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Countries: FranceEmpireEngland Aragon

Fief

Battles Crusades

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Site dealing with early coat of arms from their onset to the end of the crusades.(if no menu appears on left-hand side, please click here)

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Seals Early heraldic sealsTrickyarms Richard Coeur-de-Lion , Trencavel

Galleries Gallery #1 , Gallery #2 , Gallery #3 , Gallery #4 , Gallery #5 , Gallery #6 ,Gallery #7 , Gallery #8 , Gallery #9 PL 2001- 2010

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HomepageSources


Fief

Battles Crusades

Names

Pedigrees

Armory

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AccueilSources

Pays: FranceEmpireAngleterreAragon

Fief

BataillesCroisades

Noms

Gnalogies

Armorial

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earlyBlazon Franais



Seals Early heraldic sealsTricky arms Richard Coeur-de-Lion , Trencavel

Galleries Gallery #1 , Gallery #2 , Gallery #3 , Gallery #4 , Gallery #5 , Gallery #6 , Gallery #7 , Gallery #8 ,Gallery #9 PL 2001- 2010

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earlyBlazon.com Sources

Rolls on line - Armoriaux en ligne http://www.briantimms.net

H: Falkirk RollK: Caerlaverock PoemB: Glover's RollST: Stirling RollD: Camden RollC: Walford's RollGA: Galloway RollLM: Lord Marshal's RollF: Charles' RollQ: Collins' RollE: St. George's RollA: Dering RollHE: Heralds' RollBA: BigotCP: Chifflet-PrinetWN / Wijn: WijnbergenHrault Vermandois

http://www.heraldique-europeenne.org BigotCaerlaverockFalkirkGloverLalaingStirlingGelreChlons-en-ChampagneSaint-EspritOrdre de la Toison d'or / Order of the Golden FleeceOrdre de la Jarretire / Order of the GarterOrdre du CroissantChevaliers de l'Annonciade

Zurich : ladyivanor.knownworldweb.com - www.vikinganswerlady.com/ZurichRoll/ "Armorial Gnral" - J.B.Rietstap - www.euraldic.com Salle des croisades de Versailles - www.euraldic.com Codex Manesse - www.tempora-nostra.de - http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de Armorial Le Breton / Montjoie-Chandon - www.culture.gouv.fr Wapenboeck, Armorial Gelre, Hraut d'armes - Victor Button - volume 1, volume 2, volume 3 - @www.gallica2.fr enamel / mail : www.culture.gouv.fr/emolimo/armoires.htm

Websites - Sites internet

Institutions

http://www.europeana.eu/portal/ multi Europeana : cultural collections of Europe Europeana : patrimoine culturel de

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langages l'Europehttp://gallica.bnf.fr multi

langagesNational Library of France. Bibliothque Nationale de France.

http://liberfloridus.cines.fr/textes/cines.html Medieval illuminated manuscripts Enliminures et manuscrits mdivauxhttp://www.kb.nl/manuscripts/ multi

langagesMedieval illuminated manuscripts from theNational Library of the Netherlands

Enliminures et manuscrits mdivauxde la bibliothque des Pays Bas

Tabularia multilangages

Written sources of medieval Normandy.Relevant link page.

Sources crites de la NormandieMdivale. Page de liens pertinente.

http://www.archives.mairie-toulouse.fr Archives - Toulouse Archives - Toulouse

Education - Universities / Education - Universits

http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook.html Medieval sources Sources mdivaleshttp://www.yorku.ca/inpar/ On-line medieval sources Sources mdivales on-linehttp://elec.enc.sorbonne.fr On-line documents and cartularies -

Sorbonne Editions en ligne de l'Ecole des Chartes -

Sorbonne.

Private sites / Sites privs

http://www.heraldica.org . Heraldry. . Hraldique.

http://www.heraldique-europeenne.org

European heraldry. Hraldique europenne.

http://english.mediaevum.de/ Medieval studies on the internet. Etudes mdivales sur intenet.

http://www.labanquedublason.com/ A showcase of French coat of arms throughoutthe world

Une vitrine des armoiries de France sur leMonde entier.

http://arnaud.aurejac.free.fr Genealogy. Invaluable source. Gnalogie. Source inestimable.http://genealogy.euweb.cz European dynasties. Dynasties europennes.Socit de l'Oriflamme Cathar History - European medieval warfare. Histoire des Cathares - Guerre mdivale

europenne.http://www.deremilitari.org/ The Society for Medieval Military History. Histoire militaire mdivale.http://home.scarlet.be/~mirepoix/ Documentation about Cathar history. Documentation sur l'histoire des Cathares.http://www.francegenweb.org On-line armorials / genealogy Armoriaux en ligne / gnalogiehttp://releves.hd.free.fr Cassini map of France. Carte de France de Cassini.

Books - Livres

Heraldry - Hraldique

"Trait d'hraldique" - Michel Pastoureau"Heraldry" - Ottfried Neubecker"Manuel du blason" - D.L Galbreath, Lon Jquier"Complete guide to heraldry" - A.C. Fox-Davies"The handbook to English heraldry" - Charles Boutell - www.gutenberg.org

Essays / studies - Essais / tudes

"Contribution l'origine des armoiries: l'cusson en abme & ses brisures dans le nord de la France aumoyen-ge" - Pierre Feuchre

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"Miscellanea Heradica II - Etudes Hraldiques" - Louis Bouly de Lesdain, Editions du Lopard d'orLa cassette de Saint-Louis - in Cahier Hraldique IV p128."Armoiries de quelques croiss sous Saint Louis" - Le Briquet, Ren et Maguy Aquilina"Les chevaliers Teutoniques" - Le Briquet, Ren et Maguy Aquilina

Armorials - Armoriaux

"Armorial Bellenville" - Lon Jquier (Editions du Lopard d'or)"Some feudal coat of arms" - Joseph Foster"Grand armorial de France" - Jougla de Morena"Armorial gnral" - d'Hozier"Armorial Universel" - Jouffroy d'Eschavannes"Les salles des croisades du chteau de Versailles" - C.Constans & P.Lamarque"Notice sur les salles des croisades au muse de Versailles" - Le Cte de Belley de Blancmesnil"Rle d'armes Bigot" - 1254 - publi par le Colonel Robert Nussardin - Studies in Heraldry - www.heraldique-europeenne.org "L'armorial Wijnbergen" - Paul Adam-Even & Lon Jquier (Archives Hraldiques Suisses) - Wijnbergen

"Rolls of Arms - Henry III - Aspilogia II" - London & Tremlett / Sir Anthony WagnerMP / Mat. Paris: The Matthew Paris ShieldsB: Glover's RollC: Walford's Roll

"The Rolls of Arms of Edward I - Aspilogia III" - Gerard J. Brault (2 volumes)HE: Heralds' RollA: Dering RollD: Camden RollE: St. George's RollF: Charles' RollFII: Additions to Charles' RollG: Segar's RollLM: Lord Marshal's RollQ: Collins' RollH: Falkirk RollJ: Guillim's RollK: Caerlaverock PoemGA: Galloway RollSP: Smallpece's RollST: Stirling RollM: Nativity RollFF: Fife RollWNR: Sir William le Neve's Roll

Caerlaverock Poem - PDF Google BookHerldica Catalana des de l'any 1150 al 1550 - Mart de Riquer (2 volumes)

Armorial de SalamancaArmorial de Steve Tamborino / Armorial de TolosaArmorial de Bernat MestreArmorial de Llupi

"L'hraldique espagnole et catalane la fin du moyen-ge" - Michel Popoff"Anglo-Norman Armory" - Cecil R.Humphery-Smith (2 volumes)

FW: Fitzwilliam's Roll / Heralds' Roll Fitzwilliam versionOrdinary :

A: DeringB Glover'sC: Walford'sCK Cooke's bookD: CamdenE: St George's

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EG: Everard GreenF: CharlesFF: FifeFW: FitzwilliamG: Segar'sGA: GallowayH: FalkirkHE: Heralds'J: Guillim'sK: Caerlaverock PoemL: First DunstableLM: The Lord Marshal'sM: NativityN: ParliamentaryQ: Collin'sSP: Smallpece'sST: StirlingWN: Sir William Le Neve's

"Armorial de Gilles le Bouvier" - Editions du Lopard d'or"Armorial Le Breton" - Somogy editions d'Art - www.culture.gouv.fr "Armorial 128 E 20" The Hague - http://www.kb.nl/manuscripts"Manuscrit 131 G 37" The Hague - http://www.kb.nl/manuscripts

Nobility / Middle Ages - Noblesse / Moyen-age

"The Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom" - GeorgeEdward Cokayne (14 volumes)"Nouveau dictionnaire des biographies" - Labarre et Rallicourt"Dictionnaire de la noblesse" - Franois Aubert de la Chesnaye-Desbois et Badier"La noblesse de France aux croisades" - Paul Roger"Provinces, pays and seigneuries of France" - Abbott"Anales de la Corona de Aragn"- Jeronim Zurita - www.dpz.es "The Flemish Nobility before 1300" - Ernest Warlop (4 volumes)

Seals - Sceaux

"Sigillografia Catalana" - F de Sagarra"Sceaux armoris des Pays-Bas et des pays avoisinants" - Jean-Thodore de Raadt in http://gallica.bnf.fr :Volume 1 , Volume 2 , Volume 3 , Volume 4"Sceaux de la collection Clairembault" - G. Demay"Sceaux de la collection Artois et Picardie" - G. Demay"Inventaire des sceaux de la Normandie" - G. Demay"Inventaire des sceaux de la Flandre" - G. Demay"Inventaire de la collection de sceaux" - Dout d'Arcq"Inventaire des sceaux de la Champagne" - Auguste Coulon"Collection Supplment - (St)" - Archives Nationales de France"Sphragistique Roussillonaise. Iconographie des sceaux" - E. de Fouchier"Seigneur et seigneuries au Moyen-ge" - Actes du 117me Congrs national des Socits Savantes"Les sceaux des princes territoriaux Belges du Xme sicle 1482" - Bruxelles 1993 (2 volumes)"Catalogue of seals in the public record office" - Roger H. Ellis (3 volumes)"Sigillographie du Poitou jusqu'en 1515 " - Franois EygunSceau de la collection de Bourgogne - Archim - http://www.culture.gouv.fr -consultation" Sceaux des Bouches-du-Rhne" - L. Blancard"Archives dpartementales de Moselle - catalogue des sceaux" - G.Cahen et J.Colnat, Metz 1981"Catalogue des sceaux des archives dpartementales de Meurthe-et-Moselle", Nancy, 1983 - E. Des Robert"Les sceaux du Ponthieu" - Marquis de Belleval

