.1 Desired Configuration Procedure The Desired Configuration steps must be performed when installing new UIBs and are listed below:

1) With the IDU powered down, insert UIBs into the desired IDU slot. Note : For ease of configuration UIBs should be inserted into the same slot on both local and remote radios. 2) Power on the IDU.

3) Establish a connection to the CMI using the steps outlined in section 9.1 Connecting to

the Console Port or by establishing a Telnet session to the PPP or Ethernet Management ports.


4) After logging into the CMI, select option 1 System Configuration from the Main Menu.

5) From the System Configuration menu select option 1 Radio Link and Desired Configuration. The following screen will be displayed.

6) Select option 1 Configure Maximum Channel Bandwidth and use the space bar to

select the 7, 14, or 28 MHz option. Then press the Enter key.

7) Next select a slot number to configure and press the Enter key. Use the spacebar to select the UIB type that is being enabled in that particular slot and press the Enter key again. Perform this step for all slots being configured, then select [Apply changes] or press the “A” key.

8) If the Link Configuration Status displays Valid Link Configuration <Desired>

proceed with the next step of this procedure.

If it displays Unpacked Frame Slot Assignment select option 6 UIB Tributary Desired Configuration and press Enter. Select option 5 Repack AMUX Frame Slot Assignments and use the spacebar to toggle to the Repack Now option then press Enter. Select [Apply changes] or press the A key. Then select [Back] or press the B key to return to the UIB Desired Configuration screen.

9) From the UIB Desired Configuration screen select the [Next] option. The Radio Link

Desired Configuration window will be displayed.

10) Input the desired Link ID and ODU Channel then select [Apply changes] or press the A key.


11) Select option 4 Activate Link Configuration. Confirm the configuration activation by selecting option 2 Yes. The radio terminal should now be properly configured. The above procedure must be performed on both ends of the radio link. This configuration will now become the Active Link Configuration.

12) The Active Link Configuration can then be accessed by selecting option 1 System

Configuration, from the Main Menu of the CMI and then selecting option 2 Radio Link and UIB Active Configuration.

Detailed active UIB configurations are outline in the following subsections for each UIB type.

15.2 4xE1, 120ΩΩΩΩ UIB

This UIB consist of four E1 tributaries. Each individual tributary utilizes a 120Ω RJ-45 interface. The pin outs for this UIB are shown in Table 22.

Table 22. 4xE1, 120ΩΩΩΩ UIB Pin Out

Tributary 1 - 4

Pin # Signal Name

1 RT 2 RR 3 Not Used 4 TT 5 TR 6 Not Used 7 Ground 8 Ground

15.3 4xE1, 75ΩΩΩΩ UIB

This UIB consist of four E1 tributaries. Each tributary contains two 75Ω MID 1.2/2.3 connectors. One connector is used for transmit and is labeled TX. The other connector is used for receive and is labeled RX. The UIB label provides a number for each of the four tributaries. Table 23 gives further information on how each tributary is to be connected to external equipment.

Table 23. 4xE1, 75ΩΩΩΩ UIB Pin Outs


Tributary # Connector Signal Description

RX Data is transmitted from this connector out to an external device 1 - 4

TX Data is received from an external device on this connector

15.4 E3, 75ΩΩΩΩ UIB

This UIB contains one E3 tributary and utilizes two 75Ω BNC female connectors to connect to external equipment. One connector is used for transmit and is labeled TX, the other connector is used for receive and is labeled RX. Table 24 provides the signal descriptions of the E3 interface.

Table 24. E3, 75ΩΩΩΩ UIB Pin Outs and Signal Description


TX Data is received from an external device on this connector 1

RX Data is transmitted from this connector out to an external device

15.5 E2, 75ΩΩΩΩ UIB

This UIB contains one E2 tributary and utilizes two 75Ω BNC female connectors to connect to external equipment. One connector is used for transmit and is labeled TX, the other connector is used for receive and is labeled RX. Table 25 provides the signal descriptions of the E2 interface.

Table 25. E2, 75ΩΩΩΩ UIB Pin Outs and Signal Description



TX Data is received from an external device on this connector 1

RX Data is transmitted from this connector out to an external device

15.6 10/100BT Ethernet Bridge UIB Overview The AIM-34 10/100BT Bridge UIB provides Ethernet connectivity for various data applications. The flexibility of the AIM-34 allows 10/100BT bridge UIBs to be mixed with PDH UIBs such as E1 and E3 interfaces. The Ethernet data rate or throughput of the 10/100BT Bridge UIB is dependant on the RF channel bandwidth, the number of PDH tributaries enabled, and the speed/duplex settings of the UIB interface. Table 26 depicts some of the more common 10/100BT and PDH interface combinations along with the approximate throughput data rate available to the 10/100BT bridge UIB.

Table 26. 10/100BT Bridge UIB Example Configurations vs. Throughput RF

Channel Bandwidth

UIB Type Slot 1

UIB Type Slot 2

UIB Type Slot 3

UIB Type Slot 4

Throughput per 10/100BT Bridge

UIB 10/100BT - - - >8 Mbit/s 7 10/100BT 2xE1 - - >4 Mbit/s

10/100BT 10/100BT - - >8 Mbit/s 10/100BT 4xE1 - - >8 Mbit/s 14 10/100BT - - - >16 Mbit/s

10/100BT 4xE1 4xE1 4xE1 >8 Mbit/s 10/100BT 10/100BT 4xE1 4xE1 >8 Mbit/s 10/100BT 10/100BT 10/100BT 4xE1 >8 Mbit/s 10/100BT 10/100BT 10/100BT 10/100BT >8 Mbit/s

28

10/100BT - - - >34Mbit/s If a radio link is configured for a 7 MHz RF channel and a single 10/100BT Bridge is the only one enabled, all available throughput is allocated to that UIB. If two E1 tributaries are enabled then the Ethernet UIB throughput will be reduced to accommodate the additional PDH data while still operating in the 7 MHz channel. In this configuration throughput is first allocated to the PDH interfaces and all remaining bandwidth is assigned to the 10/100BT Bridge UIB. If more than one 10/100BT Bridge is enabled then the remaining data rate will be divided equally between the two.

15.6.1 10/100BT Bridge UIB LED Descriptions and Interface Pin Outs

This UIB consist of one 10/100BaseT Ethernet port that utilizes an RJ-45 connector. The pin outs for this interface are shown in Table 27.


Table 27. 10/100BT UIB LED Description and Pin Outs

RJ-45 Female Pin #

Signal Name

1 RX+ 2 RX- 3 TX+ 4 Not Used 5 Not Used 6 TX- 7 Not Used 8 Not Used

15.6.2 Interface Cabling Requirements The 10/100BT Bridge interface operates like a switch, therefore if the UIB interface is being connected to another network switch or hub then an Ethernet cross over cable is required. If connecting it directly to a PC then an Ethernet straight cable will be required. Cable pin outs for Ethernet straight and crossover cables are detailed below:

Crossover Cable

RJ-45 PIN RJ-45 PIN1 Rx+ 3 Tx+

2 Rc- 6 Tx- 3 Tx+ 1 Rc+

6 Tx- 2 Rc-

15.6.3 Detailed 10/100BT UIB Configuration The following steps should be utilized to configure the 10/100BT bridge UIB:

Straight Through Cable

RJ-45 PIN RJ-45 PIN1 Tx+ 1 Rc+

2 Tx- 2 Rc- 3 Rc+ 3 Tx+

6 Rc- 6 Tx-


1) Establish a connection to the CMI using the steps outlined in section 9.1 Connecting to the Console Port or by establishing a Telnet session to the PPP or Ethernet Management ports.

2) After logging into the CMI, select option 1 System Configuration from the Main Menu.

3) From the System Configuration menu select option 2 Radio Link and UIB Active

Configuration. Various radio link status information will be displayed. Select the [Next] option or press the N key. Select [Next] option or press N key again.

4) Select option 1 UIB Tributary Active Configuration.

5) Select the slot number of the UIB being configured. The following screen will be

displayed for the 10/100BT Bridge UIB.

The configurable parameters displayed on this screen are described in detail below: Speed/Duplex This parameter determines the interface speed and duplex setting of the 10/100BT Bridge UIB. The following options are available for this parameter:

[Auto] – This is the default mode of operation and allows the UIB interface to auto-negotiate the speed and duplex with the external network device it is attached to. The external network device must also be set to auto-negotiate for this feature to operate properly. [10/half] – This mode forces the UIB interface into 10 BaseT half duplex mode of operation. [10/full] – This mode forces the UIB interface into 10 BaseT full duplex mode of operation.


[100/half] – This mode forces the UIB interface into 100 BaseT half duplex mode of operation. [100/full] – This mode forces the UIB interface into 100 BaseT full duplex mode of operation.

Flow Control This parameter is used to turn 802.3x flow control on or off or to allow flow control to be automatically negotiated. [Auto] is the default value for this parameter.

6) To access detailed status information for the current tributary select [Status] or press the S key. The following screen will be displayed.


