Editorial cartooning

- is a tool used to conveythe News paper’s stand on a certain issue. Its aim is to influence as well as entertain. This series of images can summarize the whole editorial column with its humorous but factual appearance. This is usually used to capture the eyes of the reader and tend their attention to the column itself.

Ex.

An effective editorial cartoon must:

Have a single idea Photo taken from (http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/448051/pocketing-pork-is-treason)

o Ex.

Be entertaining Photo taken from (http://mpq3.blogspot.com/2010/09/jueteng-agenda.html)

o Ex.

Influence the reader

Photo taken from (http://zamoracartoons.blogspot.com/2012_05_01_archive.html)

o Ex.

Be realistic photo taken from (http://zamoracartoons.blogspot.com/)o Ex.

Steps in drawing an editorial cartoon

1. Know and understand the issue at hand2. Visualize the scenario of the issue3. Use symbols that fit the stand of the News paper

Cartoonists use 5 main elements to convey their point of view.

• Symbolism – using an object to represent an idea.

• Caption & labels – used to clarify and emphasize.

• Analogy – a comparison between two different things that have the same characteristics.

• Irony – the difference between a certain event and its result

• Exaggeration – overstating an issue or a physical appearance or habit: big nose, bushy eyebrows, large ears, baldness, etc.

Common Symbols

Dove – used to symbolize peace Salakot – representation of an ordinary Filipino citizen Chain with a heavy ball – slavery, deprived of freedom Grim reaper – imminent death Syringe – cure, medicine, solution Crocodile – abusive personnel Woman wearing blindfold – justice Mask – deceit Eagle or Uncle Sam – America Lock and key – problem and its solution Snail or turtle – slow pace

Tips in making an editorial cartoon

As much as possible limit the use of words it’s a cartoon not a slogan Use symbols that can be easily distinguished so readers won’t have a hard time understanding The details of the drawing is not important it is made to influence not to amaze others Make it simple but make sure the message is still there Illustrate the issue accurately misunderstanding might happen

Things to be avoided

Labels Too much words – as much as possible keep words to a minimum Smorgasbord – don’t make the image too crowded

Activity no. 1

1. Draw an editorial cartoon in regards to the issue “corruption inside the bureau of customs”2. Draw an editorial cartoon about the issue ”Vhong Navarro’s case against Cedric Lee and Deniece

Cornejo”

Activity no. 2

Decipher the meaning of the editorial cartoons

Photojournalism

-there is a difference between “photography” and “photojournalism”. In photography one just simply takes pictures while in photojournalism the person (photojournalist) tells a story through it. In photojournalism the photojournalist uses caption to aid in telling the story behind the picture unlike in editorial cartooning wherein it doesn’t use one.

There are 4 functions of photos in a newspaper

1. Attracting attention – they symbolize the theme of the article. Its main objective is to catch the reader’s attention starting with the caption, on to the title, and finally to the text. A lot of newspaper uses a “lead” picture just as a good story begins with a good “lead” paragraph.

2. Illustrating a point – illustrating a point is the simplest thing a picture can do. It is when you will have an initial idea of what the story is about at your first glance. For example in a newspaper headline you see a “mug shot” of a man it gives you the thought that he is a criminal.

3. Telling a story – there are some photos that by themselves tell a story with only few captions needed

4. As a design tool – photos are used to break the monotony of a newspaper. It is used as a page decoration.

Qualities of a good photo

Prominence – photos of prominent/popular personalities attract the interest of the reader. For example a lot of celebrities and government officials. They are usually seen in newspapers simply because they’re prominent.Action – readers are attracted by action as the saying says “action speaks louder than words.” A plain photo cannot attract the reader’s attention; the photo must be exciting in nature.Human interest –human interest differs for every person. So use a pose or scene that is the interest most of the massesDrama – may be included in the human interest (maybe for some people). It is mostly about tragic happenings and tear-jerking moments.Timeliness – timeliness enhances the value of the picture. A picture dating from 1990’s shouldn’t be used.

Steps on creating a caption for your photo

1. Find the picture of which you will base your caption2. Using the main idea create a sentence that sums up the whole photo

For example if your photo is about a child the caption will be “A child with his mother”3. Add where it was taking place – Ex. “A child with his mother at the crowded streets of Manila”4. Add details – add details regarding the main object in the said photo. Ex “An excited child with

his supportive mother at the crowded streets of Manila”5. The happenings - add some action to make the caption interesting Ex. ”An excited child

strolling down with his supportive mother at the crowded streets of manila to their destination”6. Checking – check for grammatical error/s and fix as many as you could

Tips for an aspiring photojournalist

Know your camera. Photo quality does not depend on the brand of the camera you’re using. Practise is needed

Take more shots for more options and let the editor select what he/she thinks is the best one Be attentive, a chance to shoot an unusual photo might come in your way have a “news sense”

like reporters

Ways on improving a photo

Cropping – it means the removal of some portion of the picture which are not needed. In order for the reader focus on what is important

Retouching – the elimination of undesirable background. This practice emphasizes the center of interest

Bleeding – this is used to improve the makeup of the page. This is done by printing the picture so that it extends across the margin.