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"Catalogue of seals in the department of manuscripts in the British musueum" - Walter de Gray Birch (6volumes)"Archives dpartementales de l'Aube" - http://www.archives-aube.com/index_archives.htm (Clairvaux)Champagne: http://www.1egal2.com/sceaux/accueil.php"Sceaux et usages de sceaux - Images de la Champagne mdivale" - Jean-Luc Chassel"Nobilaire et armorial du comt de Montfort-l'Amaury" - Adrien Maquet , Adolphe de Dion"Sceaux Gascons du Moyen-Age" - Commission des Archives Historiques"Mmoire pour servir de preuves l'Histoire de Bretagne" - Dom Morice - http://www.chd.univ-rennes1.fr"Numismatique gnrale de l'Armnie" - Victor Langlois"Description des sceaux des familles seigneuriales du Dauphin" - Joseph Roman"Le costume au moyen-age d'aprs les sceaux" - G. Demay - wiki

Crusade history - Histoires des croisades"Corpus Inscriptionum Crucesignatorum Terrae Sanctae" - www.christusrex.org/www2/cruce5/

"L'estoire d'Eracles"- Continuation de Guillaume de Tyr -www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/GuillaumeTyr4.htm

3th crusade - 3me croisade

"Estoire de la guerre sainte"- Ambroise "Itenerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi" - www.yorku.ca/inpar 664 K .pdf


"Istoire de ceus qui conquisent Constantinople" - Robert de Clari -http://users.skynet.be/antoine.mechelynck

"La croisade de Constantinople"- Geoffroy de Villehardouin- http://users.skynet.be/antoine.mechelynck


"Livre des saintes paroles et des bons faiz nostre roy saint Looys "- Jean de Joinville-http://users.skynet.be/antoine.mechelynck

http://www.ordotempli.org

Cathar History - Histoire des cathares

Sources and reference books - Sources et livres de rfrence

"L'pope cathare" - Michel Roquebert ditions Perrin-Privat (6 vol) "Canso de la crozada" - Guilhelms de Tudela / "La chanson de la croisade albigeoise" - Guillaume de

Tudle"Hystoria Albigensis" - Petri Vallium Sarnaii / "Histoire albigeoise" - Pierre des Vaux de Cernay"Chronica" - Guillelmi de Podio Laurentii / "Chronique" - Guillaume de Puylaurens "Cronica del rey en Jacme"/ "Llibre dels feits" - Jaume I de Aragon - www.yorku.ca/inpar 916 K .pdf

"Histoire gnrale de Languedoc" - Dom Vaisste

Complementary books - livres complmentaires

"La croisade contre les Albigeois" - Pierre Belperron"Cartulaire et archives des communes de l'ancien diocse de l'arrondissement administratif de Carcassonne" -

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M.Mahul (6 vol)"Olivier de Termes, le cathare et le crois" - Gauthier Langlois (ditions Privat)"Les cathares, chronologie 1022 1321" - Maurice Griffe"La bataille de Muret" - Joseph Anglade (ditions Privat)

"A History of the Art of War in the Middle Ages" volume 1: 378-1278 AD- Sir Charles OMAN

Bouvines

"Le dimanche de Bouvines" - Georges Duby"Philippe Auguste et Bouvines" - Antoine Hadengue"The Government of Philip Augustus" / "Philippe Auguste" - John W. Baldwin"De Krijgskunst in West Europa in de Middleeuwen" / "Art of warfare" - JF Verbruggen

http://franceblasons.free.fr/bouvine1.htm http://bataille.bouvines.free.fr

Documents / download / tlcharger

"Norman Honors" according to Sir Maurice Powicke (kindly provided by Mark Benton) - 135 K.pdf "Norman Lords" by Mark Benton - 55 K.pdf "Barons prior to Hattin, 1187 " by Mark Benton - 12 K .pdf "Imperial army, 3rd crusade" by Mark Benton - 15 K .pdf "King Richard's fleet, 1190-1191 " by Mark Benton - 34 K .pdf

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clickable map / carte cliquable ..

Fiefs

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clickable map / carte cliquable

France~1200

Officers /Officiers

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Empire~ 1200

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Angevinterritories

Territoiresangevins

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Aragon~1200


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earlyBlazon.com Battles / Batailles

Dates

Evesham 1265 Lewes 1264 Quribus 1255 Mansra 1250 Montsgur 1244 Carcassonne 1240 Majorca 1229 Avignon 1226 Toulouse 1219 Marmande 1219 Bazige Toulouse 1217-1218 Sandwich 1217 Lincoln 1217 England 1216-1217 Beaucaire 1216 Magna Carta 1215 Bouvines 1214 Steppes 1213 Muret 1213 Las Navas de Tolosa 1212 Castelnaudary 1211 Toulouse 1211 Lavaur 1211 Termes 1210Carcassonne 1209 Bziers 1209 Quercy 1209 Arsouf / Arsuf / Arsur 1191Hattin 1187 Lagny 1180-1181

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earlyBlazon.com Crusades

Crusades Dates

9th Crusade 1271-1272 8th Crusade 1270 7th Crusade 1248-1254Crusade 1239 1239-1241 6th crusade 1228-1229 5th Crusade 1217-1221 Albigensian crusade 1209-1244 4th Crusade 1198-1205 3rd Crusade 1188-1195 2nd Crusade 1145-1188 1st Crusade 1096-1145

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earlyBlazon.com Index nominum

A Acre (Brienne) Adhmar (Montlimar) Adhmar (La Garde) Agoult Aix / Die Alenon (Montgomery)

Alenon (Capet - France) Alagon Albret Alfaro Alsace (Lorraine) Alsace (Flandre) Altena Amiens Amprias Anduze (Sauve) Angleterre (Plantagent) Angre (Flandre) Anjou (Plantagent)

Anjou (Capet) Antioche Apremont / Aspremont Arcis Aragon Aragon (Roussillon) Armagnac Artois (Capet) Arundel Arzillires Ascania / Ascanie (Saxe, Saxony, Sachsen) Aspremont / Apremont Astarac Atorella Aubign / d'Aubeney / Daubeney (Ingleby) Aubign / d'Aubeney / Daubeney (les anglo-normandes) Aubigny (Belvoir) Aubigny (Arundel) Aubusson Audenarde Autriche / Austria (Babenberg) Auvergne (Comt)

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Auvergne (Dauphin) Auxy Avaugour Avesnes (Hainault) Avesnes (Blois)B Babenberg Baden (Zhringen) Balliol / Baliol (Ecosse / Scotland) Bailleul / Baillol (Ponthieu) la Baliste / la Balista Bar (le duc) Bar (sur Seine) Barbaira Bardolf Barres Basset (Drayton) Basset (Headington) Basset (Wycombe) Bavire / Bavaria / Bayern (Wittelsbach) Baux Baux (Orange) Barn (Moncade) Beauchamp Beaujeu Beaujeu (Montpensier / Montferrand) Beaujeu (Herment) Beaugency Beaumetz Beaumont (Maine) Beaumont (en Gtinais) Beaumont (sur Oise) Beaumont (le Roger) / Breteuil / FitzPernel Beauvoir (Hainault) Bergerac (Rudel / Rudelle) Beynac Bec Crespin Bthune Bthune (Aumale) Bziers Bigod (Norfolk) Bigod (Justiciar) Bigorre Blmur Blaison Blois

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le Blound / Blount / Blund Blundeville Bohun Boucly (Pronne) Bourbon (Dampierre) Bourgogne / Burgundy (duch) Bourgogne (comt) Boutellier (Senlis) Boves Brabant Braine (Dreux, Mcon)

Braine (Dreux, Machecoul)

Breteuil / Beaumont (le Roger) / FitzPernel

Brienne Brienne (Ramerupt) Brienne (Acre, Jrusalem) Brienne (Eu) Bruce / Brus Bruniquel (Toulouse) Brunswick Burgh / BourgC Cabren (Serralongue) Camville Capet (France) Cardaillac Cardona Carinthie / Carantania Castelbisbal Castelbon Castille / Castile Cavaillon Cayeux Cervera Chambly Champagne Champlite Chantilly Chalon Chteaudun Chtellerault Chtillon Chtillon (Saint-Pol) Chauvigny Chypre / Cyprus (Lusignan)

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Clare (Hertford) Clare (Gloucester) Clement (du Mez, d'Argentan) Clermont (en Beauvaisis) Clves / Kleve Comborn Comyn Comminges (Bigorre) Comminges Conflans (Brienne) Corbeil Cornel Cornwall / Cornouaille (Plantagent) Coucy (Sire de) Coucy (Chtelain de) Courtenay Courtenay (Constantinople) Courtenay (Namur) Cousances Craon (Anjou) Craon (Lincoln) Cressy Creixell Cressonsart CroisillesD Dammartin (Boulogne) Dampierre (Flandres) Derby (Ferrires) le Despenser Devon (Reviers) Daz de los Cameros Die / Aix Donges Donzy Dortmund Dreux

Dreux (Bretagne)

Dreux (Braine, Mcon)

Dreux (Braine, Machecoul) Durban DurfortE Ecosse Enghien

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England (Plantagent) Estouteville Estres (Sores) Estreungt / Etroeungt (Hainaut) Estreungt / Etroeungt (Constantinople) Eu (Issoudun /Lusignan) Exoudun (Lusignan) F Fenolhet / Fenouillet Ferrires / Ferrers (Derby) Fiennes FitzJohn / FitzRoy / Douvre / de Warenne FitzJohn (Shere) FitzPernel / Breteuil / Beaumont (le Roger) FitzRobert FitzWalter FitzWalter (Steward of Scotland) FitzWarin Flandre (Alsace) Flandre (Hainaut) Flandre (Namur) Foix Fontaines Forcalquier Forez Forez (Nevers) Fortz France (Capet) Frteval (Meslay)G Galloway (FitzRoland) Gant Garlande Gaucelm (Lunel) Gavre / Gaure / Gavere Genve / Geneva Ghistelles Giffard Glanville Gontaut Gourdon Grandpr Grave Gueldre GuinesH

