Computer Networking

NITIN AGRAWALPREPARIED

BY-

1. LAN2. WAN3. MAN

TYPES OF NETWORKS

LAN – LOCAL AREA NETWORK

IS A SMALL GEOGRAPHICAL AREA SUCH AS OUR SCHOOL BOARD.

WAN – WIDE AREA NETWORK

IS A NETWORK USED OVER AN EXTREMELY LARGE GEOGRAPHICAL AREA SUCH AS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT.

MAN – METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK

IS A NETWORK OVER A LARGER GEOGRAPHICAL AREA SUCH AS THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT

.

· BUS TOPOLOGY

· STAR TOPOLOGY

· RING TOPOLOGY

· EXTENDED STAR

· HIERARCHICAL

· MESH

NETWORKS ARE BROKEN INTO TOPOLOGIES. THEY ARE:

ALLOWS INFORMATION TO BE DIRECTED FROM ONE COMPUTER TO THE OTHER. LOTS OF BINARY COLLISION THOUGH.

BUS TOPOLOGY

IS THE MOST COMMON TYPE USED. ALL COMPUTERS ARE ATTACHED TO A HUB. LESS COLLISIONS AND MOST EFFICIENT.

STAR TOPOLOGY

RING TOPOLOGY

A DISADVANTAGE OF A TOKEN RING IS IF ONE COMPUTER IS BROKEN OR DOWN, THE MESSAGE CANNOT BE PASSED TO THE OTHER COMPUTERS.

TWISTED SHIELDED PAIR – USED IN PHONE LINES, NETWORKS

UNSHIELDED TWISTED PAIR-USED IN PHONE LINES, NETWORKS

COMMUNICATION CHANNELS

COAXIAL CABLE

USED IN CABLEVISION GREAT FOR VIDEO

FIBRE OPTIC CABLES

- USES LIGHT TO CARRY SIGNAL BUT HARD TO WORK WITH AND LOOSES SIGNAL OVER LONGER DISTANCES

Wiring: 1-3 White/Orange2-6 Orange3-1 White/Green6-2 Green4-4 Blue5-5 White/Blue7-7 White/Brown8-8 Brown

Typical Crossover Cable

CRIMPING TOOL HUB

TOOLS USING IN NETWORKING

ROUTER

NETWORK CARD

Every machine on the Internet has a unique

identifying number, called an IP Address.

A typical IP address looks like this:

216.27.61.137

But computers communicate in binary form.

Basics of Networking

GLOBAL POPULATION AN INTERNET USERS,2000-2020

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Internet userGlobal populationLinear (Global popu-lation)