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1. Identify several major developments andtrends in the industries, technologies
and business applications of
telecommunications and Internettechnologies.
2. Provide examples of the business valueof Internet, intranet, and extranet
applications.
Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
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Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives
. Identify the basic components,functions, and types of
telecommunications net!or"s used in
business.
#. $xplain the functions of major types of
telecommunications net!or" hard!are,soft!are, media, and services.
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%hy &tudy 'et!or"ing(
%hy &tudy 'et!or"ing(
) %hen computers are net!or"ed, t!oindustries * computing and
communications * converge, and the
result is vastly more than the sum of theparts.
) &uddenly, computing applications becomeavailable for business+to+business
coordination and commerce, and for small
as !ell as large organiations.
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-ase 1/ %ireless 0usiness pplications
-ase 1/ %ireless 0usiness pplications
Business Value of Wireless:) ime is money. Poc"et P-s help reduce
travel time at -elanese -hemicals relatedto plant e3uipment diagnosis.
) 4idelity Investments attracts customers byoffering services via !ireless devices.
) 56 uses !ireless devices to improvefor"lift operator productivity and cut costs.
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-ase 1/ %ireless 0usiness pplications
-ase 1/ %ireless 0usiness pplications
1. %hat is the business value of !irelesstechnologies in the chemicals and automotive
manufacturing industries( %hat other
manufacturing applications might benefit from
!ireless technologies( %hy(
2. %hat are some of the business benefits of
!ireless technologies in finance andinvestments( %hat other applications !ould
you recommend( %hy( -hec" the !ebsite
of 4idelity.com to help you ans!er.
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-ase 1/ %ireless 0usiness pplications
-ase 1/ %ireless 0usiness pplications
. %hat are some of the business benefits andchallenges of using !ireless technologies in
retailing( %hat are some other applications
that might be beneficial to consumers, as !ell
as retailers( %hy(
#. %hat are some of the major challenges
limiting the !idespread use of !irelesstechnologies in many business applications(
%hat can be done to meet such challenges(
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elecommunicationselecommunications
7efinition/) he exchange of information in any form
8voice, data, text, images, audio, video9
over net!or"s
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Open &ystemsOpen &ystems
7efinition/) Information systems that use common
standards for hard!are, soft!are,
applications, and net!or"ing
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-onnectivity-onnectivity
7efinition/) he ability of net!or"ed computers and
other devices to easily access and
communicate !ith each other and shareinformation
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InteroperabilityInteroperability
7efinition/) he ability of an open system to enable
the many different applications of end
users to be accomplished using thedifferent varieties of computer systems,
soft!are pac"ages, and databases
provided by a variety of interconnectednet!or"s
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7igital 'et!or" echnologies7igital 'et!or" echnologies
7efinition/) 7igital transmission technologies that transmit
information in the form of discrete pulses
0enefits/
) :igher transmission speeds
) 6ovement of larger amounts of information
) 5reater economy
) Lo!er error rates
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0usiness ;alue of elecommunications0usiness ;alue of elecommunications
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InternetInternet
7efinition/) net!or" made up of millions of smaller
private net!or"s each !ith the ability to
operate independent of, or in harmony!ith, all the other millions of net!or"s
connected to the Internet
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Internet pplicationsInternet pplications
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0usiness
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0usiness ;alue of the Internet0usiness ;alue of the Internet
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IntranetIntranet
7efinition/ net!or" inside an organiation that
uses Internet technologies to provide an
Internet+li"e environment !ithin theenterprise for information sharing,
communications, collaboration, and the
support of business processes
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0usiness ;alue of Intranets0usiness ;alue of Intranets
) -ommunications and -ollaboration * includesemail, voicemail, paging, faxes, and group!are
) %eb Publishing * easy, attractive and lo!+cost
!ay of publishing and accessing multimediabusiness information
) 0usiness Operations and 6anagement *platform for developing and deploying criticalbusiness applications to support businessoperations and managerial decision ma"ingacross the inter+net!or"ed enterprise
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0usiness ;alue of Intranets0usiness ;alue of Intranets
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$xtranet$xtranet
7efinition/) 'et!or" lin"s that use Internet
technologies to interconnect the intranet
of a business !ith the intranets of itscustomers, suppliers, or other business
partners
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0usiness ;alue of $xtranets0usiness ;alue of $xtranets
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-ase 2/ &erving -itiens !ithout %ires-ase 2/ &erving -itiens !ithout %ires
MEMA Tecnolo!ies:) 5lobal+positioning satellite
communications
) -ellular phones) 5eospatial technologies
) 6icroelectronics technologies
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-ase 2/ &erving -itiens !ithout %ires-ase 2/ &erving -itiens !ithout %ires
"ea#ures:) device to communicate !arnings to
properly position individuals before an
event happens
) tool to collect timely information after a
disaster hits
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-ase 2/ &erving -itiens !ithout %ires-ase 2/ &erving -itiens !ithout %ires
1. %hat is the business value of advancedmobile technologies to 6aryland=s emergency
management services(
2. In !hat other government services could 5P&
serve to provide business value( 5ive some
examples.
. re there disadvantages or ris"s associated
!ith the deployment of 5P& systems to
monitor the location of people( $xplain.