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Hainaut (Flandre) Hainaut (Namur) Ham Hamelincourt Hangest Harcourt Harnes Haro Hastings Hautpoul Hohenstaufen Hollande / Holland Horta Hunaud de Lanta Huntingdon Huntingfield Hurepel (Capet)I Ibelin l'Isle l'Isle-Adam l'Isle-Jourdain Ivry (Louvel)J Jrusalem (Brienne) Joigny JoinvilleL Lachau / La Calm Lacy (Chester)

Lacy (Lincoln) Lacy (Ulster) Lamothe Hunaud de Lanta Lancaster / Lancastre Lanvallei La Redorte La Roche Laurac Lemps / Laens Lvis Lon Lige (Pierrepont) Limbourg / Limburg Limbourg (Luxembourg) Lomagne

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Longchamps Longespe Loos / Looz / Loon Lorraine (Alsace) Louvain Louvel (Ivry) Lubersac Lucy Luesia Luna Lunel (Gaucelm) Lusignan (Marche) Lusignan (Cyprus / Chypre / Jrusalem) M Machecoul (Dreux, Braine)

Macon (Dreux, Braine) Madaillan Malaunoy Maldeghem / Maulenghien / Malenghin Malet (Graville) Malet (Angleterre - England) Mandeville La Marche (Lusignan) Marchal / Marshal Mareys / Marisco Marly Mataplana Mauduit Maulon Mauvoisin Mauvoisin (Seigneurs de St-Andr) Mayenne Mello Melun Merry / Mry (Constantinople) Meslay (Frteval) Meulan (Beaumont) Mvouillon Miraumont Moncade Moncade (Barn) Mondragon / Montauban Montbegon Montbray Montlimar (Adhmar) Montesquiou

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Montferrat Montfichet Montfort (sur Risle) Warwickshire Montfort (Evreux)

Montfort (Montfort-l'Amaury)

Montfort (Tyr - Palestine)

Montfort (Leicester)

Montgomery (Alenon)

Montmorency

Montmorency Laval Montoire (Vendme) Montpellier Mortimer MunchensyN Namur Nanteuil Narbonne (Lara) Narbonne (Pelet) Navarre Neauphle / Neaufle Nemours (Villebon) Nesle (Soissons) Neuville Neville Niort Noailles NoyersO Oettingen Orange (Baux) Orlans sterreich (Babenberg)P Pathernay (l'Archevque) Passenheim Past / Pt Perche Perche (Philadelphie) Percy Prigord (Talleyrand) Peyrepertuse Picquigny Pierrepont Pierrepont (Lige)

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Poissy Poitiers (Plantagenets)

Poitiers (Capet) Poitiers (Valentinois) Poix Pontchteau Ponthieu Porcellet Portugal (Flandre) Praet Praux Preuilly Preuilly (Vendme) Pressigny Provence PuylaurensQ Quivrain Quincy / QuencyR Rada Ramerupt (Brienne) Rancon Randerode Reviers (Devon) Riboul Richebourg Rocaberti des Roches la Roche Rochechouart Rochefort (Waulcourt) Rodez Roeulx Rohan Romu Ros / Roos Ros (Belvoir) Roquefeuil (Anduze) Roquefort Roucy Rouvray Roye Rudel / Rudelle (Bergerac)S Sabl

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Saint-Denis Saint-Mard Saint-Omer Saint-Pol Saint-Simon Saint-Valry Saissac Salisbury Sancerre (Blois) Savoie / Savoy Saxe / Saxony / Sachsen (Ascania) Say Schwaben / Swabia / Souabe Scotland Segrave Seward / Suard Senlis Sergines Serralongue (Cabren) Soissons (Nesle) Somery Sores (Estres) Steward of Scotland (fitz Walter) Styria (Babenberg)T Taisson / Tesson Talleyrand (Prigord) Tarragona Tateshal Tecklembourg / Tecklenburg Termes Thouars Thuringe / Thuringia Thury Thil-Chtel Tilly Toucy (Constantinople) Toucy (Tripoli) Toulouse Toulouse (Bruniquel) Tournebu / Tornebu Tosni / Toeni / Tony Trencavel Turenne Turnham Trazegnies

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Trie (Dammartin) Tristan Trith (Hainaut) Trith (Constantinople) la Truie Trubleville / Turberville TyrrelU UrgelV Valence Vallery / Valry Vaudemont Vnizy (Brienne) Vendme (Preuilly) Ventadour Verdun (Normandie) Verdun (Alton, Staffordshire) Verdun (Meath, Ireland) Vere Vergy Vermandois Vernon Vescy Villalobos Villamayor Ville Villebon Villebon (Nemours) Villehardouin Villehardouin (More) Villeneuve Vipont / Viepont / Vieuxpont Visme / Vismes Vitr VoisinsW Warenne Warwick Wassemberg Waulcourt (Rochefort) Wavrin / Waurin Wittelsbach (Bavire / Bavaria / Bayern)Z Zhringen (Baden) la Zouche

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earlyBlazon.com PedigreesGnalogies

Vermandois Bourgogne Vere / Mandeville Clare Toulouse / ProvenceTripoli

Flandres Lusignan

France / Capet Brienne Montmorency Montfort Plantagent Bthune Adhmar

Boves - Coucy Clermont Blois - Champagne Courtenay

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Lion rampant Lion passant Eagle / Aigle Bird / Oiseau Fish / Poisson Shell / Coquille Beast / Bte

Fleur de Lys Flower / Fleur Garb / Gerbe Inanimate object /Objets inanim

Star / Astre Crosse / Croix Rondels /Tourteaux

Partition Bordure

Quarterly / Ecartel Plain Chief / Chef Fretty / Frett Fusil & macles

Lozengy / Losang Chequy / Echiquet Bend / Bande Chevron Fess / Fasce Pale / Pal Gironny / Gironn

Escutcheon / Ecusson HermineBanners / Bannires

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Contact

How to contact me

Please feel free to make any comment to improve this site or correct any mistakes you have pinpointed. Any remarks to correct my English or just to say hello are also welcome. But please do not ask me to find yourfamily's coat of arms because I won't have any clue.

You may contact me direct through e-mail. Due to spams, I had to change the address.

: new address: former address, no longer valid

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AccueilSources

Pays: FranceEmpireAngleterreAragon

Fief

BataillesCroisades

Noms

Gnalogies

Armorial

Me contacter

earlyBlazon English

Site traitant des premires armoiries de leurs origines jusqu' la fin des croisades.(si aucun menu n'apparat gauche, prire de cliquer ici)

Nouveauts Quoi de neuf ?A propos dusite Nombre de visiteurs etc....

Sceaux Sceaux hraldiques anciensArmoiriesparticulires Richard Coeur-de-Lion , Trencavel

Galleries Gallerie n1 , Gallerie n2 , Gallerie n3 , Gallerie n4 , Gallerie n5 ,Gallerie n6 , Gallery n7 , Gallery n8 , Gallery n9 PL 2001- 2010

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HomepageSources


Fief

Battles Crusades

Names

Pedigrees

Armory

Contact me

earlyBlazon Franais



Seals Early heraldic sealsTrickyarms Richard Coeur-de-Lion , Trencavel

Galleries Gallery #1 , Gallery #2 , Gallery #3 , Gallery #4 , Gallery #5 , Gallery #6 ,Gallery #7 , Gallery #8 , Gallery #9 PL 2001- 2010

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Latest updates Dernires mises jour

Roye , Dampierre

AprilAvril2009

la Zouche , Basset (Wycombe), Mortimer ,Visme(s)English FiefsBattle of Evesham in 1265SancerrePedigree: complete revamp of Blois /Champagne , Clermont

la Zouche , Basset (Wycombe), Mortimer ,Visme(s)Fiefs anglaisBataille d'Evesham en 1265SancerreGnalogie: Blois / Champagne , Clermont

JulyJuillet2008

Comyn , Balliol , Bruce , Segrave , Hastings ,le Despenser , Basset (Drayton) , Giffard , leBlound , Munchensy , FitzJohn , FitzWarin ,Bardolf , Tateshal , SomeryBattle of Lewes in 1264NottinghamPedigree: Lusignan

Comyn , Balliol , Bruce , Segrave , Hastings ,le Despenser , Basset (Drayton) , Giffard , leBlound , Munchensy , FitzJohn , FitzWarin ,Bardolf , Tateshal , SomeryBataille de Lewes en 1264NottinghamGnalogie: Lusignan

For their contribution many thanks to Pour leur contribution, merci :Brian Timms, Eric Berro, Mark Benton, Patrick Mauffrey, Augie, Jon Sneddon , Fernando Torre, Ivan Coutu,Dario de Judicibus, Jean-Luc Jacques, Douglas Richardson, Elzevir Didot, Alain de Madaillan, AndreasBrueggemann, BV, Andrea Terzolo

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About this site

Site figures

Statistic page.

Glossary

For those not familiar with names or words used., a glossary has been prepared.

Language

Names are in modern English, French, or German. This also applies for cities. We have named people with theirnumber. In other words, we have called people as they are most commonly known today regardless of what theircontemporaries called them. All this is not perfectly historical but it is more convenient for genealogical point ofview and for search engines.

