Download - Ergonomic Team Training
![Page 1: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
General Ergonomics
Kansas State University Division of Public Safety
![Page 2: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
IntroductionThis material was produced under grant number 46G1-HT02 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect+ the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Teaching materials were developed by the Hazardous Materials Training and Research Institute (HMTRI), Kirkwood Community College, Cedar Rapids, IA. Susan Harwood Grant 46G12-HT02
2
![Page 3: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Objectives for Today• Define musculoskeletal disorder (MSD)
• Lets take a look at our world
• Recognize risk factors for MSD's
• Ergonomics and its relationship to MSD's
• Understand some of the mechanics and solutions of MSD's
3
![Page 4: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Musculoskeletal Disorders• Daily stress to anatomical structures may occur
when a person is exposed to certain high risk activities. If the accumulating stress exceeds the body’s normal recuperative ability, inflammation of the tissue can follow. Chronic inflammation may lead to the development of a cumulative trauma disorder (MSD's).
4
![Page 5: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Injury in the making
5
![Page 6: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Also here…
6
![Page 7: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Ergonomics Goals• Training
• Communications
• Interventions
• System Solutions
7
![Page 8: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Early Intervention is Critical
• E arly
• R esponse
• G ains
• O pportunity
• Communications
• Pain prevention
• Cost containment
• Education
• Intervention
• Solutions
8
![Page 9: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Bottom Line…
The goal of ergonomics is to makeyour job safe and easy to perform.
9
![Page 10: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Tendonitis Risk Factors
• Repetition
• Forceful exertion
• Awkward / sustained postures
• Mechanical Stress
10
![Page 11: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Repetition
• Repeated motion
• Technology
o Speed
oNo built in breaks
• Less variation in work
11
![Page 12: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Awkward/Sustained Postures
• Neutral posture is the goal
• Stay in the comfort zone
• Don’t over reach
12
![Page 13: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Mechanical Stress
13
![Page 14: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Grip Force• Type of grip
• Object weight
• Object dimension
• Required posture
14
![Page 15: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Pinching/Posting Grips
15
![Page 16: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Lever Arms & Forces
16
![Page 17: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Shoulder Injuries• Impingement Syndrome
o bursitis
o rotator cuff tendonitis / tears
• Risk Factors
o overhead reaching / lifting
o sustained overhead positions
o force and repetition17
![Page 18: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Anatomy of the Shoulder
18
![Page 19: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Shoulder Impingement
19
![Page 20: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Minimize Overhead Lifting
20
![Page 21: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Bring the load down or lift yourself
21
![Page 22: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Low Back Pain• Review of the anatomy
o normal curves
o bony columns
o function of the disc
o spinal cord & nerve roots
o degenerative issues
• Maintain the balance
22
![Page 23: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Normal Curves of the Spine
23
![Page 24: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Columns of Support• Posterior column of support
omade up of the facet columno very stableo reflects an upright posture
• Anterior column of supportomade up of body of vertebra and the disco less stableo reflects a flexed posture
24
![Page 25: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The Disc & Nerve Root• The disc is the shock absorber of the
spine• 85% water at the age of 15• 25% water at the age of 75
25
![Page 26: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
A Close-up Look
26
![Page 27: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Forward Bending
• Too much spinal flexiono loads the anterior column
of supporto places the posterior wall of
the disc at risko has the potential for nerve
root compromise
27
![Page 28: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Balance the Curves
28
![Page 29: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Safe Lifting • Up-right neutral
posture
• Posterior column of support
• Stable -- less risk of injury
29
![Page 30: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Avoid Twisting
30
![Page 31: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Work smart – not hard
31
![Page 32: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Test Your Loads – Seek Help
32
![Page 33: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Consider Different Choices
Increase height of your work
33
![Page 34: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Safe Lifting is Not an Accident
• Avoid spinal flexion
• Avoid twisting
• Avoid increasing disc pressure
• Avoid reaching
• Maintain up-right neutral postures
• Hips = shoulders
• Elbows at your sides
• Keep the load close to your body
34
![Page 35: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
The Cervical Spine
35
![Page 36: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Cervical Spine Anatomy
36
![Page 37: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Weight of the Head = 10-12lbs
37
![Page 38: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Muscular support of the Neck
38
![Page 39: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Up-right Neutral Posture
39
![Page 40: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Forward Head Postures
40
![Page 41: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Forward Postures Lead to Trouble
• Muscular Strain
• Tension Headaches
• Ligament Laxity
• Degenerative Arthritis
• Nerve Root Compromise
41
![Page 42: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Question…
So if forward head postures are so bad, why do we do it ?
42
![Page 43: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
“The Need to See”• As components and associated circuits
have continued to shrink, operators havefound ways to enhance their individualfocal lengths for vision
• This has led to a variety of verypredictable postural accommodations
43
![Page 44: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
“Targeting the Work”• Directly related to this issue of vision is
“targeting of the work”.
• The process by which an individual brings two or more objects together in concert with one another
44
![Page 45: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Targeting the Work• Targeting of large objects can be
performed at a distance > 15 inches
• Targeting of small objects need to be performed at 6-10 inches, ie., needle and thread.
45
![Page 46: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Consider Elevation of product
46
![Page 47: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Not Bad, But…
47
![Page 48: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
A Better Combination
48
![Page 49: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Exercise Concept• Take a pause • Rest from stress not from
function• Reversal of positions
o flexed wristso flexed elbowso forward shoulderso forward headso sitting
49
![Page 50: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Upper Extremity Exercises
50
![Page 51: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
We’ve Been Here Before…• Prevention is the key• Early intervention• Keep it simple ….. We will get to difficult• Think neutral postures• Decrease heights• Shorten “lever arms”
51
![Page 52: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
In Closing…Where do we go?
52
![Page 53: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Slow Down…
53
![Page 54: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Stop and assess the situation
54
![Page 55: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Don’t be afraid to get some help
55
![Page 56: Ergonomic Team Training](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051521/586b87811a28ab88158bf8d6/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Listen to your body and pay attention
56