16 USER ACCOUNT ADMINISTRATION

16.1 Security Access Levels Each time the CMI is accessed locally through the console port, or remotely via Telnet, the user is required to enter a valid user name and password before access to the CMI is granted. When a new user name and password is configured into the system, a security access level can be assigned. Users may select from one of the following three levels of security for each of the configured users:

Administrator Users that have been assigned an administrator level of access are allowed unrestricted access to all radio configuration and operation menus, windows, and parameters. Maintenance This level of access allows users to access a majority of the radio configuration menus, windows, and parameters. Items not accessible by a maintenance level user include SNMP community string configuration, user name and password creation, and MIB browser functionality through the CMI. View-only The View-only level user has limited access to the radio system. In addition to the restrictions placed on the Maintenance level of access, the View-only user is not able to perform any configuration or maintenance actions, or perform any action that has the potential to affect live traffic.

16.2 Factory Default User Name and Password

The AIM-34 radio system ships from the factory with a default user name and password. The default user has Administrator level privileges. A new Administrator level user name and password should be created to avoid unauthorized access to the radio terminal. Once a new Administrator level user has been created, the factory default user should be deleted from the system.

To log into the CMI of a new system the following factory default user name and password should be used:

User Name: admin Password: password


16.3 Changing Passwords The following steps can be used to change the password for an existing user account:

1) Log into the CMI using the “Login” and current “Password” of the account that needs to be changed.

2) From the Main Menu of the CMI select option 12 Account Administration

3) Next, select option 1 Change Password from the Account Administration menu.

4) From the Change Password screen the following parameters must be configured.

Current Password: Enter the password for the current login user name. Desired Password: Enter in the new password being assigned to the current login user name. Enter Desired Twice: Re-enter the new password for confirmation purposes.

5) After the above parameters have been completed select the [Change] option or press the “C” key to change the password for the current user.

16.4 Viewing the User Database A list of all currently configured user login names and their levels of security access can be viewed using the following steps:

1) Log into the CMI. 2) From the Main Menu of the CMI select option 12 Account Administration.

3) Next, select option 2 View User Database. A list of user accounts is shown.

16.5 Adding New User Names and Passwords New users or login accounts can be created using the following steps:

1) Log into the CMI using an Administrator level “Login” and “Password”. Maintenance and Viewer level users are not allowed to administer new accounts.

2) From the Main Menu of the CMI select option 12 Account Administration.

3) Next, select option 3 Add A User.

4) From the Add User Account screen the following parameters must be configured:


User Name: Enter a user name for the account. The user name will be required at the Login: prompt when accessing the CMI, and is also case sensitive. User Password: Enter in a password for the new account. The password must be between 8 and 40 characters in length and may contain any combination of letters and numbers. The password is not case sensitive. Security Level: Select the appropriate security level for the new account. The choices are Administrator, Maintenance, and View-only.

5) After configuring the above parameters select [Add] or press the “A” key for the new

account to be created.

16.6 Removing User Accounts User accounts can be removed from the database by performing the following steps:

1) Log into the CMI using an Administrator level “Login” and “Password”. Maintenance and Viewer level users are not allowed to delete user accounts.

2) From the Main Menu of the CMI select option 12 Account Administration.

3) Next, select option 4 Remove A User.

4) At the Remove User Account screen select option 1 User Name and press the “Enter”

key. Enter in the user name for the account being deleted and press the “Enter” key.

5) Select the [Delete] option and press “Enter” or press the “D” key as a shortcut. The specified user will then be deleted from the database.


17 SNMP CONFIGURATION

Each AIM-34 radio terminal contains an SNMP agent. Access to the agent is established using the IP address assigned to the Ethernet Management Port or to the PPP interface. The following subsections describe the steps used to add, delete, and view SNMP configurations:

17.1 SNMP Setup The AIM-34 supports SNMPv2 and SNMPv3 versions. Before SNMP communication to the radio can be established various parameters need to be configured. These parameters are configured using the SNMP Configuration window, shown in Figure 54, of the CMI. Listed below is a definition of each parameter available in the SNMP Configuration window:

Change SNMPV3 Initial MD5 Password This is the MD5 password field. This parameter is only required if SNMPv3 authentication is being used. Change SNMPV3 Initial SHA Password This is the SNMP Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) password used for authentication of SNMPv3, and is not required when using SNMPv2. Restricts SNMPv2 and TELNET to TGTADDR This parameter is used to restrict incoming SNMP request and Telnet sessions to the IP addresses specified in the list of SNMP managers. If this parameter is set to [True] then incoming SNMP or Telnet sessions to the radio will only be allowed if the IP address of the requestor is listed as a defined manager. When set to [False] all external SNMP and Telnet request will be allowed. However, even when set to [False] users are still required to provide the correct SNMP community strings or CMI login/password to gain access to the radio. SNMP Security Model: Provides the ability to select the SNMPv2 or SNMPv3 security models. If SNMPv3 is selected then the MD5 and SHA passwords must also be configured and a reboot of the radio terminal is required for the new settings to take place. Read Community String: A read community string is used to authenticate an incoming GET request from an SNMP management station. This item is used to configure the SNMP read community string and should be set to match the read community string used by the SNMP management station. Write Community String: A write community string is used to authenticate incoming SET request from an SNMP management station. This menu item is used to configure the SNMP write community string and should also be set to match the write community string used by the SNMP management station.


Figure 54. SNMP Configuration Window

The following steps can be utilized to configure these parameters:

1) Select option 3, SNMP Setup option from the CMI Main menu. 2) Select option 1, SNMP Configuration. The SNMP Configuration window is

displayed. 3) Select option 4, SNMP Security Model. Use the Spacebar to toggle through the

various security model options. When the desired security model is shown, press the Enter key.

4) Select option 5, Read Community String. Type the desired value and press the

Enter key again.

5) Select option 6, Write Community String. Type the desired value and press the Enter key again.

6) Select the [Apply changes] option. The configured values will now become active.

All SNMP set and get request will need to use these read and write community strings to access the SNMP agent.


17.2 Viewing SNMP Manager Configurations

The View SNMP Manager Configuration window of the CMI allows each of the SNMP Manager configurations to be viewed. Listed below is a definition of the parameters displayed on the View SNMP Manage Configuration window:

Entry – Each SNMP configuration is assigned an entry number. This entry number can be used on the Delete SNMP Manager window to remove the entry from the system. IP Address – The IP addresses of the SNMP management stations are displayed in this column. These are the IP addresses that traps will be forwarded to if the Forward Traps option is set to True. Forward Traps – This column displays whether traps are enabled for that particular entries IP address. A true value means that traps are enabled for that manager, and a false value means that traps are disabled.

Figure 55. View SNMP Manager Configuration Window

17.3 Adding SNMP Manager Configurations SNMP Configurations can be added to the radio terminal using the Add SNMP Manager window, shown in Figure 56, of the CMI. Listed below is a definition of each parameter found on the ADD SNMP Manager window:

Manager IP Address This is the IP address of the management station where traps will be sent.


Forward Traps To This Manager This parameter can be toggled to either True or False. When True is selected, traps generated by the AIM-34 SNMP agent will be sent to the management station specified by the Manager IP Address parameter.

Figure 56. Add SNMP Manager Window

The following steps can be used to configure a new Manager IP Address and allow traps to be forwarded:

1) Select option 3, SNMP Setup option from the CMI Main menu. The SNMP Setup window is displayed.

2) Select option 3, Add SNMP Manager. The Add SNMP Manager window (Figure

56) is displayed.

3) Select option 1, Manager IP Address. Type in the IP address of a valid SNMP management station and press the Enter key.

4) Select option 2, Forward Traps To This Manager. Press the Spacebar to toggle

the False or True option. Selecting True will enable SNMP traps. Selecting False will disable SNMP traps. Once the desired option is selected, press the Enter key.

5) Select the [Add] option or press the “A” shortcut key. The new configuration will

become active.

17.4 Delete SNMP Manager

The Delete SNMP Manger window of the CMI can be used to remove an SNMP configuration Entry from the database. To delete an SNMP entry from the use the following steps:


1) Select option 3, SNMP Setup from the CMI Main menu. The SNMP Setup window is displayed.

2) Select option 4, Delete SNMP Manager. The Delete SNMP Manager window

(Figure 57) is displayed.

Figure 57. Delete SNMP Manager Window

3) Select option 1, Entry number to remove. 4) Type in the Entry Number of the entry manager being deleted, and press the

Enter key. This information can be obtained from the View SNMP Manager Configuration window of the CMI.

5) Select the [Delete] option, or press the “D” key. The SNMP Manager configuration

will be deleted from the system.


18 SYSTEM REBOOT OPTIONS

The radio terminal can be rebooted from the CMI using the following steps:

1) Select option 8, System Reboot Options from the CMI Main menu. The System Reboot Option window (Figure 58) is displayed.

Figure 58. System Reboot Option Window

2) Press the Enter key. 3) Select the spacebar key to display the ResetNow option. Press the Enter key.

4) Select the [Apply changes] option. The system will begin to reboot.