Latin Occitan Champagne Picardy Picardy Norman /Anglo-Norman

/ Picardiy

Norman / Anglo-Norman

French English

source: Canso sources:- Joinville-Villehardouin- Mnestrel deReims

source:PhilippeMousket

source:Robert deClari

source:Ambroise

source:- Histoire de G.leMarchal- Song of Dermot

Bernardus Bernatz Bernart Biernars,Biernart

Bernard Bernard Bernard Bernard

Eustachius Estaci Huitace(s) Estases,Estasses

Wistasses,Eustache

Estace Eustache Eustace

Walterus Gautier(s), Galters Gautier(s) Watiers Gautier Waltier, WatierGatier, Galtier,Gautier

Gautier Walter

Guido Gui(s) Gui, Guion Gui(s),Guion

Guis,Guion

Gui, Guion,Guiot

Gui Guy Guy

GuillelmusWillelmus

Guilhelms,Guilhelmes,Guilheumes,Guilelmes

Guillaume(s),Guilliaume(s)

Guillaume(s) Willames,Willerames

Guillame,Willame,Gillame

Willaume,Williaumes,Willalme, WillameWillieimes ,Willemes, Willielme,Willeme, Willeimes

Guillaume William

Henricus Enrics Henri(s) Henri(s) Henri(s) Henri(s,z) Henri HenryHugo Ug(s), Uc(s),

Ugues, UgosHue(s),Hugue(s), Huon

Hue(s),Huon Hues Hue, Huge Hue, Huge Hugues Hugh

Iacobus,Jacobus

Jaques Jaque(s) Jakes Jakes, Jackes Jake Jacques JamesJake

Iohannes,Johannes

Joan(s), Johan(s) Jehan(s) Jehan(s) Jehan(s) Johan Johan(s) JeanYohan

John

Ludovicus Lozos, Lozoc Loos, Los,Loys, Loeys,

Loes Loois Loes, Lois LouisLudovic

Lewis

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Loeis, Loues

Mattheus Mahi Mahiu(s) Mahieus Maher Maheu(s) Mathieu MatthewPetrus Peire, Peyre Pierre(s), Pere,

PerronPieres Pierre(s) Piere(s) Pieres, Pierres Pierre Peter

Piers

Philippus Felip Phelippe,Phelipes

Fellipes Philippe(s) Felippe,Fellippe, Fellipe

Phelipes, Phelippes Philippe Philip

Raimundus,Raymundus

Ramon(s) Remon Reimont,Raemont

Reymond, Reymund Raimond /Raymond

Raymond

Ricardus Richart, Ricartz Richart Richard, Richart,Ricard

Ricard Richard Richard

RotbertusRobertus

Roberts, Robertz Robert Robiers Robers,Robert

Robert Robert Robert Robert

RotgeriusRogerus

Rogers, Rotgiers Roger, Rogier Rogier Rogier Roger Roger

Symon Simo(s), Symos Symon(s), Simon Simons Simons Simon SimonStephanus Estienne Estienne,

Estiene,Estiefnes

Estiemble, Estenne,Estevene, Estiene,Estienble, Estevne,Estephene

EtienneStphane

Stephen

How to prepare an armory

Few XIIIth century heraldry related documents exist. As far as I know, earliest known armorials and heraldic rollswere produced after the albigensian crusade and discribe more northen provinces like Flander rather than southernFrance. We lack especially information about defeated and spoiled knights. Even the coats of arms of the "winners" mighthave disappeared if they left no descendants able to inherit. Some people changed their coat of arms during theirlifetime, as Richard Lionheart did. In addition, the spelling of names, towns and landmarks was not the constant in all different languages (Latin, oldFrench, Occitan...) and sometimes a name was even not unique, which could lead to the mix up of one person withanother (for example Blanquefort, Blanchefort, Blanquafort...). To overcome these problems we need to cross as many references as possible from different sources... andsometimes to make assumptions.

About me

The interest of this section is quite limited but for those who nevertheless wish to know more about me, a page hasbeen prepared.

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Raymond VI de Toulouse + S' RAIMUNDI DUCIS NARBONE COMITIS TOLOSE MARCHIONIS PROVINCIE

Image in: "La bataille de Muret" - J.Anglade

Raymond-Roger Trencavel + : S: COMUNE : CIVIUM: BITERRENSIUM :

Source : Htel de ville de Bziers

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Philippe d'Alsace, comte de Flandre , 1188+ SIGILLUM philippi comitis flanDRIE

Sources : Archives Dpartementales Haute-Marne, cote 1H12/7"Sceaux de champagne" - A. Coulon - C70

Richard Coeur-de-Lion , 1169-1189 + SIGILLUM : RICHARDI : DUCIS : AQUITANIE : COMITIS : PICTAVENSIS

Image in: "Donjons Romans des pays d'ouest" - Andr Chatelain

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Richard Coeur-de-Lion , 1189+ RICArdus dux normannorum ET AQUITANORUM ET COMES ANDEGAvorum

Images in: "Heraldry"- O.Neubecker & "La chevalerie et les chevaliers brigands"- T.Ribaldone

Richard Coeur-de-Lion , 1198 + RICARDUS DUX NORMANNORUM ET AQUITANNORUM ET COMES ANDEGAVORUM

Image in: "A History of the Art of War in the Middle Ages" - Sir Charles Oman

Sanche VII de Navarre , 1214+ : BENEDICTUS : DOMINUS : DEus : meus :

Source: "Apuntes de Sigilografa Espaola" - Faustino Menndez Pidal de Navascus

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Guillem de Cervera , 1220Source: Sagarra No 2151 in "Herldica Catalana" - Mart de Riquer

Simon de Neauphle ,1206 : SIGILLUM SIMONIS DE ....

Source : Archives Dpartementales des Yvelines, cote 45H30-24 www.cg78.fr

Roger de Foix , 1241+ SIGILLUM : ROGERII : DE FUXO

Source : "Histoire graphique de l'ancienne province de Languedoc" - Ernest Roschach par Auguste Molinier

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Thibaut III de Champagne SIGILL THEobalDI TRECN COMITIS PALATINI

Jean d'Ibelin , 1260+ : SIGILLum ........ENSIS :

Source : Inv. B.3, n.55, Archivio di Stato, Venice

Raymond de Mondragon , ~1200

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+ : SIGILLUM : RAIMUNDI DE MONTE : DRACONE :Source : Archives Nationales ST 82 bis

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earlyBlazon.com Richard Coeur-de-LionRichard Lionheart

Richard's coats of arms

After his return from captivity, Richard added a third lion to thecoat of arms borne until then by his brother John. Richard was thefirst king of England to bear three lions passants (leopards) on hiscoat of arms (see plate 3).But what did he bear before that, especially during the 3rd crusade?His first seal (see plate 1) does not show anything, but his secondseal (see plate 2) may help us a lot more.Several theories have emerged, but they all agree with one thing:Richard bore canting arms.

Les armoiries de Richard

Aprs son retour de captivit, Richard a ajout untroisime lion sur le blason port jusqu'alors par sonfrre Jean. Richard a t le premier roi d'Agleterre porter trois lions passants sur ses armoiries (voir planche3). Mais que portait-il avant, notamment durant la 3mecroisade ?Son premier sceau (voir planche 1) ne montre rien, maisson second sceau (voir planche 2) peut nous aider bienplus.Plusieurs thories se distinguent, mais elles s'accordenttoutes sur un point: Richard portait des armes parlantes.

The two lions combatant theory:

1. The second seal of Richard (see plate 2) where only halfthe shield is visible displays a lion turned to sinister. Thismay suggest that another lion is hidden in the other half ofthe shield.

2. According to a chronicler describing Richard in Cyprus in1191:"The king leapt on to his horse, and seated himself on asaddle sparkling with gold, glittering red and with manyother colours gleaming between. On the rear of the saddlea pair of snarling little golden lions faced each other, eachholding one forepaw stretched out towards the other as ifto tear each other to pieces. The king also wore goldenspurs on his feet. He wore a tunic of rose samite with acloak over it; the cloak had the shapes of little half moonslined out on it, glowing white in solid silver, and shiningorbs like suns scattered densely."Source : Itenerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi- book 2, chapter 36, translated from Latin into English byHelen J. Nicholson.

Richard ?

Thorie des deux lions affronts:

1. Le deuxime sceau de Richard (voir planche 2)o seule une moiti de l'cu est visible montre unlion tourn senestre. Ceci peut suggrer qu'unautre lion soit cach dans l'autre moiti de l'cu.

2. Selon un chroniqueur dcrivant Richard Chypreen 1191:"Le roi bondit sur sa monture, et s'installa sur uneselle tincelante d'or, de rouge brillant et debeaucoup d'autres teintes scintillantesintermdiaires. A l'arrire de la selle, une pairede petits lions dors rugissants se faisant face,chacun d'eux portant une patte de devant tirevers l'autre comme pour s'entre dchirer. Le roiportait aussi des perons dors ses pieds. Ilportait une tunique rose samite avec une cape pardessus; la cape avait des sortes de petites demi-lunes brodes sur elle, blanches et brillantes enargent massif, et des globes tincelants commeune multitude de soleils parpills."Source : Itenerarium Peregrinorum et GestaRegis Ricardi - livre 2, chapitre 36, traduit duLatin en anglais par Helen J. Nicholson.

The two lions passant theory:

1. The second seal of Richard (see plate 2) where only halfthe shield is visible displays a lion turned to sinister. Thismay suggest that another lion is hidden in the other half ofthe shield.

2. Richard's brother, John, count of Mortain in Normandyhad an equestrian seal, circa 1189, with a shielddisplaying what looks like two lions passant. SourceDemay Normandie No 48. Legend: SIGILLUM:IOHANNIS: FILII: REGIS: ANGLIE: DOMINI: HIBNIE(seal of John, son of the king of England and lord ofIreland). Richard may have borne the same coat of arms ashis brother. Tinctures (gules / or) would also be the same.

3. These are the arms of the count of Saint-Pol, the lord ofSaint-Valry and the traditional arms of Normandy.

Thorie des deux lions passants (lopards):

1. Le deuxime sceau de Richard (voir planche 2)o seule une moiti de l'cu est visible montre unlion tourn senestre. Ceci peut suggrer qu'unautre lion soit cach dans l'autre moiti de l'cu.

2. Le frre de Richard, Jean, comte de Mortain enNormandie avait un sceau questre vers 1189,avec un cu montrant ce qui semble tre deuxlions passants (lopards). Source DemayNormandie n 48. Lgende: SIGILLUM:IOHANNIS: FILII: REGIS: ANGLIE: DOMINI:HIBNIE (sceau de Jean, fils du roi d'Angleterreet seigneur d'Irlande). Richard a pu port lesmmes armoiries que son frre. Les emaux(gueules / or) seraient galement les mmes.

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Richard ?

3. Ce sont les armes du comte de Saint-Pol, duseigneur de Saint-Valry et celles traditionnellesde la Normandie.

The single lion theory:

1. The second seal of Richard (see plate 2) looks verysimilar to the seal of Philip of Alsace (see plate 4) whobore a single lion as we know. The engraver has propablychosen to keep the lion undivided although half the shieldis visible. The fact that the lion turns to sinister may alsobe observed in other cases. It is merely conventionnal torepresent the lion turned to the dexter side.

2. Coat of arms with two lions combatant are rare. On thecontrary, single lion rampant is the most common charge.

3. The description in "Itenerarium Peregrinorum et GestaRegis Ricardi" refers to a saddle, not to a banner nor acoat of arms.

