Download - Common Neonatal Dermatological Conditions

8/18/2019 Common Neonatal Dermatological Conditions

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COMMON NEONATALDERMATOLOGICAL

CONDITIONS


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Erythema ToxicumNeonatorum

• Most common rash of full-term infant

• Appears as small erythematous maculesand papules that evolve into pustules on

erythematous bases.

• Rash occurs most often by 24–48 hoursof life but can be present at birth.

• Self-limited, resolves ithin !–" days#recurrences possible.

• $ustular %uid reveals eosinophils


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Transient Neonatal PustularMelanosis

• More commonly a&ects full-term infantsith dar'er pi(mentation.

• At birth, appears as small pustules on

nonerythematous bases that rupture andleave erythematous)hyperpi(mentedmacules ith a collarette of scale.

•

Self-limited# macules fade over ee's tomonths.

• $ustular %uid reveals neutrophils.


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Milia

• *ommon neborn rash.

• Appears as +- to -mm hite)yellopapules, freuently found on nose and

face

• ue to retention of 'eratin andsebaceous materials in pilosebaceous

follicles.• Self-limited, resolves ithin /rst fe

ee's of life.


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Miliaria

• 0eat Rash or $ric'ly 0eat. *ommon nebornrash associated ith armer climates, incubatoruse, or occlusion ith clothes)dressin(s.

• Appears as small erythematous papules or

pustules usually on face, scalp, or intertri(inousareas.

• ue to obstruction of eccrine seat ducts in thestratum corneum.

• Rash resolves hen infant is placed in coolerenvironment or ti(ht clothin()dressin(s areremoved.


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Neonatal Acne

• Seen in 21 of infants. Appears asin%ammatory papules or pustules ithoutcomedones, usually on face and scalp.

•

Secondary to e&ect of maternal andendo(enous andro(ens on infant3ssebaceous (lands.

• $ea's around + month, resolves ithin a

fe months, usually ithout intervention.• oes not increase ris' of acne as an

adolescent.


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Seborrheic Dermatitis

• *ommon rash characteried byerythematous plaues ith (reasy yelloscales.

• 5ocated in areas rich ith sebaceous(lands, such as scalp, chee's, ears,eyebros, intertri(inous areas, diaper area.

• 6n'non etiolo(y.


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•

*an be seen in neborns, morecommonly in infants +–4 months old.

• Self-limited and resolves ithin a feee's to months.

• *an remove scales on scalp ith softbrush)/ne comb.

• 7n more severe cases, antifun(alshampoos or lo-potency topicalsteroid can shorten the course


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CutisMarmorataMottlin!

• Reticulated mottlin( of the s'in thatsymmetrically involves the trun' andetremities.

• 7t is caused by a vascular response to coldand (enerally resolves hen the s'in isarmed.

• A tendency to cutis marmorata may persist

for several ee's or months, or sometimesinto early childhood.

• 9o treatment is indicated.


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"arle#uin Color Chan!e•

0arleuin color chan(e occurs hen theneborn lies on his or her side.

• 7t consists of erythema of the dependentside of the body ith simultaneousblanchin( of the contralateral side.

• :he color chan(e develops suddenly andpersists for 1 seconds to 21 minutes.

• 7t resolves ith increased muscleactivity or cryin(.


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• :his phenomenon a&ects up to +1

percent of full-term infants, but it often(oes unnoticed because the infant isbundled.

•

7t occurs most commonly durin( thesecond to /fth day of life and maycontinue for up to three ee's.

• 0arleuin color chan(e is thou(ht to be

caused by immaturity of thehypothalamic center that controls thedilation of peripheral blood vessels.


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Mon!olian S$ots

• Appear as blue)(ray macules ithoutde/nite borders.

• ;reuently seen on sacral re(ions orshoulders.

• ue to delayed disappearance of dermalmelanocytes.

• Spots typically fade ithin /rst fe years of

life, ith ma


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Suc%in! &listers

• =ullae either intact or erosionsithout in%ammatory borders

• May occur over the forearms, rists,thumbs or upper lips.

• Results from vi(orous suc'in( inutero

• Resolve ithout complications


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Dia$er Can'i'iasis

• >ery common diaper rash,characteried by a red, raised rash ithsmall raised and infected areas around

the periphery called satellite lesions .• @tiolo(y is usually irritation or

seborrheic dermatitis that can become

secondarily infected ith Candida .• *ommonly seen in infancy durin(

periods of diaper earin(.


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• *an be minimied by 'eepin( diaperarea clean, as dry as possible, ithfreuent diaper chan(es and topical

a(ents such as poders.

• :reatment ith topical nystatin,miconaole, or clotrimaole is

sucient.


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Than% (ou

Download - Common Neonatal Dermatological Conditions

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