If the reset option is applied from a Telnet session to the CMI, the session will be dropped. To regain access to the unit, wait for a short period of time and establish a new Telnet session. The system will require the user to log in after the reboot is complete.


19 USING THE ALARM & DIGITAL IN PORTS

19.1 Alarm Interface Port Description and Pin Outs

The Alarm Interface Port contains 5 dry contact relays that can be mapped to the various Summary Status Alarms that are capable of being generated by the AIM-34 terminal. When a Summary Alarm is generated the relay the alarm is mapped to will de-energize providing a change in the state of the relay. Each alarm relay allows external wiring to be connected to a common pin and a Normally Open (N/O) or Normally Closed (N/C) pin to meet the needs of the input to externally connected devices.

For connections to external alarm monitoring devices refer to Table 28 for pin out information.

Table 28. Alarm Out Port Pin Outs

Alarm Out (HDDB-15)

Pin # Signal Name

1 Alarm_1_COM

2 Alarm_1_NO

3 Alarm_1_NC

4 Alarm_2_COM

5 Alarm_2_NO

6 Alarm_2_NC

7 Alarm_3_COM

8 Alarm_3_NO

9 Alarm_3_NC

10 Alarm_4_COM

11 Alarm_4_NO

12 Alarm_4_NC

13 Alarm_5_COM

14 Alarm_5_NO

15 Alarm_5_NC

The N/O and N/C naming conventions for the relay pin outs reflect the normal operating state where all relays are energized by software at power up. When alarms are detected or the system is powered down the alarm relays will be asserted.


19.2 Digital IN Port Description and Pin Outs

The Digital IN Port contains 5 TTL logic inputs that can be used to monitor alarms from external site monitoring devices such as open door, back up battery status, and environmental alarms. These alarm inputs are user definable through the CMI or through SNMP.

For connection to external Digital IN input devices refer to the pin outs listed in Table 29.

Table 29. Digital IN Port Pin Outs

Digital IN (HDDB-15)

Pin # Signal Name

1 Reserved

2 Reserved

3 Reserved

4 Reserved

5 Reserved

6 FP_INPUT_1

7 FP_INPUT_2

8 FP_INPUT_3

9 FP_INPUT_4

10 FP_INPUT_5

11 Ground

12 Ground 13 Reserved 14 5 VDC 15 5 VDC

19.3 Controlling Alarm Out Relays and Viewing the Digital IN Status

Each of the five alarm relay outputs can be controlled using the External Alarm and Alarm Status window, shown in Figure 59, of the CMI. This window also provides the status of the five TTL inputs.


Figure 59. External Alarm and Alarm Relay Status Window

The following steps can be used to view the Digital IN alarm status and energize or de-energize the Alarm Port relays.

1) Select option 4, System Alarms and Status from the Main menu of the CMI, and press the Enter key.

2) Highlight the External Alarm and Alarm Relay Status option and press the Enter key.

The External Alarm and Alarm Relay Status window (Figure 59) is displayed. Each of the TTL input statuses are labeled Digital Input 1-5. If a 1 is displayed that input is sensing an external input.

3) Each Alarm Relay can be controlled by highlighting the desired Alarm Output, and

pressing the Enter key. Use the Space Bar to toggle the True or False option. True means the relay will be energized, and selecting false will de-energize the relay.

4) Highlight the [Apply changes] option and press the Enter key. The new settings will

become active.


20 ORDERWIRE OVERVIEW AND PIN OUTS

20.1 Synchronous Order Wire (SOW)

The SOW provides an RS-422 64Kb/s point-to-point connection between the SOW ports of the local and remote radio terminals. No Configuration of this interface is required. As long as the radio link is up between the local and remote radios the SOW will be operational. The pin outs for this connection are shown in Table 30.

Table 30. Synchronous Order Wire (SOW) (RJ-45) Pin Outs Synchronous Order Wire (SOW) (RJ-45)

Pin # Signal Name

1 SOW_TXC+ (CLOCK) 2 SOW_TXC- (CLOCK) 3 SOW_TXD+ (DATA) 4 SOW_TXD- (DATA) 5 SOW_RXC+ (CLOCK) 6 SOW_RXC- (CLOCK) 7 SOW_RXD+ (DATA)

1 765432 8

8 SOW_RXD- (DATA)

20.2 Asynchronous Order Wire (ASOW)

The ASOW provides a 9600-baud RS-232 point-to-point connection between the ASOW ports of the local and remote radio terminals. No configuration of this interface is required. As long as the radio link is up between the local and remote radios the ASOW will be operational. The pin outs for this connection are shown in Table 31.

Table 31. Asynchronous Order Wire (ASOW) (RJ-11) Pin Outs Asynchronous Order Wire (ASOW) (RJ-11)

Pin # Signal Name

1 Not Used 2 RXD (RX DATA) 3 TXD (TX DATA) 4 Not Used 5 Ground

1 65432

6 Not Used


20.3 Voice Order Wire (VOW)

The VOW provides a single voice channel between the local and remote radio systems. This VOW connection requires the use of an external handset supplied as an option by Fresnel. When an external handset has been connected to each end of an operational radio link, on site personnel will be able to communicate with each other.

The pin outs for the VOW are shown in Table 32.

Table 32. Voice Order Wire (VOW) Pin Outs

Voice Order Wire (VOW) (RJ-11)

Pin # Signal Name

1 VOW_Call_In 2 MIC + 3 EAR + 4 EAR - 5 MIC -

1 65432

6 Ground


21 SETTING THE SYSTEM DATE & TIME

The system date and time is used to stamp alarms in the event log with information pertaining to when the alarm occurred. This provides useful information when evaluating the event log on systems that have intermittent alarms. The system date and time can be configured manually or it can be configured to periodically synchronize the clock to an external timeserver. This feature is also referred to as the Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP). In order for the timeserver feature to work, the Ethernet Management Port must be connected to a network or to the Internet where a valid timeserver can be reached.

21.1 Manual Configuration of the System Date & Time

If the Ethernet Management Port is not connected to a network or a valid timeserver is not accessible, the system date and time can be configured manually using the following steps:


2) Select option 7, System Date And Time menu. The System Date And Time window (Figure 60) is displayed.

Figure 60. System Date And Time Window

3) Select option 3, Manual Time Set. The Manual Time Set window is displayed as

shown in Figure 61.


Figure 61. Manual Time Set Window

4) Configure each of the individual date and time settings by highlighting the desired parameter and pressing the Enter key. Enter the desired value and press the Enter key.

5) After configuring each of the date and time parameters, select option 7, Submit Manual Time Set. When the SetNow option is displayed press the Enter key.

6) Select the [Apply changes] option. The new configuration will become active.

21.2 Using a Network Time Server

The system date and time can be configured to automatically synchronize with an SNTP time server, using the following steps:


2) Select option 7, System Date And Time. The System Date And Time window is displayed.

3) Select option 1, Timezone Setup. The Time Zone Setup window (Figure 62) is displayed.


Figure 62. Time Zone Setup Window

4) Configure each of the parameters to match the Time Zone of the location where the radio is being installed.

5) Select option 6, Submit Time Zone Information. Select the SetNow option.

6) Select the [Apply changes] option.

7) Exit the Time Zone Setup window by selecting the [Back] option. The System Date And Time window is displayed.

8) Select option 2, SNTP Service Setup. The SNTP Service Setup window (Figure 63) is displayed.


Figure 63. SNTP Service Setup Window

9) Select option 1, SNTP Enable. Press the Spacebar to toggle true or false and press the Enter key. The true option will enable the SNTP Client, and the false option will disable the SNTP Client.

10) Select option 2, Time Server IP Address. Type in the IP address of a valid SNTP timeserver and press the Enter key.

11) Select option 3, Time Server Refresh Rate. Enter in the desired refresh rate, in seconds, that the clock will update and press the Enter key.

12) Select the [Apply changes] option. If the timeserver is accessible from the ENET Management Port of the AIM-34 radio, the date and time will be automatically configured. The system will begin polling the timeserver located at the specified Time Server IP Address, at the interval specified by the Time Server Refresh Rate.


22 SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION

Descriptive information about the radio terminal can be stored into the system configuration of the radio terminal. This information is used to identify the system to a user when the radio terminal is accessed remotely for management purposes. This information is also used for SNMP identification of the radio SNMP agent.

The following steps can be used to enter system identification information into the radio configuration:


2) Select option 8, System Identification. The System Identification window, shown in Figure 64, is displayed.

Figure 64. System Identification Window

3) Select option 1, sysName. Type in a desired name and press the Enter key.

4) Select option 2, sysContact. Type in the name of the system contact and press the Enter key.

5) Select option 3, sysLocation. Type in the location of the radio system and press the Enter key.


6) Select the [Apply changes] option. The system identification information will be stored in the radio configuration.

When configuring these parameters through the CMI, the settings configured for equivalent variables in the SNMP agent will be overwritten.