Activity

1. Take 2 photos of something interesting around the campus and add a caption on each one2. Take a photo around the block of a scene where you can add the caption “the environment is

yearning for care”

Activity 2

Directions: create a caption based on the picture provided below

1.)

2.)

Editorial Writing

Is a newspaper article that expresses facts and opinion in concise, logical order in order to entertain, influence opinion, or interpret public issues in a way that its importance will be clear for the reader. It is written in an elegant but understandable language. It is usually called the “soul of the newspaper”.

In the editorial section the editorial proper, editorial column, editorial cartoon, and letters to the editor

Structure of an editorial – your editorial must be arranged in three parts;

Introduction – a short paragraph containing the newspeg and reaction o Presenting the issue or problem- in presenting the issue or problem you must include the

5 W’s and H. Research and include facts and quotations which are relevant to the issue/problem.

o State your opinion- you should state whether you agree or disagree to the issue/problem

in hand. Use the facts and quotation you have gathered Body – contains reasons to support your reaction/opinion

o Reasons – add in 3 or more reasons to justify your opinion. Support these reasons by

stating facts and quotes. This must be timely.o Oppositions – be ready for oppositions, think of questions and opposing view point of the

enemy and shut it down Ending – summarizes the editorial’s opinion

o Punch line – give solutions about the issue to the reader.

o Clincher – you can end the editorial by adding a quotation, or leave them hanging with a

rhetorical question

Writing an editorial

1. Topic - The most important part in writing an editorial is the topic you choose your topic must be interesting enough to catch the interest of the readers; it is advisable to choose a topic that is “fresh”. Older information is used as sources to help in proving your case.

2. Opinion – give an opinion on the topic, choose a side whether you are against the topic or not, take note you must take a side the editorial column itself is intended to show your opinion and it is because of that that your opinion must be strong so that the readers will not see your point of view

3. Outline – this helps you, the writer get your opinion and information in order. This may also help you find a problem in your own opinion

4. Creating the article – you, the writer must create a headline that is eye-catching to keep the readers inclined to reading the whole column. Your article must have at least 3 arguments these arguments can easily be countered if you do not back them up with facts and evidences.

5. Conclusion – any article is finished with a conclusion where you sum up most of the things you wrote. It should be clear so the reader can recap the thing written in the whole column itself. Add some solution to the topic if one can be generated.

Types of editorial

1. Editorial of information – it gives additional materials related to the issue, may not be a part of the said issue. The related information follows the ending sentence

BAYANIHAN: FILIPINO CULTURAL HERITAGE

The effectiveness of the “bayanihan” spirit was best shown by groups of students, hundreds of them, as they took to the streets in support of the Metro Manila clean-up and beautification drive.

The students, coming from different schools in Tondo , pooled themselves together, cleaned the streets, and beautified them with potted ornamental plants. This is bayanihan in action.

The bayanihan is an ancient Filipino custom, symbolic of the Filipino way of group work. As found in the Vocabulario de la Lengua Tagala (1745) by P. Juan de Noceda and P. Pedro de Sncluar, the word bayanihan is

derived from the rootword bayani meaning Obra comun or group work.Another related word, magpabayani, is a request for help by one who wants a job done for him, and evokes response

from neighbors who come in groups to offer their services in all forms and their own simple ways. In return, the nagpabayani gets free breakfast, lunch or merienda —-a token of appreciation and gratitudes of the nagpabayani.

2. Editorial of argumentation – supports the question that has not been answered in the minds of the reader. The writer presents a position with a definite attitude in such way that the readers will be influenced to take the same attitude

Example.

SCIENCE NOT CONFLICT WITH RELIGION

Can science be reconciled with religion?

This was the argument discussed in the open forum during the science seminar-workshop held July 18 at the school social hall in

observance of National Science and Technology week.

This statement from the speech of Mr. Ernesto L. Damaso of the National Science Technology association who said that only

truth does not change.

NO REAL CONTRADICTION

There is no contradiction between science and religion when both are property understood; what is needed is a proper knowledge

of religion and a more scholarly interpretation of the bible, the Koran, and other similar books, for there can never be a

contradiction between any truth revealed by God in the holy scriptures and any findings of science, properly tested and verified.

Holy Scriptures of whatever religion are not textbooks of science. Their purpose is all the same-to inculcate moral, spiritual, and

religious truth.

The subject matter of science on the other hand is the physical universe. Its purpose is to discover the law of nature.