4. "It is not known what arms were borne by Henry II; buthis younger brother, William FitzEmpress, styled alsoWilliam Longespee, bore a single lion rampant, facing tothe sinister (his seal shows the lion both on the shield andon the horse-trappings...). The Ist Great Seal of Richard Idisplays a similar lion, facing to sinister, on his shield. Itseems to have been overlooked that an early seal of hisillegitimate half-brother, the Earl of Salisbury, also bore asingle lion on his shield (this seal is known only from adrawing of the impression of the seal formely attached tothe Earl's letters patent for Bradenstoke priory: "the Earlon horseback, with a lion rampant on his shield and onmantling of his horse. Legend: SIGILLUM WILLELMILONGESPEE....); so that Richard and William each borea single lion, like their uncle William, before adoptingtheir later and better-known arms. These facts make itmost unlikely that Henry II bore his father's arms, andvery probable that he also bore a single lion. Why his sonsshould have changed their arms can only be conjonctured.Possibly a single lion rampant was becoming toocommon, and they wished for something moredistinctive."Source:The Complete Peerage XI Appendix G page 141

5. The coat of arms, undated, but traditionally attributed toAquitaine is gules, a lion passant or. At the birth ofheraldry, there was almost no difference between a lionrampant and a lion passant. The county of Poitou was thebirthplace of the house of Aquitaine. Richard was count ofPoitou and he bore the title of duke of Aquitaine.

6. Description of the royal standard in the ItenerariumPeregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi and in Ambroise (seethe page of banners).

Richard ?

Aquitaine

Thorie du lion seul:

1. Le deuxime sceau de Richard (voir planche 2)ressemble beaucoup au sceau de Philipped'Alsace (voir planche 4) qui portait un seul lioncomme nous le savons. Le graveur auraprobablement choisi de conserver le lion entierbien que seule la moiti de l'cu soit visible. Lefait que le lion tourne vers senestre peutgalement tre observ dans d'autres cas. C'estune pure convention que de reprsenter le liontourn vers le ct dextre.

2. Les armoiries avec deux lions affronts sontrares. Au contraire, le lion rampant lorsqu'il estseul est la figure la plus commune.

3. La description dans "Itenerarium Peregrinorum etGesta Regis Ricardi" fait rfrence une selle,pas une bannire ou un blason.

4. "On ne connait pas les armoiries que portaitHenry II; mais son jeune frre, GuillaumeFitzEmpress, appel aussi Guillaume Longespe,portait un seul lion rampant, face vers senestre(son sceau montre le lion la fois sur son cu etsur la house de son cheval...). Le 1er grand sceaude Richard Ier montre un lion similaire, face verssenestre, sur son cu. Il semble qu'il ai t passinaperu qu'un ancien sceau de son demi-frreillgitime, comte de Salisbury, portait aussi unseul lion sur son cu (ce sceau est seulementconnu par un dessin de l'empreinte du sceauauparavant attach aux lettres du comte pour leprieur de Bradenstoke: "le comte dos decheval, avec un lion rampant sur son cu et sur lahouse de son cheval. Legende: SIGILLUMWILLELMI LONGESPEE....); de telle sorte queRichard et Guillaume portait chacun un seul lion,comme leur oncle Guillaume, avant d'adopterplus tard leurs armes clbres. Ces faits rendentimprobable le fait qu' Henry II eut port lesarmes de son pre, et en revanche trs probablequ'il portait lui aussi un seul lion. La raison pourlaquelle ses fils auraient changs leurs armoirespeut seulement tre conjecture. Peut-tre qu'unlion rampant tait devenu trop commun, et qu'ilsvoulaient quelque chose de plus distinctif."Source:The Complete Peerage XI Appendice Gpage 141

5. Les armoiries, non dates, mais traditionellementattribues l'Aquitaine sont, gueules un lopardor. A la naissance de l'hralique, il n'y avaitpratiquement pas de diffrence entre un lionrampant et un lion passant (lopard). Le comt dePoitou tait le lieu de naissance de la maisond'Aquitaine. Richard tait comte du Poitou et il

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portait le titre de duc d'Aquitaine.6. Description de l'tendard royal dans Itenerarium

Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi et dansAmbroise (voir la page des bannires).

The gules coat of arms theory:

1. A field gules with lions or are the tinctures of modernarms of Normandy, Aquitaine and England (including hisbrother John's arms).

2. The description of Richard in 1191 in Cyprus in the book"Itenerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi"remains valid in any case.

3. If we consider that colours of crosses chosen for the 3rdcrusade (cf. Roger of Wendover) have matched theirleaders' coat of arms, then, king Henry of England's armshad probably a field gules because he had a cross argent.We may assume that Richard bore the same colours as hisfather.

Henry

Philippe

Philippe

Thorie du blason gueules:

1. Un champ de gueules avec des lions (oulopards) or sont les maux des armoiriesmodernes de la Normandie, d'Aquitaine etd'Angleterre (incluant celles de son frre Jean).

2. La descritpion de Richard en 1191 Chypre dansle livre "Itenerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta RegisRicardi" reste valide dans tous les cas.

3. Si nous considrons que les couleurs des croixchoisies pour la 3me croisade (cf. Roger ofWendover) correspondent aux armoiries de leurschefs, alors, le blason du roi d'Angleterre Henri aprobablement eu un champ gueules parce qu'ilavait une croix argent. On peut prsumer queRichard ait port les mmes couleurs que sonpre.

The argent a lion gules theory:

1. Epitaph ascribed to Simon de Joinville: "..Ly dis sires de Joinville mist l'escu saint Lorans

pour ce que on proit pour lui, ou quel escu apert laprouesse dou dit Jofroi en l'onnour que li rois Richarsd'Aingleterre ly fist en ce qu'il parti ses armes as seues.Icis Jofrois trespassa de ce sicle en l'an de grace mil IXxxet XII ou mois d'aoust. Icis Jofrois quiescat in pace."

" ..The afore said lord of Joinville put the shield at

Saint-Lawrence to let people pray for him, on whichshield appears the prowess of the said Geoffrey [IV] inhonour that king Richard of England did to him by whichhe dimidiated his coat of arms with the king's one. HereGeoffrey passed away this century in August 1192. Herelies Geoffrey in peace."

2. Richard of Cornwall, count of Poitiers (1225-1241), sonof king John, and the viscounts of Chtellerault boresimilar coat of arms.

Interesting links :http://svowebmaster.free.frhttp://ouest.heraldique.free.fr

Richard ?

Geoffroy deJoinville

Thorie de l'argent au lion de gueules:

1. Epitaphe attribue Simon de Joinville: "..Ly dis sires de Joinville mist l'escu saint

Lorans pour ce que on proit pour lui, ou quelescu apert la prouesse dou dit Jofroi en l'onnourque li rois Richars d'Aingleterre ly fist en ce qu'ilparti ses armes as seues. Icis Jofrois trespassa dece sicle en l'an de grace mil IXxx et XII oumois d'aoust. Icis Jofrois quiescat in pace."

" ..Le dit sire de Joinville mt l'cu Saint-

Laurent pour qu'on prie pour lui, sur lequel cuapparat la prouesse du dit Geoffroy [IV] enl'honneur que le roi Richard d'Angleterre lui ften ce qu'il partit ses armes aux siennes. IciGeoffroy trpassa de ce sicle en l'an de grace1192 au mois d'aot. Ici Geoffroy repose enpaix."

2. Richard de Cornouailles, comte de Poitiers(1225-1241), fils du roi Jean, et les vicomtes deChtellerault portaient des blasons similaire.

Liens intressants :http://svowebmaster.free.frhttp://ouest.heraldique.free.fr

Source Translation Traduction

"Et quis, ait, mecum venit ?Quasi fixus in illo ecce ComesPictavus agro nos provocat; eccenos ad bella vocat. Rictus agnoscoleonum illius in clypeo: stat ibi quasiferrea turris, Francorum nomenblasphemans ore protervo;oblitusque fugae, nihilominus eccesuperbit, et nisi reppererit pugnam,

"Who is going to come with me ? he said [Williamdes Barres].As pitched in the middle of the field, here comesthe count of Poitiers [Richard] provokating; andnow he calls us to fight. I recognise the mouth ofhis lions painted on his shield: he stands still as aniron tower; and from his arrogant mouth heblasphems the name of the French; he has forgottento flee this insolent lad, and if he does not manage

"Qui viendra avec moi ? dit-il alors [Guillaumedes Barres].Comme plant au milieu de ce champ, voil lecomte de Poitiers [Richard] qui nous provoque;voil qu'il nous appelle au combat. Je reconnais lerictus des lions peints sur son bouclier: il estimmobile comme une tour de fer; et de sa boucheinsolente il blasphme le nom des franais; il aoubli de fuir l'insolent, et s'il ne trouve pas

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malsesanus abibit. Vado viderevirum propis."

Guillemi Britonis-Armorici,Philippidos, Liber III, 445

to fight, he will go away in bad disposition.Therefore I am going to see that man closer."

Excerpt of the Philipidde by William le Breton,written circa 1214-1219, book III, 445.

combattre, il s'en ira en mauvaise disposition. Jevais donc voir cet homme de plus prs."

Extrait de la Philipidde de Guillaume leBreton, crit vers 1214-1219, livre III, 445.

1. Richard Coeur-de-Lion , 1169-1189

+ SIGILLUM : RICHARDI : DUCIS : AQUITANIE : COMITIS : PICTAVENSISImage in: "Donjons Romans des pays d'ouest" - Andr Chatelain

2. Richard Coeur-de-Lion , 1189+ RICArdus dux normannorum ET AQUITANORUM ET COMES ANDEGAvorum

Images in: "Heraldry"- O.Neubecker & "La chevalerie et les chevaliers brigands"- T.Ribaldone

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3. Richard Coeur-de-Lion , 1198 + RICARDUS DUX NORMANNORUM ET AQUITANNORUM ET COMES ANDEGAVORUM

Image in: "A History of the Art of War in the Middle Ages" - Sir Charles Oman

4. Philippe d'Alsace, comte de Flandre , 1188+ SIGILLUM philippi comitis flanDRIE

Sources : Archives Dpartementales Haute-Marne, cote 1H12/7"Sceaux de champagne" - A. Coulon - C70

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earlyBlazon.com Trencavel

Trencavel's coats of arms

The arms of Trencavels are known through several seals. Theyall show a shield barry _ and what looks like ermine. Colourshave been speculated.

Trencavel

Les armoiries des Trencavel

Les armoires des Trencavels sont connues au travers dequelques sceaux. Ils montrent tous un cu fasc de _ et cequi semble tre de l'hermine. On a spcul sur les maux.