23 PERFORMING SOFTWARE UPGRADES

Each AIM-34 radio terminal contains various software components that can be remotely upgraded from the CMI. The software components are broken down into three separate categories. These three categories and the software components contained within each category are listed below:

IDU Software Components

• Database Bank A • Database Bank B • AIM-34 AMUX Bank A • AIM-34 AMUX Bank B • AIM-34 CMUX Bank A • AIM-34 CMUX Bank B • AIM-34 IDU Processor Bank A • AIM-34 IDU Processor Bank B • AIM-34 HSFPGA Bank A • AIM-34 HSFPGA Bank B

ODU Software Components

• AIM-34 ODU Processor Bank A • AIM-34 ODU Processor Bank B • AIM-34 ODU Config Bank A • AIM-34 ODU Config Bank B • AIM-34 ODU PLD Bank A • AIM-34 ODU PLD Bank B

UIB Drivers

• E3UIB • E1UIB120 • E1UIB75 • E1UIBEmpty


23.1 IDU and ODU Software Download Procedure

The following procedure can be used to download AIM-34 IDU and ODU software components:

1) Select option 7, Software Upgrade from the CMI Main menu. The Software Upgrade window is displayed.

Figure 65. Software Upgrade Window

2) Select option 1, Software Download. The Software Download window (Figure 66) is

displayed.

Figure 66. Software Download Window


3) Select option 1, File Type To Download. Select the file type to be downloaded and press the Enter key again.

4) Select option 2, TFTP Server IP Address. Type in the IP address of the TFTP server where the software upgrade resides and press the Enter key.

5) Select option 3, Filename To Download. Type in the name of the file being

downloaded from the TFTP server and press the Enter key.

6) Select option 4, Initiate Download. Use the Spacebar to toggle the true parameter and press the Enter key.

7) Select the [Apply changes] option. The system will establish a session with the TFTP

server and download the specified software.


24 MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING

24.1 IDU Summary Fault LEDs

Summary alarms are the first alarm level. These alarms are available as LEDs on the front panel (see Figure 67). In addition to the front panel LED indications, theses alarms are also viewable through the CMI, or through SNMP where detailed information about the alarm is given. These LED’s offer bi-color indications. For example, the Cable Summary of “open” or “short” is red, and “normal” is green. Red always indicates fault, and green always indicates normal. When all LEDs are OFF it indicates that no power is being applied to the IDU.

Figure 67. Front Panel LED Indications

24.1.1 (ENET) Ethernet Management Port Summary LED

This LED provides the Link Integrity status of the Ethernet Management Port. When the LED is green the Ethernet management port is connected to a network device or PC. The LED remains off when no network connection is detected. However, this LED may flicker occasionally even when a cable is not connected. This is because the radio is still attempting to ARP the timeserver and/or the default gateway.

24.1.2 (CBL) Cable Summary LED

The presence of this alarm indicates open or short circuit conditions in the IFL coaxial cable. In the event of an open circuit condition, the power supply to the ODU is reduced to a low level, such as 5VDC. In the event of a short circuit condition, the current flow is limited to prevent damage to equipment. The table below provides a list of the parameters monitored by the CBL summary alarm:

MIB Variable Name Description cmuxCableShortFault IFL cable short cmuxCableOpenFault IFL cable open cmuxCableTooLongFault IFL cable exceeds maximum length


24.1.3 (IDU) Indoor Unit Summary LED

Any hard fault indication from within the IDU that implies an internal hardware fault will generate this alarm. The table below provides a list of the parameters monitored by the IDU summary alarm:

MIB Variable Name Description

iduPeerChannelFault Comm fault on the PEER channel.

cmuxRecPllLockFault IDU cable multiplexor PLL lock fault.

iduSoftwareFault IDU software fault detected in active bank.

processorInitStatus Failure of the self-test performed during boot up.

uibIdentificationFault UIB was not properly identified.

uibDriverProgrammingFault Driver could not be loaded to the UIB card.

24.1.4 (ODU) Outdoor Unit Summary LED

This alarm indicates a fault from within the ODU that implies an internal hardware failure. The table below provides a list of the parameters monitored by the ODU summary alarm:

MIB Variable Name Description

ifSynthFault IF synthesizer fault.

rxSynthFault Receive synthesizer fault.

txSynthFault Transmit synthesizer fault.

oduIduCableFault IFL cable fault condition.

oduTelemetryFault Telemetry fault on IFL coaxial cable.

powerFault ODU power supply fault.

oduTemperatureFault ODU temperature reading below -40° C or above +70° C.

oduFlagProblemsSummary Non-Critical fault of an internal ODU module.

oduFlagPreWarningSummary Pre warning of non-critical fault of an internal ODU module.

24.1.5 (Link) Radio Link Summary LED

Conditions afflicting the radio link quality will trigger this alarm. The LINK LED indicates a problem in the user traffic path. A red LINK LED would indicate a failure of communications on the receive portion of the radio link. The table below provides a list of the parameters monitored by the LINK summary alarm:

MIB Variable Name Description of Alarm

cableSummaryFault IFL cable faults.

amuxFrameSyncFault Continuous loss of AMUX synchronization.


MIB Variable Name Description of Alarm

berFault BER below user defined threshold.

rxSignalLevelFault Receive signal level below user defined value.

fecSyncFault Forward Error Correction sync fault.

demodFault Loss of receive clock into the ODU demodulator.

iduTelemetryFault IDU to ODU telemetry link fault.

diagnosticState Initiated when system loop backs are performed.

rfMuteStatus Transmitter Muted.

txModulationTest Transmitter placed in modulation test mode.

txContinuousWave Transmitter has been placed into CW mode.

cmuxRxPllLockFault ODU cablemux receive PLL lock fault.

cmuxTxPllLockFault ODU cablemux transmit PLL lock fault.

aggregateLoopback An internal loopback is ongoing, therefore there is no link.

24.1.6 Status LED Fault Cause Matrix

Table 33 lists the various LED indications and provides a recommendation for corrective action.

Table 33. LED Indications, Status and Fault Causes LED Conditions

ENET CBL IDU ODU Link Status Fault Cause

Off Off Off Off Off No Power Applied

All LEDs will remain off until power is applied to the IDU and the On/Off switch has been turned on. Check to make sure the DC power being supplied to the unit meets the input voltage specifications.

Off/G G R R R Factory Default Unconfigured

This indication normally means that the link is unconfigured and is at the factory default settings.

G G G G G Normal Operation None

Off G G G G

Normal Operation when the Ethernet Management Port is not connected to a network

If the Ethernet Management port is connected to a network, or workstation and the ENET summary LED remains off, make sure the proper cable is being used to connect to the network.

Off/G G G R R Potential hardware fault from within the ODU

A hard fault indication from within the ODU that would imply an internal hardware fault. Such alarms could include Synthesizer/PLO lock alarm etc. This alarm normally causes the link alarm to turn red.

Off/G G R G R Potential hardware fault from within the IDU

A hard fault indication from within the IDU. This alarm can be caused by faulty UIBs, IDU PSU alarms, boot test failures, etc. This alarm will also cause the link alarm to turn red.

Off/G G G G R Link Down Alarm

When this LED is red with no other summary alarms present the link between the local and remote radio is in a non-operational state. The various items that can cause the link alarm are high link BER, low RSL, misaligned antennas.


LED Conditions ENET CBL IDU ODU Link Status Fault Cause

Off/G R G R R Cable Alarm Present

A cable open or cable short alarm is present on the IFL coaxial cable that interconnects the IDU and ODU. This alarm can be caused by faulty terminations of the IFL connectors, a damaged IFL cable, or water intrusion into the IFL cable or connectors. Use an Ohm meter to troubleshoot the cable open or short.

24.1.7 Viewing the Status of the LEDs Using the CMI

The status of the front panel LEDs can be viewed from the Alarm LED Status window of the CMI. The following steps can be used to access the Alarm LED Status window:

1) Select option 4, System Alarms and Status from the CMI Main menu. The System Alarms and Status window (Figure 68) is displayed.

Figure 68. System Alarms and Status

2) Select option 2, Alarm LED Status. The Alarm LED Status window (Figure 69) is

displayed with the status of each LED.


Figure 69. Alarm LED Status Window

24.2 Viewing the System Activity Log All system alarms and events are logged into the radio terminal and can be viewed by maintenance personnel. These events are viewable by accessing the Activity Log window, shown in Figure 70, of the CMI. The following information is tracked and displayed by the Event Log window.

Entry This is a reference number assigned to the event in the log Time This parameter displays the time that the event occurred. If the system date and time has been configured, each event in the log will be time stamped accordingly. If the system date and time is not configured when the event occurs, the event will be stamped with the system uptime value, which is displayed in 100ths of seconds. [Clear Log] – Selection of this parameter will clear the event log of all events. [pgUp] – The ability to scroll up the event log is provided by this feature. [pgDown] – The ability to scroll down the event log is provided by this feature. 1) Select option 4, System Alarms and Status from the CMI Main menu. The System

Alarms and Status window is displayed. 2) Select option 4, Activity Log. The Activity Log window (Figure 70) is displayed.

All system activities can be viewed from this window.