Religion and science move in the essentially different orbits. Religion is concerned primarily with spiritual realities with moral

values, with the intangibles which elude both the pills and the test tubes; science with matter and energy which can be seen,

weighed, and measured.

Religion has no fear of science. It does not tremble before discussion but before ignorance. It welcomes with eager hospitality

every new finding. Thus further man goes into outer space, the better vision he has of GOD, and the deeper insight he acquires

into the Divine Administration of the universe.

Scientists are searching for the truth in the field of nature just as the moralists are seeking to clarify the application of ethereal

and eternal truth to the changing social and economic conditions of modern life.

The church welcomes truth wherever it may be found in history, in Biblical researchers, in psychological and natural fields of

human inquiry. It welcomes every wise thought and every useful discovery, whatever its origin.

3. Editorial of persuasion – tries to get the readers support about a certain action or program that is already underway. The writer tells the reader for his support on a certain program to influence the reader.

4. Editorial of criticism – it finds the faults in a situation that affects a wide range of people and tries to suggest a solution to it.

Example

A JUNE 12 THOUGHT: RESPECT FLAG RITES

A flag ceremony, wherever it be a flag raising or a flag retreat is sacred. Therefore, it should be observed with all the solemnity

and sacredness a Filipino citizen can muster.

The National Anthem (Pambansang awit), like the national flag, should be treated with ceremonial respect.

On this anniversary of the declaration of Independent in Kawit in 1898 it is perhaps timely to remind all and to behave during

flag ceremonies.

Sad to say, many students during the Monday morning flag raising ceremonies, instead of standing at attention while singing the

National Anthem, and while reciting the Patriotic Fledge (Panatang Makabayan), move around play and have completely

disregarding what’s going on.

It is for this reasons that we are calling the attention of all teachers, especially the social studies teachers to give more emphasis

on teaching values, love of country, respect for the flag, veneration of heroes, and proper behavior during flag ceremonies

In flag ceremonies cannot be held properly, why then do we hold them at all.

5. Editorial of interpretation – explains the significance of certain news in relation to other issues of the past or future.

A TALE OF HORROR: POPULATION EXPLOSION

Today the Philippines has a population of 80 million. At the present rate of growth, this small country, would only

be most affected by the evil effect of population explosion.

This means that most of our high school students now, who would only be in their early 40′s or 50′s at that time, will

be the ones to be most affected by the evil effect of population explosion.

As of today our basic problems are food, water, housing, education, and pollution. Just imagined how these

problems would be aggravated by the 150 million mouths to feed, backs to clothe, heads to shelter, and minds to

educate.

Also today the world has a population of four billions. These will double in 35 years time. The world population is

increasing at the rate of an additional 2,000 million every eight years.

In six and a half centuries from now, there would be one person standing on every square foot of land on earth. By

that time, men would be no more place for plants to grow.

The only way to avoid this situation would be through population planning. The first consequence can be seen in the

faces of hungry men. One half of humanity is hungry at this moment. There is less food per person on earth today

than there was30 years ago during the worldwide depression.

Political chaos is death through world wars, revolutions, aggressions, rebellions, and the like.

The third and the best remedy is population planning done through family planning. Family planning simply means

the planning of the size and spacing of one’s family by means of scientific knowledge and method.

6. Editorial of appreciation – it praises someone or organization for doing something significant.

Example

WE ARE OUR BROTHERS’ KEEPERS

“And the Lord said unto Cain. Where is Abel your brother? And he said, ‘ I know not. Am I my brother’s keeper?” – Genesis 4:9

This question asked millions of years ago in the Garden of Eden has not lost its meaning.This was the same question students of Osmena High school had sought to answer, and answered, when the biggest

flood in recent years hit Central Luzon.When the appeal for help was aired by the mass media, local student leaders launched a three pronged drive to

solicit relief aid for the flood victims.Majority of the students belong to poor families. Most of them cannot even afford to buy more than a pair of

uniforms for their daily use. But when the appeal for aid was sounded, they lost no time in finding ways and means to help their less fortunate brothers. They knew that they were their brotherss’ keepers.

The hat was literally passed around. In no time, the sum of 20,000 was collected. Aside from this, canned goods, rice, medicine, and old clothes were also collected.

The drive, which started as a spark, soon grew and spread like wildfire: the teachers, alumni, and former members of the editorial staff joined the “Help Our Brothers” bandwagon.

A part of the money was sent to the flood victims through the national dailies. The rest, plus the relief goods, were

personally delivered to them in Central Luzon during the height of the floods by the student leaders.The schools aid may be just like a drop of water in a bucket. But true to what James Lowell said in his poem:

“The Vision of Sir Launfal”

Not what we give, but what we share,

For the gift without the giver is bare,

Who gives himself with his aid feeds three,

Himself, his hungering neighbor and me.

