Download - Dentalni Biomaterijali PPT

8/4/2019 Dentalni Biomaterijali PPT

1/35

By

Prof.Dr/Mona Hussein


2/35

The science of dental biomaterials involves

the study of the composition and properties

o ma er a s an e way n w c ey

interact with the oral environment in which

they are placed.


3/35

Dental biomaterials may be classified

according to nature into, ceramics, metals,

polymers and composites or according to use

into restorative and auxiliary materials


4/35

Materials used in dentistry are confined

within the three known groups:

metals, ceramics and polymers.


5/35

I- Metals

Metals are used for making restorations of the lost

tooth structure, prosthetic devices, orthodontic

appliances, and many other applications where

strength and elasticity are required.

A mixture of two or more metallic elements is

called alloy (Gold alloy &Cobalt chromium alloy)


6/35

Metallic restoration


7/35

II- Ceramics

Ceramics include a wide variety of

substances such as glass, cement,

refractory (high temp), and many other

materials.


8/35

Types of dental ceramics:

Dental porcelain.

Dental cements.

ypsum pro ucts.

Casting investment


9/35

Ceramic restoration


10/35

Ceramo-metal system

Bridge


11/35

III- Polymers

Polymers are synthetic resins.

Types of dental polymers:

Polymeric impression materials.

Denture base materials.

Tooth colored restorative materials.


12/35

Polymeric denture base


13/35

Esthetic restoration

(dental composite)


14/35


15/35

1-Enamel.2-Dentine.

3-Gingiva (Gum).

4-Gingival Sulcus.5-Periodontal

.6-Pulp Chamber.

7-Root Canal.

8-Apical Foramen.9-Bone.

10-Cementum.


16/35

1. Enamel:

Is the hardest structure in the human body.

It forms the outer layer of the crown

Its the only visible portion of the crown.


17/35

2. Dentine:

Is the main substance of the crown

e roo .

Is yellowish-white in color.

Is sensitive.


18/35

3. Gingiva(Gum):

Is the soft tissue covering the bone

enc rc ng e oo near e

junction of the crown & the root.


19/35

4. Gingival sulcus:

Surrounds the tooth.

. .


20/35

5. Periodontal ligaments:

Attaches the tooth to the bone by means of

thin fibers.

Act as a shock absorber for the tooth.


21/35

6. Pulp chamber:

This cavity contains bloods vessels for

nutrition&nerves for the sensitivity of the

tooth.

Is extremely sensitive.


22/35

7. Root canals:

Are small canals through which blood

vessels& nerves pass through the roots

on their way to the pulp chamber.


23/35

8. Apical foramen:

Is the only normal opening of the root

canal.

The nerves & the blood vessels pass

from it to the root canal.


24/35

9. Bone:

The tooth is anchored in the bone.


25/35

10. Cementum:

A thin layer covering the root.

The ligaments attaches to this.


26/35

SalivaContents:

1- Water.

2- Electrolytes.

3- Mucus.

4- Enzymes.


27/35

Functions:

1. Helps in creating the bolus of the food.

2. Amylase enzyme that converts starch into dextrin.

3. Prevent tooth decay& tooth erosion due to its

.

4. Saliva carries ions as calcium,fluoride. That

helps in remineralization.

5. Antibacterial.


28/35

The restorative material present in the oral

environment is subjected to:

1. Changes in temperature.

3. Occlusal stresses.

4. Solubility and disintegration.


29/35

TMJ

Functions:

1. The first function is rotation around ahorizontal axis.

2. The second function is translation where

the condyle & the disc move together

anteriorly beneath the articular eminence.


30/35


31/35


32/35


33/35

DENTAL BIOMATERIALSI -Basic science of biomaterials

Physical properties

Thermal properties

Optical propertiesSurface chemistry

Corrosion

Mechanical properties


34/35

Basic structure of metals.

Basic structure of polymers.

Basic structure of ceramics.

II APPLIED BIOMATERIALS


35/35

Download - Dentalni Biomaterijali PPT

Top Related