Figure 70. Activity Log Window

24.3 Diagnostic System Loopbacks Various loopback options are available to aid in the troubleshooting process. These loopbacks can be used in conjunction with an external Bit Error Rate Test (BERT) set to verify the performance characteristics at specific points throughout the radio system. Figure 71 provides a graphical representation of the available system loopbacks. Table 34 provides a detailed description of the loopbacks shown in Figure 71.

Figure 71. IDU and ODU Loopbacks


Table 34. Loopbacks and Descriptions Loopback # Loopback Name Description

1 IDU Cable Local Loop back

All local UIB tributary inputs are looped back to the local UIB tributary outputs at the CMUX. Success of this loopback proves the functionality of the following radio link components: Local UIBs, Local IDU

2 IDU Cable Remote Loop back

All local UIB tributary inputs are looped back to the remote UIB tributary outputs at the CMUX. Success of this loopback proves the functionality of the following radio link components: Local IFL, Local ODU, Remote ODU, Remote IFL, Remote IDU, Remote UIBs

3 ODU Cable Local Loop back

All local UIB tributary inputs are looped back to the local tributary outputs. Success of this loopback proves the functionality of the following radio link components: Local UIBs, Local IDU, Local IFL, Local ODU CMUX.

4 ODU Aggregate Local Loop back

All local UIB tributary inputs are looped back to the local UIB tributary outputs. Success of this loopback proves the functionality of the following radio link components: Local UIBs, Local IDU, Local IFL

5 ODU Aggregate Remote Loop back

All remote UIB tributary inputs are looped back to the remote UIB tributary outputs. Success of this loopback proves the functionality of the following radio link components: Remote UIBs, Remote IDU, Remote IFL, Remote ODU, Radio Path and Antennas

24.3.1 Enabling and Disabling System Loopbacks All system loopbacks can be enabled or disabled by following the steps below:

1) Select option 6, Diagnostics from the CMI Main menu. The Diagnostics window is displayed.

2) Select option 1, ODU and IDU Loopbacks. The Loopbacks window (Figure 72) is

displayed.


Figure 72. Loopbacks Window

3) Select the desired loopback option. Use the Spacebar to toggle the true or false option and press the Enter key.

4) Select option 8, Loopback Timer. Type in the number of seconds to run the loopback for and press the Enter key.

5) Select the [Apply changes] option. The selected loopback will be initiated for the specified period of time. The Loopback Timer Counter will display the number of remaining seconds before the loopback will expire.

24.4 Performance Monitoring Capabilities

Several performance-monitoring capabilities are available that provide information on the radio link quality of service. Selecting the Performance Monitoring option from the CMI Main menu displays the Performance Monitoring window to allow access to these features.

24.4.1 Radio Performance Monitoring

The ability to select G.821 or G.826 statistics is made available by selecting the Radio Performance Monitoring menu of the CMI. These menu options are explained in further detail in the following sections.

24.4.1.1 Viewing G.821 Statistics

The G.821 statistics provide performance information based on the monitoring of the aggregate data traffic. Use the following steps to access the G.821 Statistics counters:


1) Select option 5, Performance Monitoring from the CMI Main menu. The Performance Monitoring window (Figure 73) is displayed.

Figure 73. Performance Monitoring Window

2) Select option 1, Radio Performance Monitoring. The Radio Performance Monitoring window is displayed (Figure 74).

Figure 74. Radio Performance Monitoring Window

3) Select option 1, G821 Statistics. The G821 Statistics window (Figure 75) is displayed.


Figure 75. G.821 Statistics

4) The statistics can be reset by selecting option 1, Reset Current G.821 Statistics option. Select the ResetNow option.

5) Select the [Apply changes] option. The statistics counters will be reset.

24.4.1.2 Viewing G.826 Statistics

The G.826 statistics provide performance information based on the monitoring of the aggregate data traffic. Use the following steps to access the G.826 Statistics counters:

1) Select option 5, Performance Monitoring from the CMI Main menu. The Performance Monitoring window is displayed.

2) Select option Radio Performance Monitoring. The Radio Performance Monitoring window is displayed.

3) Select option 2, G826 Statistics option. The G826 Statistics window (Figure 76) is displayed.


Figure 76. G.826 Statistics

4) The statistics can be reset by selecting option1, Reset Current G.826 Statistics. Select the ResetNow option.

5) Select the [Apply changes] option. The statistic counters will be reset.


APPENDIX A – SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS

7 GHz 8 GHz 13 GHz 15GHz 17 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz 38 GHz

Frequency Range 7.1 – 7.7 7.7 – 8.5 12.75 – 13.25 14.4 – 15.35

17.3 –17.7 17.7-19.7 21.2 – 23.6 24.5 – 26.5 37.0 – 39.5

ITU-R Frequency Plan

F.385-6 F.386-6 F.497-6 F.636-3 - F.595-6 F.637-3 F.748-3 F.749-1

Channel Spacing 7, 14, 28 MHz (13.75, 27.5 MHz at 18GHz)

Frequency Stability ± 10 ppm

TX Power Output (std Power)

+26 dBm +26 dBm +21 dBm +21 dBm +23 dBm +21 dBm +23 dBm +23 dBm +19 dBm

TX Power Output (high power)

- - +26 dBm +26 dBm - - - - -

TX Adjustment Range 30 dB 30 dB 40 dB 40 dB 40 dB 40 dB 50 dB 50 dB 50 dB

Residual B.E.R. ≤1x10-11 (below 34Mbps) ≤ 1x10-12 (34Mbps)

RX Overload for 1x10-6 BER.

≥-15 dBm

RX Sensitivity for 1x10-6 BER

7MHz B/W 14MHz B/W 28MHz B/W

-82.0 dBm -79.0 dBm -76.0 dBm

-81.0 dBm -78.0 dBm -75.0 dBm

-81.0 dBm -78.0 dBm -75.0 dBm

-81.0 dBm -78.0 dBm -75.0 dBm

-81.0 dBm - -

-80.0 dBm -77.0 dBm -74.0 dBm

-80.5 dBm -77.5 dBm -74.5 dBm

-79.0 dBm -76.0 dBm -73.0 dBm

-76.5 dBm -73.5dBm -70.5 dBm

Antenna Sizes 30cm - 120cm available with integral ODU mount in most frequency bands. Other sizes available on request.

PDH CAPACITIES: 1 to 4 x 4E1 (4 to 16 x 2.048 Mbps) 1 to 4 x 1E2 (1 to 4 x 8.448Mbps) 1 x 1E3 (34.368Mbps) Any combination of PDH and Ethernet data rates to 34 Mbps

ETHERNET CAPACITIES:

1 to 4 x 10.100BTX Ethernet 8.4 Mb throughput in 7 MHz B/W 17 Mb throughput in 14 MHz B/W 34 Mb throughput in 28 MHz B/W

Any combination of PDH and Ethernet data rates to 34 Mbps

PHYSICAL INTERFACES:

E1 75Ω Unbalanced coax E1 120Ω Balanced - RJ45 E2 75Ω Unbalanced – BNC E3 75Ω Unbalanced - BNC 10/100BaseT Ethernet – RJ45

NETWORK MANAGEMENT:

Embedded SNMP; standard, Ethernet, enterprise and private MIBs, Telnet, TFTP over Ethernet, PPP over RS232 Console (CMI)

AUXILIARY CHANNELS:

Engineering Orderwire 300 – 3400 Hz

Asynchronous Data Channel RS232, 9600 Baud

Synchronous Data Channel RS-422, 64 Kbps

EXTERNAL ALARM I/O:

Five form C relay outputs Five TTL inputs

POWER REQUIREMENTS: Input Voltage: ±19.2 to ±72 VDC Consumption: 45 – 55 watts* *depending on UIB configuration

IDU TO ODU INTERFACE:

One 50Ω coaxial cable Distance: up to 300 meters Connector: N type

REGULATORY

1995/5/EC R&TTE Directive ENVIRONMENTAL:

Temperature Range: ODU: -33oC to +60oC (EN 300 019, Class 4.1) IDU/RIU: -10oC to +55oC (EN 300 019, Class 3.2)

Humidity: ODU: All-weather operation IDU/RIU: up to 95%, non-condensing

Altitude: IDU, RIU and ODU: Up to 4,500 meters

MECHANICAL:

Dimensions: (H x W x D) ODU: 292 x 292x 127mm

11.5” x 11.5” x 5” IDU/RIU: 45 x 445 x 254 mm

1.75” x 17.5” x 10” (1RU 19” Rack) Weight:

ODU: 5.2 Kg (11.4 lbs) IDU/RIU: 2.5 kg (5.5 lbs)

Specifications subject to change without notice. Fresnel Wireless Systems, Ltd. reserves the right to change features and specifications without notice or obligation. AIM-34 is a trademark of Fresnel Wireless Systems, Ltd.. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. All rights reserved.


APPENDIX B – COMMISSIONING CHECKLIST

This checklist can be used throughout the installation process and during the commissioning of the radio link to help ensure the link has been installed correctly. Place a check mark in the appropriate Site A or Site B box next to each item in the table once it has been inspected. Refer to the detailed installation procedures contained in each installation phase for more information.

