England and France DevelopEngland and France Develop England absorbs Waves of InvadersEngland absorbs Waves of Invaders

Early invasions from the VikingsEarly invasions from the Vikings Alfred the Great united Anglos into EnglandAlfred the Great united Anglos into England Danish king, Edward, united Anglo-Saxons and VikingsDanish king, Edward, united Anglo-Saxons and Vikings William the Conqueror, duke of NormandyWilliam the Conqueror, duke of Normandy Williams rival, Harold Godwinson, Anglo Saxon throne Williams rival, Harold Godwinson, Anglo Saxon throne Battle of HastingsBattle of Hastings William took control of England, established foundation of centralized William took control of England, established foundation of centralized

governmentgovernment

England's Evolving GovernmentEngland's Evolving Government Hold and add French landsHold and add French lands Strengthen noble powers on the churchStrengthen noble powers on the church Henry II married Eleanor of Aquitaine and so Henry II married Eleanor of Aquitaine and so

acquired a large French territoryacquired a large French territory

Juries and Common LawJuries and Common Law Henry ruled from 1154 to 1189Henry ruled from 1154 to 1189 Introduced juries into English courtsIntroduced juries into English courts Common lawCommon law

The Magna CartaThe Magna Carta Richard the Lion HeartedRichard the Lion Hearted John Softsword, poor military leaderJohn Softsword, poor military leader Lost lands to Phillip Augustus of FranceLost lands to Phillip Augustus of France Cruel to his people, alienated church, raised taxesCruel to his people, alienated church, raised taxes Nobles revolted and forced him to sign the Magna CartaNobles revolted and forced him to sign the Magna Carta Basic legal rights Basic legal rights

The Model ParliamentThe Model Parliament Edward established parliamentEdward established parliament Knights, burgesses, bishops, and lords met at Knights, burgesses, bishops, and lords met at

Westminster in LondonWestminster in London Knights and burgesses formed the House of Knights and burgesses formed the House of

Commons and the nobles and bishops formed the Commons and the nobles and bishops formed the House of LordsHouse of Lords

Capetian Dynasty Rules FranceCapetian Dynasty Rules France Hugh Capet began the DynastyHugh Capet began the Dynasty Location of France was keyLocation of France was key Philip II (Philip Augustus) powerful CapetianPhilip II (Philip Augustus) powerful Capetian Wanted to weaken power of English kingsWanted to weaken power of English kings Failed against Henry II and Richard the Lion Hearted but Failed against Henry II and Richard the Lion Hearted but

seized Normandy from King Johnseized Normandy from King John Stronger centralized governmentStronger centralized government

Phillips HeirsPhillips Heirs Louis IX ruled from 1226 to 1270Louis IX ruled from 1226 to 1270 Louis was very pious and saintlyLouis was very pious and saintly Established appeal courtsEstablished appeal courts Philip IV ruled from 1285 to 1314 quarrel with pope regarding taxes for Philip IV ruled from 1285 to 1314 quarrel with pope regarding taxes for

priests; included commoners in meetingspriests; included commoners in meetings Church leaders-1Church leaders-1stst Estate; Great Lords 2 Estate; Great Lords 2ndnd Estate; commoners/wealthy Estate; commoners/wealthy

landowners/merchants 3landowners/merchants 3rdrd Estate Estate Estates GeneralEstates General

Beginnings of DemocracyBeginnings of Democracy Common law, court systems, including commonersCommon law, court systems, including commoners