Why Trencavels' bars were or:

1. The Rietstap armory, volume I page 195, at the name ofBziers (no source indicated):

1. Languedoc. Barry or and ermine.2. France. Barry argent and gules; a chief azur

sem of fleurs-de-lis or.2. Many authors have followed Rietstap. The arms No1

have become popular and associated with Trencavel.They can be seen in the streets of Carcassonne. Thearms No 2 are the civic arms of the city of Bziers (thesem have been replaced by 3 fleurs-de-lis and thebarry has been replaced by 3 bars).

1.Bziers

2.Bziers

Pourquoi les fasces des Trencaval sont or:

1. L'armorial de Rietstap, volume I page 195, au nomde Bziers (aucune source n'est indique):

1. Languedoc. Fasc d'or et d'hermine.2. France. Fasc de gueules et d'argent au chef

d'azur sem de fleurs-de-lis d'or.2. Plusieurs auteurs ont suivi Rietstap. Les armoiries n

1 sont devenues communment associes auxTrencavel. Elles peuvent tre vues dans les rues deCarcassonne. Les armoires n2 sont celles de laville de Bziers (le sem a t remplac par 3fleurs-de-lis et le fasc est remplac par 3 fasces).

Why Trencavels' bars were gules:

1. When we look at coat of arms borne by other knights ofthe region such as Saissac, Barbaira, Durban andHunaud de Lanta we realise that both colours andpatterns match Trencavel's arms. It must be notedthough, that except for Saissac and Barbaira, the armsare taken from Rietstap and are therfore not 100%reliable.

2. The civic arms of Bziers, city of which Trencavelswere viscounts, are interesting. If we take the chief out(azur, 3 fleurs-de-lis or) because that was just adistinctive sign bestowed on some "good" cities, coloursand paterns also support the idea that Trencavel's barswere gules. It must be noticed that ermine is missing.

3. "Ermine" applied on "or" is somehow unconventional,almost unique for the time, even if, strictly speaking,that does not break the rules of heraldry because fur canbe applied on metal. The association of "ermine" and"gules", on the contrary is frequent.

4. There are discussions about "ermine" on Trencavel'sarms which could have been indeed, at an earlier stage,distinct charges over bars. If those bars were argent, thatwould exclude the idea that "or" was the colour of theother bars.

Trencavel ?

Pourquoi les fasces des Trencaval sont gueules:

1. Lorsque nous observons les blasons ports pard'autres seigneurs de la rgion, comme les Saissac,Barbaira, Durban et Hunaud de Lanta on s'aperoitque les formes et les couleurs correspondent auxarmes des Trencavel. On doit cependant noterqu'except pour Saissac et Barbaira, les blasonssont tirs de Rietstap et par consquent non certains 100%.

2. Les armoiries civiles de Bziers, cit dont lesTrencavel taient vicomtes, sont intressantes. Si onomet le chef (azur, 3 fleurs-de-lis or) parce qu'il estjuste un signe distinctif accord certaines"bonnes" villes, les couleurs et les formescontribuent galement l'ide que les fasces desTrencavel taient gueules. On doit cependant noterqu'il n'y a pas dl'hermine.

3. L'application de l'hermine sur de l'or est nonconventionelle, presque unique pour l'poque,mme si, strictement parler, cela n'enfreint pas lesrgles de l'hraldique parce qu'une fourrure peuts'appliquer sur un mtal. L'association de l'hermineet du gueules, est au contraire frquente.

4. Il y a des discussions sur l'hermine des blason desTrencavel qui aurait pu, une poque plusancienne, tre en fait des charges distinctes sur desfasces. Si ces fasces taient d'argent, cela excluraitl'ide que les autres fasces soient d'or.

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Barbaira Saissac Durban Hunaud de Lanta Bziers

Raymond-Roger Trencavel + : S: COMUNE : CIVIUM: BITERRENSIUM :

Source : Htel de ville de Bziers

Modern wall-paintings in Carcassonne, 2004Peintures murales modernes Carcassonne, 2004

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Gallerie No 19 < > 2

Figurines painted by Eric Berro

Chabert de BarbairaGuy de Lvis

Raymond de Termes

Raymond-Roger Trencavel

Crdit: Eric Berro - http://trencavel.skyblog.com

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Raymond-Roger TrencavelCompagnie Mdivale : www.arbaletriers-flamands.org

Raymond VI(Figurine Lilitoys)

Do not hesitate to send me your materials (photos of figurines, paintings...)

N'hsitez pas m'envoyer vos productions (photos de figurines, peintures...)

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Simon de Montfort

Bouchard de MarlyPierre de Dreux

Alphonse de PoitiersCrdit: Eric Berro - http://trencavel.skyblog.com



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Arme 25 mmCrdit: M Mas - website

Thibault de Bar

Crdit: Claude Bourell

Crdit: Cie du seigneur de guerre

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Innocent IIISource: www.forrester-roberts.co.uk



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Crdit: www.kamar-zinnfiguren.de

Crdit: Cie du seigneur de guerre


Guillaume de Roquefort

Crdit: website



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Crdit: Guy - internet



Do not hesitate to send me your materials (photos of figurines, paintings...)N'hsitez pas m'envoyer vos productions (photos de figurines, peintures...)

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Pierre de Dreux



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Click to enlarge the image / Cliquer pour agrandir l'imageCrdit: Andrea Terzolo - www.andreaterzolo.it


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Calme avant le sige - mai 1255 - Chteau de Quribus

Click to enlarge the image / Cliquer pour agrandir l'imageCrdit: Eric Berro


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Muret - 1213Crdit: Guy

Crdit: Gennady Danshin

Click to enlarge the image / Cliquer pour agrandir l'image


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earlyBlazon English

Site traitant des premires armoiries de leurs origines jusqu' la fin des croisades.(si aucun menu n'apparat gauche, prire de cliquer ici)

Nouveauts Quoi de neuf ?A propos du site Nombre de visiteurs etc....Sceaux Sceaux hraldiques anciensArmoiriesparticulires Richard Coeur-de-Lion , Trencavel

Galleries Gallerie n1 , Gallerie n2 , Gallerie n3 , Gallerie n4 , Gallerie n5 , Gallerie n6 , Gallery n7 , Gallery n8 , Gallery n9 PL 2001- 2010

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earlyBlazon.com Croisades

Croisades Dates

9me Croisade 1271-1272 8me Croisade 1270 7me Croisade 1248-1254Croisade 1239 1239-1241 6me Croisade 1228-1229 5me Croisade 1217-1221 Croisade albigeoise 1209-1244 4me croisade 1198-1205 3me croisade 1188-1195 2me croisade 1145-1188 1re croisade 1096-1145

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Contact

Comment me contacter

Merci de me faire part de vos commentaires pour amliorer le site ou pour corriger les erreurs que vous auriezvues ou juste pour dire bonjour. Mais ne me demandez pas s'il vous plat de trouver le blason de votre famille carje n'en aurais aucune ide.

Vous pouvez me contacter directement par courriel. A cause des spams, j'ai d changer d'adresse.

: nouvelle adresse: ancienne adresse, non valide

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Information on Norman Honors according to Sir Maurice Powicke 1203-1204 LAigle Gilbert de LAigle Honor in England was Aquila centered in Sussex, confiscated in 1212. Later, Gilbert was returned his English castle of Pevensey and was in possession of it until his death. He was one of the few barons able to hold land in Normandy and England after the conquest. The honor was granted to Gilbert Marshal in 1234. Alencon Count Robert of Alencon or more commonly known of Seez Servitum Debitum= 20 knights (111 owed service to him) The castle of Alencon was in ducal hands since 1166 and was the seat of a bailiwick. The count of Alencon had extensive rights and privalages throughout the town and bailiwick. Argences Richard dArgences Richard had farmed the honor of Evreux in 1198. He joined King Philip Augustus in 1202. In May 1205, Philip endowed Richard with the important fief of Ollonde and lands pertaining to the honor of the Earl of Arundel Arundel Earl William dAubigbny Principle lands at Buevilla. The Earl was also enfeoffed with Pontorson castle. Auffai John dAuffai (died in 1204) In 1172, Richard dAuffai owed the service of 5 knights (for 16 owed to him). After the death of John in 1204, the barony was split between the King and William Martel. Johns daughter was the heiress of his English lands, the chief of which was Norton Ferris in Somerset. Aumale Renaud de Dammartin, count of Aumale for King Philip Baldwin de Bethune, count of Aumale for King John Aunou Fulk dAunou, who succeeded his father, also Fulk, in 1195 In 1172, Fulk the elder owed the service of 4 knights for 34.5 he had in his service. Fulk the younger was staunchly loyal to King John and was forced by King Philip to submit after the conquest. The Aunou family held extensive land near Seez, in Auge and the Leuvin, as well as near Argentan. Bacqueville William Martel (also constable of Arques for a time) In 1172, Geoffrey Martel owed the service of 2 knights and had 8 and 1/3 in his service. William Martel joined Philip in 1204. The Martel family retained the Bacqueville fief post-conquest. Beaufou Henry de Beaufou The family held a fief in Norfolk granted by King Henry I. In 1172 Richard de Beaufou owed the service of 2 knights and had in his service 6 and . Bohun There were two branches of the family, both held extensive lands in England and Normandy.

