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Chapter 1
Databases Introduction
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The content 1).Database Application
2).Database concept
3).An example of database
4).Function of DBMS
5).DBMS product Difficulty: the function of DBMS
Focus on: the concept of DBMS
Hours:2 hours
Teaching way: ppt
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Database Application
Databases touch all aspects of our lives Banking: all transactions Airlines: reservations, schedules Universities: registration, grades Sales: customers, products, purchases Online retailers: order tracking, customized
recommendations Manufacturing: production, inventory, orders, supply chain Human resources: employee records, salaries, tax
deductions
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Database concept
1) Data Used to describe the world. can be recorded and have implicit meaning. Data can exist in a variety of forms -- as numerical
numbers, letters, text, image, sound, video and etc.
Data can be stored ,processed, transmitted. Example:
( Tom,male, 1992, Chang Sha, computer specialty, 2010)
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Database concept
2) Database it’s nothing more than a collection of related data
that exists over a long period of time.
Student table index name age gender major year
95004 Lily 19 f computer
95
95006 Tom 20 m medicine
95
95008 Lucy 18 f law 95
… … … … … …
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Example of Data and Database
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Sizes of Database Personal database
1 user; < 10 MB Workgroup database
< 25 users; < 100 MB Organizational database
Hundreds to thousands users >1 Trillion bytes, possibly several databases
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Database concept
3) DBMS A collection of programs that enables you to store,
modify, protect,manage and extract information from a database.
There are many different types of DBMSs, ranging from small systems that run on personal computers to huge systems that run on mainframes.
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DBMS functionality
Definition Define a database involves defining the data types, structur
es, and constraints for the data to be stored in the database.
Manipulation Manipulating a database includes such functionsas querying the database to retrieve specific data, updating th
e database to reflect changes in the miniworld
Sharing Sharing a database allowsmultiple users and programs to access the database concurre
ntly.
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DBMS functionality
Protection includes both system protection
against hardware or software malfunction (or crashes), and security protection against
unauthorized or malicious access.
Maintenance
Such as inputting and transferring of Data, DB backup and recovery, performance monitoring, audit and analysis etc.
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Database System (DBS) 4) Database System (DBS).
DB, DBMS, Development Tools, DB applications, DB Administrator (DBA) and users
DB
OS
DBMS
Developing Tools
DB applications
User User
DBA Hardware
Operating System
DBMS, Compiling System
Developing Tools
Application Systems
DBMS in Computer System
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A simplified database system environment.
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A specific example A database that stores
student and course information.
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A specific example A database that stores
student and course information.
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A specific example A database that stores
student and course information.
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A specific example Two views derived from the database
in Figure (a) The STUDENT TRANSCRIPT view. (b) The COURSE
PREREQUISITES view.
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3 DBMS Product VFP、ACCESS
MYSQL、HOSTSQL
ORACLE
SQL SERVER
SYSBASE
INFORMIX
INGRES
DB2
OS DOS
WIN98
Linux all windows
all all all AS/400
company
MS ORACLE
MS SYSBASE
informix
IBM
time 80’s 90’s 1979 1994 1987 1988 1975
capacity
usual usual good good good good good good
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The DBMS Marketplace Relational DBMS companies – Oracle, SybaseOracle, Sybase – are among the larg
est software companies in the world. IBM offers its relational DB2DB2 system. With IMS, a nonrelational syste
m, IBM is by some accounts the largest DBMS vendor in the world. Microsoft offers SQL-ServerSQL-Server, plus Microsoft AccessMicrosoft Access for the cheap DB
MS on the desktop, answered by “lite” systems from other competitors.
Relational companies also challenged by “object-oriented DB” companies.
But countered with “object-relational” systems, which retain the relational core while allowing type extension as in OO systems.
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Summary
From this lecture you can learn the basic concept of database such as DB,DBS,DBMS and the differences between them ,the function of DBMS and the history of data processing and via an example you can master these concept better.
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Any Questions?If there are any outstanding questions you can ask me one-to-one after the lecture OR privately in my office.
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Exercises
What are the definitions of data ,DB,DBMS,DBS,DBA?
Go to search the internet and find out the tendency of database.
Learn MS Access by yourself.