Table 35. Commissioning Checklist

Site Check Boxes Installation Item

Site A Site B

Phase 1 IFL Cable Installation & Termination Cable properly installed with necessary support if required

N-type connectors properly terminated

Phase 2 IDU & UIB Installation IDU properly installed in rack

Appropriate UIBs installed in the IDU

Proper AC or DC ground selected on all coaxial type UIBs

Phase 3 Antenna Installation Anti seize applied to pole mounting bracket hardware

Radome drain hole oriented in the proper direction

Gasket in place on blindmate interface

Lubrication applied to blindmate interface gasket

Antenna feed oriented for proper polarization (if applicable)

Phase 4 ODU Installation

Proper frequency band installed at each site

Proper ODU polarization selected

Securing Clasp properly locked into position

Weather seal applied to IFL connector at ODU interface

Phase 5 Initial Configuration TX Power Set to level called out in the link budget

Transmitter Mute is set to OFF

Proper transmit channel is set

Link ID configured correctly

Phase 6 Antenna Alignment AGC voltage is peaked for maximum reading Antenna azimuth and elevation hardware is secured and torqued to manufacturers specifications

CMI displays receive signal level within +/- 4dBm of calculated level


Site Check Boxes Optional Installation Items

Site A Site B

Ethernet Management Port Configuration Ethernet Management Port IP Address

Ethernet Management Port Subnet Mask

Ethernet Management Port Gateway Address

PPP Port Configuration

Management PPP Host IP Address

Management PPP Client IP Address

SNMP Configuration SNMP Manager IP Address

Traps Enabled

Proper community strings selected

Proper SNMP Version Selected

Security Configuration

Desired User Name Configured

Desired Password Configured

Appropriate Level of Access Assigned to User

System Time & Date Configuration Manual or Automatic SNTP Time and Date Configured Properly


APPENDIX C – ODU CHANNEL PLAN OUTLINE This appendix provides a complete list of Outdoor Units (ODUs) available for use with the AIM-34 radio system. The channel # and associated center frequency for each specific ODU band is also provided. Table 36 through Table 44 define 7, 8, 13, 15, 17, 18, 23, 26, and 38 GHz ODU configurations.

Table 36. 7 GHz ODU Configurations 7 GHz, 154 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 385-6, Annex 1, +26 dBm

Band Part Number TX Frequency Range RX Frequency Range Tuning Step Size (MHZ)

1L 27-0101-AF1L 7,428 – 7,512 7,582 – 7,666 1.75 2L 27-0101-AF2L 7,484 – 7,568 7,638 – 7,722 1.75 1H 27-0101-AF1H 7,582 – 7,666 7,428 – 7,512 1.75 2H 27-0101-AF2H 7,638 – 7,722 7,484 – 7,568 1.75

7 GHz, 161 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 385-6, +26 dBm 1L 27-0102-AG1L 7,114 – 7,205 7,275 – 7,366 1.75 2L 27-0102-AG2L 7,184 – 7,275 7,345 – 7,436 1.75 1H 27-0102-AG1H 7,275 – 7,366 7,114 – 7,205 1.75 2H 27-0102-AG2H 7,345 – 7,436 7,184 – 7,275 1.75




7 GHz, 245 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 385-6, Annex 4, +26 dBm 1L 27-0104-AH1L 7,428 – 7,540 7,673 – 7,785 1.75 2L 27-0104-AH2L 7,540 – 7,652 7,785 – 7,897 1.75 1H 27-0104-AH1H 7,673 – 7,785 7,428 – 7,540 1.75 2H 27-0104-AH2H 7,785 – 7,897 7,540 – 7,652 1.75


Table 37. 8 GHz ODU Configurations 8 GHz, 119/126 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 386-6, Annex 3, +26 dBm


1L 27-0105-BA1L 8,279 – 8,335 8,398 – 8,454 1.75 2L 27-0105-BA2L 8,321 – 8,377 8,440 – 8,496 1.75 1H 27-0105-BA1H 8,398 – 8,454 8,279 – 8,335 1.75 2H 27-0105-BA2H 8,440 – 8,496 8,321 – 8,377 1.75

8 GHz, 151.614 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 386-6, +21 dBm 1L 27-0107-BE1L 8,196 – 8,283 8,347 – 8,434 11.662 2L 27-0107-BE2L 8,266 – 8,353 8,417 – 8,504 11.662 1H 27-0107-BE1H 8,347 – 8,434 8,196 – 8,283 11.662 2H 27-0107-BE2H 8,417 – 8,504 8,266 – 8,353 11.662

8 GHz, 311.32 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 386-6, Annex 1, +26 dBm 1L 27-0106-BC1L 7,733 – 7,852 8,045 – 8,163 29.65 2L 27-0106-BC2L 7,852 – 7,970 8,163 – 8,281 29.65 1H 27-0106-BC1H 8,045 – 8,163 7,733 – 7,852 29.65 2H 27-0106-BC2H 8,163 – 8,281 7,852 – 7,970 29.65

Table 38. 13 GHz ODU Configurations 13 GHz, 266 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 497-6, +21 dBm


1L 27-0108-CI1L 12,751 – 12,863 13,017 – 13,129 1.75 2L 27-0108-CI2L 12,863 – 12,975 13,129 – 13,241 1.75 1H 27-0108-CI1H 13,017 – 13,129 12,751 – 12,863 1.75 2H 27-0108-CI2H 13,129 – 13,241 12,863 – 12,975 1.75

13 GHz, 266 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 497-6, +26 dBm 1L 27-0108-CI1L-HP 12,751 – 12,863 13,017 – 13,129 1.75 2L 27-0108-CI2L-HP 12,863 – 12,975 13,129 – 13,241 1.75 1H 27-0108-CI1H-HP 13,017 – 13,129 12,751 – 12,863 1.75 2H 27-0108-CI2H-HP 13,129 – 13,241 12,863 – 12,975 1.75


Table 39. 15 GHz ODU Configurations 15 GHz, 315 MHz T/R Spacing, +21 dBm


1L 27-0110-EJ1L 14,628 – 14,788 14,943 – 15,103 1.75 2L 27-0110-EJ2L 14,768 – 14,928 15,083 – 15,243 1.75 1H 27-0110-EJ1H 14,943 – 15,103 14,628 – 14,788 1.75 2H 27-0110-EJ2H 15,083 – 15,243 14,768 – 14,928 1.75

15 GHz, 315 MHz T/R Spacing, +26 dBm 1L 27-0110-EJ1L-HP 14,628 – 14,788 14,943 – 15,103 1.75 2L 27-0110-EJ2L-HP 14,768 – 14,928 15,083 – 15,243 1.75 1H 27-0110-EJ1H-HP 14,943 – 15,103 14,628 – 14,788 1.75 2H 27-0110-EJ2H-HP 15,083 – 15,243 14,768 – 14,928 1.75

15 GHz, 420 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 636-3, +21 dBm 1L 27-0111-EL1L 14,501 – 14,620 14,921 – 15,040 1.75 2L 27-0111-EL2L 14,606 – 14,725 15,026 – 15,145 1.75 3L 27-0111-EL3L 14,697 – 14,830 15,117 – 15,250 1.75 4L 27-0111-EL4L 14,809 – 14,928 15,229 – 15,348 1.75 1H 27-0111-EL1H 14,921 – 15,040 14,501 – 14,620 1.75 2H 27-0111-EL2H 15,026 – 15,145 14,606 – 14,725 1.75 3H 27-0111-EL3H 15,117 – 15,250 14,697 – 14,830 1.75 4H 27-0111-EL4H 15,229 – 15,348 14,809 – 14,928 1.75

15 GHz, 420 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 636-3, +26 dBm 1L 27-0111-EL1L-HP 14,501 – 14,620 14,921 – 15,040 1.75 2L 27-0111-EL2L-HP 14,606 – 14,725 15,026 – 15,145 1.75 3L 27-0111-EL3L-HP 14,697 – 14,830 15,117 – 15,250 1.75 4L 27-0111-EL4L-HP 14,809 – 14,928 15,229 – 15,348 1.75 1H 27-0111-EL1H-HP 14,921 – 15,040 14,501 – 14,620 1.75 2H 27-0111-EL2H-HP 15,026 – 15,145 14,606 – 14,725 1.75 3H 27-0111-EL3H-HP 15,117 – 15,250 14,697 – 14,830 1.75 4H 27-0111-EL4H-HP 15,229 – 15,348 14,809 – 14,928 1.75

15 GHz, 490 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 636-3, +21 dBm 1L 27-0112-EM1L 14,403 – 14,522 14,893 – 15,012 1.75 2L 27-0112-EM2L 14,515 – 14,634 15,005 – 15,124 1.75 3L 27-0112-EM3L 14,627 – 14,746 15,117 – 15,236 1.75 4L 27-0112-EM4L 14,739 – 14,858 15,229 – 15,348 1.75 1H 27-0112-EM1H 14,893 – 15,012 14,403 – 14,522 1.75 2H 27-0112-EM2H 15,005 – 15,124 14,515 – 14,634 1.75 3H 27-0112-EM3H 15,117 – 15,236 14,627 – 14,746 1.75 4H 27-0112-EM4H 15,229 – 15,348 14,739 – 14,858 1.75