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Bohun, the elder branch owed the service of 2 and 6/7 knights and had 7 in their service. Saint-Georges-de-Bohun lies in a marshy district south of Carentan. Engeler II held the barony in 1204 as well as that of Midhurst in Sussex, England. Carentan, The younger branch of the family owed the service of 2 and 1/7 knights and had that of 2 knights. Henry, lord of Carentan and Towbridge, was created Earl of Hereford in 1204 by King John. In 1220 Bohon and Carentan were in the hands of King Philip of France. Briquebec Robert Bertram (a minor in 1202) The family seat was at Roncheville-le-Bertrand in Auge, not in Briquebec, in the Cotentin. In 1180 Robert Bertram farmed the viscounty of Auge by hereditary right. The main strength of the family lay in the Cotentin where the lord could call on 34 and knights. He owed 5 knights to the duke. Robert de Thibouville purchased the wardship of the young Robert Bertram in 1202 for 6000 Li. Angevin. Later Robert Bertram married Joan Taisson and would eventually become the lord of Thury. Briouze William de Briouze was lord of Briouse (Braosa) castle and honor and held it for a service of 3 knights. Cailly In 1172, Osbert Fitz Roger was lord of Cailly and Baudemont (in right of his wife). He owed 2 knights to the duke. He also held 2 knights fees of the barony of Saint-Saens. Osbert died sometime between 1189 and 1198. His two daughters were his heiresses. One daughter married Stephen de Longchamps and the other married Henry de Vere. Henry died early, and Mathilda, second daughter of Osbert, married Reginald du Bois [Perhaps the Ernault du Bois that Geoffrey de Vinsauf recorded in his chronicle as a companion of King Richard at the battle of Jaffa]. The barony was thus divided between Stephen and Reginald. The Baudemont lands in England which came to Osbert in right of his wife formed the manor and half-hundred of Mutford in Suffolk. In 1204, Reginald du Bois sided with King Philip and lost his English lands at Lothingland in Suffolk. On the other hand Stephen de Longchamp, except for a brief interval in 1205, kept his English lands. For a short time, Reginald received the entire Cailly barony, while Stephen took Baudemont, half of Mutford (the other half went to a son of Henry de Vere), and Cailly lands in England. In 1213, Stephen de Longchamps definatively sided with King Philip of France. He lost his English lands, and received of the Cailly barony in Normandy. Chester Earl Ranulf de Blundesville The earl owed the service of 10 knights for his honor, of which the chief seats were Briquessart and Saint-Sever near Vire. He had the service of 51 and 7/8 knights. King Philip later granted Saint-Sever to Andre de Vitry and his brothers. Clare Earl Richard de Clare of Hertford Philip Augustus confiscated the honor of Clare in 1204. The honor was the lands of the Earl Giffard that didnt go to William Marshal. Ancestrally, the Clares also held land in Saint-Saens and near Omonville, but these lands were farmed by ducal agents. [Many sources indicate that the Clare honor in Normandy was vast, but as of yet, I cannot figure out what the Earl of Clare acually held in Normandy!] Cleville In 1172, Jordan du Hommet, lord of Cleville and constable of Seez held Cleville for the service of 3 knights. 13 knights were owed to Jordan. Jordan was killed in Palestine in 1192. He was a younger brother of William du Hommet, constable of Normandy. John, son of Jordan became the next lord of Cleville. John became an accomptant in the bailiwick of Leuvin in 1198. John du Hommet was also lord of Sherringham in Norfolk. By 1204, Cleville was part of the ducal demesne. Colombieres

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Fief of Philip de Colombieres Philips Norman lands were situated near Roumare and were probably part of William de Roumares honor. The lord of Colombieres was a loyal adherent to King John. In 1204, Philip Augustus confiscated his Norman lands and granted some of them (up to 100 Li. Angevin) to Gerard de Merc. Philip was an opponent of King John in 1215 and lost his English lands. Courci Robert de Courci The barony of Courci was centered in the valley of the Dive at Courci and Ecaljeul-sur-Dive. In 1172 William de Courci provided a servitum debitum of 5 knights for the former and 3 knights for the latter. He had in his service 50 knights. The English fiefs of the Courci family were situated at Bilsington in Kent, and at Warblington and Emsworth in Hampshire. Creully Philip of Creully (grandson of Robert, Earl of Gloucester, bastard son of King Henry I) Philip owed service of 3 knights and had that of 11. Esneval Robert dEsneval Robert owed the service of 3 knights and had that of 12 and 1/4. Robert was one of the barons who signed the capitulation of Rouen in 1204. Eu Count Robert dExoudun held Eu, Hastings, and Tickhill in right of his wife. Ferrieres This family must be distinguished from the English Ferrieres that held the earldom of Derby. Walchelin de Ferrieres in 1172 owed the service of 5 knights and had that of 42 and . Walchelin was with King Richard during his captivity in January, 1194, at Speyer. The familys central residence was at Ferrieres-Saint-Hillaire. He died in 1201 and his son Henri succeeded him. Henri joined King Philip Augustus. The English lands of the Ferrieres included the manors of Oakham in Rutland and Lechlade in Gloucestershire. Fontenai Fontenai-le-Marmion is situated above the valley of the Laize, south of Caen, and was apparently held of the honor of Beaumont-le-Roger by Robert Marmion. After 1204 Robert Marmion stayed in England, but his eldest son, Robert remained in Normandy. Tamworth and Scrivelsby were the English lands attatched to the honor of Fontenai. (Richard de Fontenai) Important Norman official that was grant lands in the Contentin by King Philip Augustus. Richards relation to the barons Fontenai is not known. Fougeres Fiefs held by William de Fougeres. Some of these included Ipplepen in Devon, England. These fiefs were confiscated by King John. Gace The honor of Gace, near Argentan, was held in 1172 by Amauri of Sable by the service of 3 knights. He had 11 and in his service. He was succeeded by Lisiard de Sable and Peter de Sable, who died in 1193 and 1205 respectively. Reginald du Bois had custody of the heirs. The family remained in Normandy. Shortly after the conquest, Guy de Sable held the honor of Gace. Gisors Jean de Gisors. He held an extensive honor in the French and Norman Vexin in the district of Gisors. Jeans Norman lands escheated to the ducal control during King Richards reign along with his Sussex lands.

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Gloucester The honor of Gloucester in Normandy was centered on Sainte-Scolasse. The most powerful vassal of the honor was the lord of Mesle-sur-Sarthe. The fief came to King John in right of his wife, but a great part of it, together with the title of earl, went to Amauri, count of Evreux. Amauris father had married the eldest daughter of Earl William. Gournai Hugh of Gournay and his father before him held the honor of Gournai by the service of 12 knights and with the duty of defending the march with their other knights. After its conquest in 1202, Gournai becomes a royal castle. Ecouche, near Argentan, is stated to be part of the honor. In May, 1203, the lands of Hugh de Gournai in Norfolk and Suffolk had been granted to John Marshal, and in June, Wendover was granted to Ralph de Tilly. In 1208 Hugh appears to be in possession of the soke of Waltham formely held by Alan Fitz Count. In Sussex, of the land of the Normans, he had the manor of Berlinges, once the land of Jean of Gisors. Gravenchon-en-Caux Granenchon was an honor of the counts of Evreux, and remained to the counts after the loss of Evreux until 1204, when Philip Augustus added it to his demesne. The castle of Gaillon was also part of the honor of Evreux until it was taken by King Philip in 1193/1194. Graville The caput of the Malet barony in Normandy; in 1172, Mathieu Malet held Graville with the service of 4 knights. He had 12 and in his service. In 1204, William Malet was the lord of Graville. After William Malets death, the son and heir, Robert Malet was a minor. The barony thus passed temporarily to the late lords wife and her third husband, William des Preaux (brother of Jean and Peter des Preaux). In 1204, Lilley in Hertfordshire and Coleby in Lincolnshire were seized as tarrae Normannorum, which belonged to William Malet. William de Preaux, who at first remained in Normandy, came to England late in Johns reign and received seisin in right of his wife Philippa. He thus, for a time, maintained a connection between the English and Norman fiefs of Graville. La Haie-du-Puits (Plessis) La Haie was the caput of the honor of Plessis in the Cotentin, which was held in 1172 by Ralph de la Hay for the service of 2 and knights. He also owed the service of 1 knight for the fief of Creances, near La Haie-du-Puits, which belonged to the honor of Mortain. He had 6 and knights in his service. In 1204, Robert de la Haie left Normandy to settle into his English estates, of which the honor of Burwell in Lincolnshire was the chief. In consequence, the honor of Plessis was added to the demesne. Hambye and Brehal These were the chief fiefs of Fulk Painel. Fulks large honor in the Cotentin was partly held of the abbot of Mont-Saint-Michel. In spite of their vacilation, he and his son Fulk retained their Norman lands. In 1205, Fulk joined King Philip and his English lands at Bingham in Nottinghamshire were confiscated as terrae Normannorum. Harcourt The lord of Harcourt, near Brionne owed service to the honor of Beaumont-le-Roger, and held only one knights fee in chief to the duke; in 1204, Robert of Harcourt was still living, but he was succeeded by his son Richard before 1208. Richard, as the husband of Mathilda, the youngest daughter of Ralph Taisson, was, after 1213 lord of Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte. In 1204, the English lands of the Harcourts included the manors of Sileby and Burstall (Leicestershire), Sherston (Wiltshire), Wellingborough (Northamptonshire), Ludham (Suffolk), Ilmington (Warwickshire), and Bensington (Oxfordshire). John, the second son of Robert held Rothely in Leicestershire. All of these estates were confiscated after the conquest, although at some point, John dHarcourt was able to receive some of them back. Le Hommet In 1172 Richard du Hommet owed the service of of 3 and knights, and had the service of 18 knights. His eldest son William succeeded him as constable of Normandy, joined Philip and was living in possession of