May these students from Osmena High School serve as models for other students to emulate. May their tribe

increase?

7. Editorial of entertainment – it evokes a smile and/or laugh while simultaneously stating the truth

8. Mood editorial – presents a philosophy rather than an argument.

THE CHALLENGE OF 1994

Old year 1993 with knitted brown, limping and hungry, black-eyed by student demonstrations, social unrest, dirty,

politics, criminality, kidnapping, and a revillion has just departed, leaving behind great problems to Youthful 1994.

All around the country are tensions, miseries, and a starvation. Hunger stalks the land, as different kinds of diseases

inflict the people.

The poor and the unfortunate stage the same old story. The power of political struggle and the growing strength of

the NPA and Muslim rebels have crept even into the once peaceful barrios throughout the country, while countless

of millions look up to the sky with hope for order, peace, and sobriety.

Now that the New Year is here, it is the time to take stock of and adjust ourselves to a brighter tomorrow. Let us

stand firmly, for the future depends on how we make it. All that we do is only a matter of trials, struggles, and

sacrifices.

But above all, let us practice peace and love of God and of our fellowmen.

http://journsociety01.wordpress.com/types-of-editorial/

Tips in writing an editorial

Use facts , quotes, and past information related to the topic as evidences to back your argument

Make sure your strongest argument is left for last Use active voice in stating your argument, this can help the readers in reading the entire

newspaper editorial

Activity

1. Write an editorial of argumentation about an existing problem in the school2. Write an Editorial of persuasion about a certain project that needs support

Quiz

Identify what kind of editorial is given below and explain

A continuing threat

More than a year after oral arguments, the Supreme Court has voted to uphold almost all of the controversial Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012. Only four of 19 assailed provisions were declared unconstitutional. This means that this legal sword of Damocles we feel hovering above our heads has been pared down, made smaller—but it remains poised in midair, a continuing threat to the fundamental freedoms of speech and expression.It doesn’t matter, as President Aquino said the day after the ruling came down, that the new law was not meant to curtail these basic freedoms. Intention is one thing; the use of the law to harass, intimidate, or persecute those on the wrong side of the political or legal or popular fence is entirely another.We know this from painful experience; libel in the Philippines remains a criminal offense (unlike in most other countries), and it has been used and continues to be used, not so much to convict journalists, as to impede, or even to influence, their journalism.To be sure, the Court’s decision to strike down some of the onerous provisions was good news. We welcome, for instance, the ruling on the infamous takedown clause, or Section 19, which would have allowed the Department of Justice to “restrict or block access” to databases or websites without need for a court order. Even Solicitor General Francis Jardeleza agreed that the clause, which gave the executive branch a sort of veto on the fundamental right of free speech, was “constitutionally impermissible”; it would have been strange for the Court to preserve a provision that the chief government lawyer himself did not attempt to defend.Jardeleza had also expressed reservations about another controversial provision, saying Section 12, which allows real-time collection of computer traffic data, should be amended to specify the need for prior court authorization. In the wake of the Edward Snowden revelations, however, the possibility of grave abuse of real-time data collection by a sprawling or unscrupulous government has loomed large over this provision.  The Court’s finding of Section 12 as unconstitutional is thus doubly welcome.But the law’s hurriedly inserted provision on online libel has been preserved. On Sept. 20, 2012, in a front-page editorial, we had noted thus: The Cybercrime Law “takes the dangerously outmoded provisions on libel in the Revised Penal Code—and dumps them online.”To be sure, the Court has now limited the scope of the dumping. According to Court spokesperson Ted Te, the justices ruled that online libel was “not unconstitutional with respect to the original author of the post but unconstitutional only when it penalizes those who simply receive the post or react to it.” In other words, only the original story or post carries a legal liability.

This is, again, a welcome step. Our Sept. 20 editorial, “A blow against free speech” (the first of many editorials we have written on the Cybercrime Law), we posed four hypothetical questions; the first three were illustrations of the social-media dilemma many Filipinos faced under the new law: Would forwarding a possibly libelous article by e-mail, or tweeting the link to someone else’s offensive video, or “liking” a problematic post on Facebook, be considered online libel, too? We are pleased that the Court has categorically said no to all of the above.But the Court has not only upheld the extension of libel laws to the online space; it has also upheld the new law’s raising of the penalty by one degree. This sets the campaign for the decriminalization of libel at least two steps back.In that first editorial, we attempted to pinpoint those who we thought were ultimately responsible for the Cybercrime Law: “The burden of responsibility—and it is a heavy one, with historical consequences—remains with the legislators who voted for the new law, and with the President who enacted it.” To that cautionary list, and while mindful of the mitigating aspects of the ruling that came down the other day, we can add the justices of the Supreme Court.

Project in eng

Francis john engracio c abiad

4 newton