15 GHz, 490 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 636-3, +26 dBm 1L 27-0112-EM1L-HP 14,403 – 14,522 14,893 – 15,012 1.75 2L 27-0112-EM2L-HP 14,515 – 14,634 15,005 – 15,124 1.75 3L 27-0112-EM3L-HP 14,627 – 14,746 15,117 – 15,236 1.75


4L 27-0112-EM4L-HP 14,739 – 14,858 15,229 – 15,348 1.75 1H 27-0112-EM1H-HP 14,893 – 15,012 14,403 – 14,522 1.75 2H 27-0112-EM2H-HP 15,005 – 15,124 14,515 – 14,634 1.75 3H 27-0112-EM3H-HP 15,117 – 15,236 14,627 – 14,746 1.75 4H 27-0112-EM4H-HP 15,229 – 15,348 14,739 – 14,858 1.75

15 GHz, 644 MHz T/R Spacing, +21 dBm 1L 27-0113-EN1L 14,501 – 14,697 15,145 – 15,341 1.75 1H 27-0113-EN1H 15,145 – 15,341 14,501 – 14,697 1.75

15 GHz, 644 MHz T/R Spacing, +26 dBm 1L 27-0113-EN1L-HP 14,501 – 14,697 15,145 – 15,341 1.75 1H 27-0113-EN1H-HP 15,145 – 15,341 14,501 – 14,697 1.75

15 GHz, 728 MHz T/R Spacing, BAPT 211 ZV 018/15 GHZ, +21 dBm 1L 27-0114-EO1L 14,501 – 14,620 15,229 – 15,348 1.75 1H 27-0114-EO1H 15,229 – 15,348 14,501 – 14,620 1.75

15 GHz, 728 MHz T/R Spacing, BAPT 211 ZV 018/15 GHZ, +26 dBm 1L 27-0114-EO1L-HP 14,501 – 14,620 15,229 – 15,348 1.75 1H 27-0114-EO1H-HP 15,229 – 15,348 14,501 – 14,620 1.75



1L 27-0125-MX1L 17,346 – 17,386 17,576 – 17,616 8.0 2L 27-0125-MX2L 17,423 – 17,463 17,653 – 17,693 8.0 1H 27-0125-MX1H 17,576 – 17,616 17,346 – 17,386 8.0 2H 27-0125-MX2H 17,653 – 17,693 17,423 – 17,463 8.0



1L 27-0115-FB1L 18,580 – 18,640 18,700 – 18,760 2.5 2L 27-0115-FB2L 18,640 – 18,700 18,760 – 18,820 2.5 1H 27-0115-FB1H 18,700 – 18,760 18,580 – 18,640 2.5 2H 27-0115-FB2H 18,760 – 18,820 18,640 – 18,700 2.5

18 GHz, 340 MHz T/R Spacing, +23 dBm 1L 27-0116-FK1L 18,580 – 18,755 18,920 – 19,095 2.5 2L 27-0116-FK2L 18,700 – 18,925 19,040 – 19,265 2.5


1H 27-0116-FK1H 18,920 – 19,095 18,580 – 18,755 2.5 2H 27-0116-FK2H 19,040 – 19,265 18,700 – 18,925 2.5

18 GHz, 1010 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 595-6, +23 dBm 1L 27-0117-FQ1L 17,706 – 18,223 18,716 – 19,233 6.875

2L 27-0117-FQ2L 18,167 – 18,684 19,177 – 19,694 6.875 1H 27-0117-FQ1H 18,716 – 19,233 17,706 – 18,223 6.875 2H 27-0117-FQ2H 19,177 – 19,694 18,167 – 18,684 6.875

18 GHz, 1615 MHz T/R Spacing, +23 dBm 1L 27-0118-FP1L 17,713 – 18,071 19,328 – 19,686 6.875 1H 27-0118-FP2H 19,328 – 19,686 17,713 – 18,071 6.875

Table 42. 23 GHz ODU Configurations 23 GHz, 1008 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 637-3, Annex 3, +23 dBm


1L 27-0119-GS1L 22,002 – 22,590 23,010 – 23,598 1.75 1H 27-0119-GS1H 23,010 – 23,598 22,002 – 22,590 1.75

23 GHz, 1200 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 637-3, Annex 4, +23 dBm 1L 27-0120-GR1L 21,200 – 21,800 22,400 – 23,000 2.5 2L 27-0120-GR2L 21,800 – 22,400 23,000 – 23,600 2.5 1H 27-0120-GR1H 22,400 – 23,000 21,200 – 21,800 2.5 2H 27-0120-GR2H 23,000 – 23,600 21,800 – 22,400 2.5

23 GHz, 1232 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 637-3, +23 dBm 1L 27-0121-GV1L 21,224 – 21,784 22,456 – 23,016 1.75 2L 27-0121-GV2L 21,784 – 22,344 23,016 – 23,576 1.75 1H 27-0121-GV1H 22,456 – 23,016 21,224 – 21,784 1.75 2H 27-0121-GV2H 23,016 – 23,576 21,784 – 22,344 1.75

Table 43. 26 GHz ODU Configurations 26 GHz, 1008 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 748-3, +23 dBm


1L 27-0122-IS1L 24,549 – 24,997 25,557 – 26,005 1.75 2L 27-0122-IS2L 24,997 – 25,445 26,005 – 26,453 1.75 1H 27-0122-IS1H 25,557 – 26,005 24,549 – 24,997 1.75 2H 27-0122-1S2H 26,005 – 26,453 24,997 – 25,445 1.75


Table 44. 38 GHz ODU Configurations

38 GHz, 1260 MHz T/R Spacing, ITU-R 749-1, Annex 1, +19 dBm Band Part Number TX Frequency Range RX Frequency Range Tuning Step

Size (MHZ) 1L 27-0123-LW1L 37,058 – 37,618 38,318 – 38,878 1.75 2L 27-0123-LW2L 37,618 – 38,178 38,878 – 39,438 1.75 1H 27-0123-LW1H 38,318 – 38,878 37,058 – 37,618 1.75 2H 27-0123-LW2H 38,878 – 39,438 37,618 – 38,178 1.75


APPENDIX D – EQUIPMENT GROUNDING

Every radio installation site has unique grounding and lightning protection requirements. These unique requirements warrant the proper design and installation of the grounding infrastructure by trained professionals that are familiar with local regulations and grounding practices. Improper design can result in damage to equipment and injury to personnel. The information provided in this appendix establishes general grounding and lightening protection practices used during the installation of the AIM-34 radio terminal. Additional sources of grounding and lightening protection information are referenced at the end of this appendix.

It is imperative to start off this section by noting that the AIM-34 radio system must be properly connected to an earth ground. Proper grounding improves the overall safety of the site installation, as well as helping to prevent damage to the radio equipment, and other contents in the building, due to lightning or other EMP (Electromagnetic Pulse) strikes. Without the radio system being properly grounded, each component in the system (IDU, IFL coax cable, ODU, etc.) could be at a different voltage potential, and when a strike occurs, the strike energy will take the path of least resistance to ground. As this surge of energy tries to make its way to earth ground, it may use some of the radio circuitry as a path, causing damage to the equipment if the equipment is not properly grounded.

When considering ground systems for the AIM-34 radio, the planner must ensure availability of a suitable earth ground, and in turn the installer must ensure that the three major components in the system (IDU, ODU, coax IFL cable) are adequately grounded during the installation process. While it is outside the scope of this manual to document every installation scenario, it provides guidance to the installer to ensure that proper precautions have been taken to provide an adequate ground.

Figure D-1 below depicts a typical AIM-34 radio installation, showing the grounding plan for each element (IDU, ODU, IFL cable) in the system. Note that each element in the system is connected to a common ground system. A common ground point is important as it keeps the elements in the system at the same potential, hence a lower risk of EMP or lightning surge current flowing through the element as it tries to find the shortest path to ground.

When installing coax cables and ground cables, care should be taken to ensure the shortest possible distance between elements is used, and that cables are cut to length, and neatly secured. Coiling of excess cable lengths on the protected side of the system should be avoided, as this acts


as an air-wound transformer and can couple magnetic energy from a nearby strike back into the protected equipment.

Figure D-1, Typical AIM-34 Installation showing all ground locations

Equipment damaged by lightning or other EMP strikes is not covered under warranty.


Outdoor Unit/Antenna System – the ODU/Antenna system typically is mounted on a tower, wall mounted pole, or rooftop tripod/sled mount structure. First and foremost, the mounting structure (tower, tripod, pole, etc.) must be connected to an earth ground through a low inductance conductor. Copper straps are preferred to heavy gauge wire because of their low inductance and larger surface area. Tower mounted installations will almost always have a good ground system in place. Wall mounts and tripod/sled mounts are items that are typically an afterthought when constructing a building, and in turn the rooftop earth ground may not be as readily available or noticeable. When installing a rooftop or wall mounted system, the planner and/or installer must ensure that the building ground provides the path of least resistance to earth ground. Typically the building engineer or property owner should be consulted for locating the best earth ground. If the plan calls for using a water pipe (used in conjunction with the building HVAC system) for earth ground, it should be free of PVC fittings or rubber insulating gaskets/couplings. Ensure that there is continuity all the way down the pipe to earth ground. It is recommended that the mounting structure also includes lightning rod protection, and the ODU/Antenna should never be installed at a point higher on the structure than the lightning rod.