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his estates in 1220. His English lands in Northamptonshire were confiscated in 1204. Stamford, which had been granted to his father in 1173, wet to the Earl Warenne. Through his mother, William and his brother Enguerrand succeeded to the honor of Remilly. This was held by Enguerrand in parage. Leicester Earl Robert IV de Beaumont In 1204 the honor included Breteuil, and through Petronilla, mother of Robert IV, Grandmesnil. It had been stripped of Paci-sur-Eure in 1194 but was still of vast extent. In 1172 it had contained 121 knights. Robert IV was prepared to come to an arrangement with King Philip about his Norman fiefs in 1204, but he had died in October. King Philip had added his lands into the demesne. Littehaire Littehaire had belonged to William of Orval in 1172 and was held for the service of 2 and knights. Through Mabile dOrval the barony came through marriage to Adam de Port, and to his son William, also known as William of Saint-Jean. Adam and his son followed John to England and the honor became part of Philips demesne. Longueville Longueville was the caput of the Norman honor of the Earl Giffard. After the death of Earl Walter in 1191, his lands were divided. William Marshal received and retained Longueville even after 1204. The family held the fief, which contained nearly 100 knights, until 1219. Meulan The counts of Meulan, held their county of the King of France, but had extensive lands and rights in Normandy and England. Some of the counts vassals in the duchy (the Marmions and Harcourts) were amongst the most powerful of Norman barons. The honor stretched along the valley of the Risle, at Pont-Audemer, Brionne and Beaumont-le-Roger. Count Robert, who due to neccessity was playing both sides (Norman and French) against the middle, was forced to reconcile one last time with John in April, 1203. A month later, Peter, son of Count Robert betrayed Beaumont-le-Roger, and lost his Norman lands and English benefices. Count Robert was forced to pledge all of his Norman lands for 5000 marks and retain only a small contingent interest in them. On May 1st, 1204, the count, who was an old man, divested himself of all his lands in France, Normandy, and England in favour of his daughter Mabria, wife of Earl William, lord of the Isle of Wight. King Johns officials later listed Stourminster in England as terrae Normannorum. Waleran, the eldest son of Count Robert had been killed on crusade, Peter de Meulan had been recently killed, and Mabria was a woman. Neither King John nor King Philip paid much heed to Count Roberts attemp to transmit his honor intact. The Norman honor of the count owed the service of 15 knights and comprised 63. Ralph de Meulan, son of Waleran and nephew of Peter was denied his inherritance of Brionne and Beaumont-le-Roger, but was granted lordship of Courseulles-sur-Mer. Montbrai In 1172 Nigel de Montbrai owed the service of 5 knights for Montbrai and Chateau-Gontier and had 12 in his service. Willliam de Montbrai left Normandy in 1204, and his barony became part of King Philips demesne. Philip still held it in 1220, but Andre de Vitry was enfeoffed with Montbrai in 1231. Montfort (Coquainvillieres) The Honor of Hugh de Montfort. In 1172 Robert de Montfort owed the service of 6 knights for Coquainvillieres and 2 and for Orbec, and for the former he had 33 and 7/12 knights fees. In 1204, the honor of Coquainvillieres was held by Hugh. He was loyal to John to the end and disappeared from pulic records (perhaps died) around 1205/1206. The house of Montfort took its name from Montfort-sur-Risle, one of the fiefs of the count of Meulan. It should be noted that the honor of Montfort was quite distinct from that of Coquainvillieres and came to the duke in 1161. Robert of Montfort and his son Hugh were both castellans of Montfort several times before and after 1180. Montpincon In 1172 Hugh de Montpicon held the honor by the service of 3 knights; he had in his service 12 knights. In 1204 Philip Augustus gave the honor to Guerin de Glapion.

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Mortain King John was count of Mortain before becoming King, but had lost control of the castles of the honor on or around 1194. John may have regained the castles by 1196, but definitely regained control of them by the time he became King in 1199. The castles of the county included Mortain, Cerences, Tinchebrai, and Conde-sur-Noireau. Later, Philip Augustus assigned the county to Renaud de Dammartin, Count of Boulogne and later to Philip Hurpel, son of King Philip through marriage to Renauds daughter. Mortemer The castle of Mortemer had been taken from the family of Mortemer by William the Conqueror and granted to William of Warenne. It remained one of the chief seats of the honor of Warenne in Normandy until it was taken by King Philip Augustus in 1202 and granted to Renaud de Dammartin. In 1204, Philip regained possession of it. The other fiefs of the Earl Warenne were confiscated in 1204 by King Philip. They comprised Bellencombre and other lands in the Caux and other districts of Normandy. Varenne, which gave its name to this powerful Anglo-Norman family, is situated near Bellencombre. (William de Mortemer) William was a great ducal official that defended Verneuil in 1194 and Arques in 1202 and was in 1203 bailiff of La Londe and of Caux joined Philip Augustus after the capitulation of Arques in 1204. He was a tenant of the honors of Montfort and of Breteuil as well as in the Caux. Moutiers-Hubert Caput of the barony of Hugh Painel, in 1172 Hugh owed the service of 5 knights and 6 in his service. Hugh took the vows of a monk, and was succeeded by his son Peter. Peter in turn was succeeded by another Hugh who held the honor in 1204. Hugh was also lord of West Rasen in England. Moyon In 1172 William of Mohun owed the service of 5 knights and had 11 in his service. In 1204 Reginald of Mohun remained with John, and Moyon was granted to Guerin de Glapion. After Guerins disgrace, the King had the honor of Moyon. The seat of the Moyon honor in England was at Dunster in Somerset. Negreville Negreville was the seat of the Norman honor of the Wake family. Baldwin was the lord in 1204. His English lands lay in Lincolnshire. The lord of Negreville remained with John and his barony was listed as belonging to the count of Ponthieu in 1220. Nehou Nehou came to the Vernon branch of the Reviers family. In 1172 Richard de Vernon, in addition to his honor of Vernon held Nehou by the service of 10 knights and had 30 in his service. His grandson Richard, lost Vernon in 1195, retained Nehou after the loss of Normandy. Neubourg In 1172 Henry of Neubourg owed the service of 10 knights and had 15 and 1/16 in his service. Henry was the lord of Neubourg and Annebecq for which he owed the service of 2 and knights and had 22 and in his service. Henry joined King Philip and the honor was at King Johns disposal as early as 1202. Nonant Guy of Nonant owed the service of 1 knight and had that of 11and fees. Henry was his successor. Henry chose to stay with King John while his brother Renault remained in Normandy. King Philip took the majority of the honor, but granted Guerin de Glapion 5 knights fees of the honor. Renaut also had fees of the Nonant barony. Renauts issue would later give rise to the 13th/14th century barons Nonant. Henry of Nonants ancestral lands in England were at Totnes. Ollonde Ollonde was the seat of the Norman family of Mandeville. In 1172 Roger de Mandeville owed the service of 2 and knights and had the service of 3. His son William died between 1195 and 1198. Williams

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daughter and heiress, was given to Mathieu FitzHerbert. The caput of the English barony was Earls Stoke in Wiltshire. After the separation Mathieu and his successors became lords of the English lands. The Norman lands of Ollonde were granted by King Philip Augustus to Richard dArgences. Orbec In 1172 the honor of Orbec was held by Robert de Montfort, but was originally in the possession of the family of Clare, and came back to the family in the reign of Henry II. It was the seat of William Marshals honor in Normandy, and was retained by him in 1204-1205. Pavilly Roger de Pavilly owed the service of 2 knights for Pavilly in 1172. He also owed service at Lyons-la-Foret. His successor, in 1204, was Thomas de Pavilly, who after joining in the capitualtion of Rouen remained in Normandy. Preaux In 1204 John des Preaux, son of Osbert, was the lord of Preaux. Peter, who became lord of the Channel Islands, and William were brothers of John. Apparently, John sided with King Philip, while Peter sided with his friend, King John. Roumare In 1172 William de Roumare owed the service of 14 knights for his various fiefs in the Roumois. William died before 1198. It would also appear that the heir, also named William remained in Normandy. His English estates had been confiscated, the pricipal being half the earldom of Lincoln which was split with the Ghent family. Sai In 1180 Geoffrey de Sai had land in the neighborhood of Arques by reason of his marriage to Alice de Periers. In 1198 he was bailiff of Arques. He gathered together a property of several knights fees, which was confiscated by King Philip in 1204. In the Feoda Normanniae he is stated to hold one fee of the honor of Bellencombre, one fee of Breteuil, at Til and Thieville (possibly modern Thil and Thiedeville, between Yvetot and Arques). Geoffrey possible possessed half a fee at Fresnay-le-Long and Humesnil, and another half at Quesnai. He also held half a fee at Estoupefos and Estarvilla, which owed its aid in the bailiwick of the castle of Gaillon. In addition, Geoffrey it seems had possession of the manor of Les Moulineaux, and the fiefs of Eterville and Fontaine-Etoupefour which were just south-west of Caen. These last two named were in the possession of Alan of Falaise by 1205. Geoffrey received some of the Taisson lands in Kent after the conquest of Normandy by King Philip. Saint-Hilaire The family of Saint-Hilaire-du-Harcouet owed the service of 2 and knights, of which 1 and was due in the honor of Mortain, and 1 in the Avaranchin. Hasculf de Saint-Hilaire died prior to 1180 and his rights passed through his daughter and her husband Frederick (Fraeric) Malesmains. The lands of the honor lay between Saint-Hilaire and Pontorson, on either side of Saint-James-de-Beauvron. A certain Peter de Saint-Hilaire, who had joined Philip during Richards captivity, and afterwards returned, had rights in Lapenty and Les Loges, near Saint-Hilaire, for which he strove with more or less success in the reigns of Richard, John, and Philip. Peter seems to have gone to England and made fine for his lands at Crofton, in Somerset, leaving Frederick in possession of his Norman claims. In 1220 Frederick appears as a tenant-in-chief in the Avaranchin for his fiefs of Sacey and Vessey, Saint-Hilaire being a fief of Mortain wasnt registered. The county at Mortain at this time still was in the hands of the count of Boulogne. Saint-John-le-Thomas This honor was held of the abott of Mont-Saint-Michel. Its lord William de Saint-John, farmed the viscounty of Coutances for more than 40 years, 1160-1203. He died about this time, for his name was taken by William, son of Adam de Port. Adam had married the neice of William de Saint-Jean. Philip Augustus had confiscated his land, and the castle at Saint-Jean-le-Thomas had been destroyed. The King had held the land and made deduction for it from the abott of Mont-Saint-Michel. The son of Adam de Port succeeded to

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the Sussex estates, at Halnecker and Mundham, of William de Saint-Jean. Through descent of Adam de Port, the family held Basing in Hampshire. Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte This important honor came to Jordan Taisson, lord of Thury (now Thury-Harcourt) in the middle of the 12th century. In 1172 Jordan owed the service of 10 knights for Thury and 5 for Saint-Sauveur, and had in them 30 and and 15 fees respectively. His son Ralph Taisson, who was for a time King Johns seneschal of Normandy, joined King Philip. In 1213 his estates were divided between his 3 daughters and their husbands. Petronilla, who married William Painel, the son of Fulk Painel, got Percy and other lands in the Cotentin. Jean, wife of Robert Bertram, got Thury, and Mathilda, wife of Richard de Harcourt, got the rest of the honor of Saint-Sauveur. Ralph Taissons lands in England lay in Kent, Gloucestershire, and Nottinghamshire. They were confiscated in 1204. Saint-Victor-en-Caux This place, now Saint-Victor-lAbbaye, near Totnes was the seat of the Norman honor of Roger de Mortemer, lord of Wigmore. In 1172 Hugh de Mortemer, his father, owed the service of 5 knights and had 13 and 1/2. The family also held Saint-Ricquier and certain fiefs of the honor of Mortemer. After 1204 the fiefs of Roger Mortemer came into the hands of the King. Tancarville The lord of Tancarville was hereditary chamberlain of Normandy. He owed the service of 10 knights and held 94 and kn

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