Refer to Figure D-2. The AIM-34 ODU contains a ground stud near the N type (IFL cable) connector. A crimp lug (not supplied with the radio) should be secured to one end of the ground wire. It is recommended that a #6 AWG or heavier be used. Secure the ground wire lug to the ODU, and secure the other end of the ground wire to the mounting structure.

Figure D-2, AIM-34 ODU Ground Stud Location

IFL Coaxial Cable – Proper grounding of the IFL cable from the ODU to the IDU must also be considered when planning and/or installing the radio system. The shortest possible cable distance between ODU and IDU should be planned. For maintenance purposes, a small service loop (it can also act as a drip loop) should be used at the ODU. It is highly recommended that excess cable be cut and properly terminated instead of coiled and wrapped around the mounting structure.

In areas that are prone to lightning strikes, the use of an in-line coaxial cable lightning or surge arrestor is recommended. These can be provided by Fresnel, or sourced locally. For lightning


arrestors that are sourced locally, care should be used to procure one that meets the following minimum criteria:

Frequency Range 0 – 100 MHz Impedance 50Ω unbalanced I/O Connectors N Type Female DC Pass Thru Voltage >60 VDC (the IFL cable supplies –48 VDC from the IDU to the ODU.

DC Blocked arrestors cannot be used. Insertion Loss <0.5 dB Turn-On Voltage Must be above 60 VDC, see DC Pass Thru above VSWR 1.1:1 or better

Installation of the surge arrestor typically means cutting the coax cable at the outside entry point of the building, terminating the cable with the appropriate N type connectors, and connecting the cables to the surge arrestor. A final connection from the surge arrestor to earth ground completes the installation.

Figure D-3, Typical in-line coaxial cable lightning arrestor

In installations where extremely long cable runs are used, and in areas with extremely high lightning or EMP activity, it may also be prudent to use a cable grounding kit. One grounding kit should be used at the top of the tower, at the bottom of the tower, and every 200 feet (60m) where applicable. Additionally, a grounding kit should be used at the entrance of the building. The outer jacket of the cable is cut back, exposing the shield of the cable. The grounding kit is bonded to the shield, and weather-sealed. The other end of the grounding kit is then attached to the tower or earth ground.

Figure D-4, Typical Coax Cable Grounding Kit

Indoor Unit – The IDU must also be grounded to the building ground system. Typically the IDU is installed in a relay rack that houses other equipment such as base stations, multiplexers, etc. The equipment rack should be connected to earth ground. For installations where the IDU is not mounted in a rack, i.e. wall, shelf, or desk mounted, the installer must locate a suitable earth ground, and run a heavy gauge wire or copper strap from the ground location to the IDU.


Note Figure D-5 below. On the upper right side of the IDU is an earth ground stud.

A crimp lug (not supplied with the radio) should be secured to one end of the ground wire. It is recommended that a #12 AWG or heavier be used. Secure the ground wire lug to the IDU, and secure the other end of the ground wire to the relay rack or building (in the case of no relay rack installations) earth ground.

Figure D-5, AIM-34 Indoor Unit Ground Stud Location

Additional Reference Material

ITU-T K.15 Protection of remote-feeding systems and line repeaters against lightening and interference from neighboring electricity lines ITU-T K.27 Bonding configurations and earthing inside a telecommunications building ITU-T K.31 Bonding configurations and earthing of telecommunication installations inside a subscriber’s building ITU-T K.35 Bonding configurations and earthing at remote electronic sites ITU-T K.39 Risk assessment of damages to telecommunications sites due to lightening discharges ITU-T K.40 Protection against LEMP in telecommunications centres IEEE Emerald Book Powering and Grounding


APPENDIX E - REMOTE RADIO ACCESS IP SAMPLE CONFIGURATIONS

IP connections to the local and remote radio terminals, using SNMP or Telnet applications, require configuration of the local and remote Ethernet Management ports. Before these connections can be established the following items must be configured properly:

Local Radio IP Configuration Management Ethernet IP Address Management Ethernet IP Mask Default Management Gateway IP Address

Remote Radio IP Configuration

Management Ethernet IP Address Management Ethernet IP Mask Default Management Gateway IP Address

PC Configuration

IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway

The remaining subsections in this appendix outline the procedures used to perform the configuration of the above parameters. Example IP Configuration

Table 45 provides an example IP addressing configuration that can be used in the field to establish IP connectivity between the local and remote radio terminals.

If the AIM-34 radio terminal is being connected to a network, for remote management or SNMP connectivity, then users should substitute the example IP address information with a configuration designed for the network being attached to the radio.

Table 45. Example IP Configuration

Local Radio IP Configuration

Management Ethernet IP Address 10.0.0.66

Management Ethernet IP Mask 255.255.255.192

Default Management Gateway IP Address 10.0.0.65



Management Ethernet IP Address 10.0.0.130

Management Ethernet IP Mask 255.255.255.192

Default Management Gateway IP Address 10.0.0.129

Local PC Configuration

IP Address 10.0.0.65

Subnet Mask 255.255.255.192

Default Gateway 10.0.0.66

Connecting to the CMI (Step 1)

Before the configuration of the local radio IP parameters can take place a connection to the CMI must be established using the console port interface of the IDU. The procedure used to connect to the CMI is outlined in section 9.1 of this manual.

Once access to the CMI has been established the following section can be used to configure the IP parameters.

Local Radio IP Configuration (Step 2)

Now that a connection to the CMI has been established the IP configuration for the local radio must be setup. The following steps outline this procedure.

Ethernet Management Port Configuration

1) Select the System Configuration menu option from the Main menu of the CMI. 2) Select the Management Port Configuration. The Management Port Configuration

window is displayed. 3) Select the Management Ethernet IP Address: parameter and press the Enter key.

Type the desired IP address followed by the Enter key. This will be the IP address used for management of the local radio terminal. The example Management Ethernet IP Address for the local radio is 10.0.0.66

4) Next, highlight the Management Ethernet IP Mask: parameter and press the Enter key. Type the desired subnet mask for the Ethernet IP address followed by the Enter key. The example Management Ethernet IP MASK for the local radio is 255.255.255.192

5) Next, highlight the Default Management Gateway IP Address: parameter and press the Enter key. Type in the desired IP address of the default gateway and press the Enter key. The example Default Management Gateway IP Address for the local radio is 10.0.0.65

6) To activate the configuration, highlight the [Apply changes] option and press the Enter key. The Ethernet port IP parameters are now configured. Select the [Main


menu] option to return to the Main menu of the CMI and proceed with the remaining sections of this document.

Remote Radio IP Configuration (Step 3)

Configure the remote radio IP configuration using the steps performed in the Local Radio IP Configuration (Step 2) portion of this document. However, the addressing information on the remote radio is different than the configuration entered into the local radio. Substitute with the appropriate addressing information or use the information contained in the example configuration for the remote radio.

Configure the PC IP Addressing Information (Step 4)

This configuration step may vary depending on the PC operating system being used. For the purposes of this document the steps listed below can be used to configure the IP Address configuration of a PC that is running Windows 2000.

1) From the Main widow of the PC select Start >Settings > Control Panel. 2) From the Control Panel window double-click the Network and Dial-up Connections

icon. The Network and Dial-up Connections window is displayed.

3) Right click the Local Area Connection icon and select Properties. The Local Area Connection Properties window (Figure 77) is displayed.

Figure 77. Local Area Connection Properties Window


4) Click the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) component. Once it is highlighted, click the Properties button. The Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window is displayed.

5) Select the Use the Following IP address radio button. Enter the desired IP address,

Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway being assigned to the PC. The example configuration addresses are shown in the figure below:

Disregard the DNS portion of the configuration window. This is not required for communication with the AIM-34 radio.

6) Click the OK button. Some operating systems may require the PC to be rebooted before the changes will take effect.

7) Connect the Ethernet port of the PC to the ENET management port on the IDU using

a cross over Ethernet cable. The ENET Summary LED should light green if the proper cabling is used.

8) From the PC open a command prompt (DOS) window and type in the following

command: C:\>telnet 10.0.0.66

9) A Telnet session to the local radio CMI will open if the proper configuration has been performed.

10) To access the Remote radio type the following command: C:\>telnet 10.0.0.130


Radio Link IP Commissioning List

This page can be printed out and used to record the IP address configuration of a radio link. This information checklist should be filled out when requesting IP management related technical support from Fresnel.

Local Radio IP Configuration

Management Ethernet IP Address

Management Ethernet IP Mask

Default Management Gateway IP Address


Management Ethernet IP Address

Management Ethernet IP Mask

Default Management Gateway IP Address

Local PC Configuration

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

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