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-ase 2/ &erving -itiens !ithout %ires-ase 2/ &erving -itiens !ithout %ires
#. %hat is the business value of thevarious applications of 5P& satellite
net!or"s beyond those discussed in the
case( -hec" out the !ebsites ofsatellite services providers li"e :ughes
'et!or" &ystems 8!!!.hns.com9 or 5+
-om International 8!!!.g+com.com9 to
help you ans!er.
http://www.hns.com/http://www.g-com.com/http://www.g-com.com/http://www.hns.com/
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elecommunications 'et!or" -omponentselecommunications 'et!or" -omponents
)erminals * any input>output device that usestelecommunications net!or"s to transmit or receive data
) elecommunications Processors * devices that performcontrol and support functions
) elecommunications -hannels * media over !hich dataare transmitted and received
) -omputers * all sies and types
) elecommunications -ontrol &oft!are * programs thatcontrol telecommunications activities
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elecommunications 'et!or" -omponentselecommunications 'et!or" -omponents
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ypes of elecommunications 'et!or"sypes of elecommunications 'et!or"s
) %ide rea 'et!or" 8%'9 * net!or" thatcovers a large geographic area
) Local rea 'et!or" 8L'9 * net!or" connecting
information processing devices !ithin a limitedphysical area
) ;irtual Private 'et!or" 8;P'9 * secure net!or"
that uses the Internet as its main bac"bonenet!or", but relies on net!or" fire!alls,encryption, and other security features of itsInternet and intranet connections and those ofparticipating organiations
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L' ? ;P'L' ? ;P'
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ypes of elecommunications 'et!or"sypes of elecommunications 'et!or"s
) -lient>&erver * P-s and !or"stations, calledclients are interconnected by local areanet!or"s and share application processing !ithnet!or" servers
) 'et!or" -omputing * hin clients provide abro!ser+based user interface for processingsmall application programs
) Peer+to+Peer * file+sharing soft!are connectseach P- to a central server or to another onlineuser=s P-
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-lient>&erver -lient>&erver
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-lient>&erver ? 'et!or" -omputing-lient>&erver ? 'et!or" -omputing
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Peer+to+Peer Peer+to+Peer
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Peer+to+Peer Peer+to+Peer
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elecommunications 6ediaelecommunications 6edia
) !isted+Pair %ire * copper !ire t!istedinto pairs
) -oaxial -able * sturdy copper oraluminum !ire !rapped !ith spacers toinsulate and protect it
) 4iber Optics * one or more hair+thinfilaments of glass fiber !rapped in aprotective jac"et
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elecommunications 6ediaelecommunications 6edia
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%ireless echnologies%ireless echnologies
) errestrial 6icro!ave * earthboundmicro!ave systems that transmit high+
speed radio signals in a line+of+sight path
bet!een relay stations spaced
approximately @ miles apart
) -ommunications &atellites + high+earthorbit communications satellites placed in
stationary geosynchronous orbits
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%ireless echnologies%ireless echnologies
) -ellular and P-& &ystems * a geographic areadivided into cells !ith one lo!+po!er transmitter
device per cell used to relay calls from one cell
to another
) %ireless L's *high+ or lo!+fre3uency radio
technology installed in an office or building
) %ireless %eb * !ireless, %eb+enabled
information appliances accessing the Internet,
intranets and extranets
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elecommunications Processorselecommunications Processors
) 6odems * convert digital signals from acomputer into analog fre3uencies that can
be transmitted over ordinary telephone
lines
) 6ultiplexers * allo!s a single
communications channel to carrysimultaneous data transmissions from
many terminals
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elecommunications echnologieselecommunications echnologies
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Internet!or" ProcessorsInternet!or" Processors
) &!itch * ma"es connections bet!eentelecommunications circuits in a net!or"
) Aouter * intelligent communications processor
that interconnects net!or"s based on differentprotocols
) :ub * a port s!itching communications
processor
) 5ate!ay * connects net!or"s using differentcommunications architectures
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'et!or" 6anagement'et!or" 6anagement
) raffic 6anagement * manage net!or"resources and traffic to avoid congestion
and optimie telecommunications service
levels to users
) &ecurity * provide authentication,
encryption, fire!all, auditing andenforcement
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'et!or" 6anagement'et!or" 6anagement
) 'et!or" 6onitoring * troubleshoot and!atch over the net!or", informing net!or"
administrators of potential problems
before they occur
) -apacity Planning * survey net!or"
resources and traffic patterns and users=needs to determine ho! best to
accommodate the needs of the net!or"
as it gro!s and changes
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'et!or" opologies'et!or" opologies
) &tar * ties end user computers to acentral computer
) Aing * ties local computer processorstogether in a ring on a relatively e3ual
basis
) 0us * local processors share the same
communications channel
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'et!or" rchitectures ? Protocols'et!or" rchitectures ? Protocols
) Protocol * standard set of rules and proceduresfor the control of communications in a net!or"
) 'et!or" rchitecture * the use of standard
protocols, standard communications hard!areand soft!are interfaces and the design of a
standard multilevel interface bet!een end users
and computer systems !ith the goal of
promoting an open, simple, flexible, and efficient
telecommunications environment
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O&I ? -P>IP 6odelsO&I ? -P>IP 6odels
) Open &ystems Interconnection 8O&I9 +model is a seven+layer model that serves
as a standard model for net!or"
architectures
) ransmission -ontrol Protocol > Internet
Protocol 8-P>IP9 * is a five layertelecommunications protocol used by the
Internet
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0and!idth0and!idth
7efinition/) -lassification of communications speed
and capacity of telecommunications
net!or"s
ransmission Aates/
) 'arro!+band * lo!+speed) 0roadband * high+speed
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ransmission &peedsransmission &peeds
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&!itching lternatives&!itching lternatives
) -ircuit &!itching * a s!itch opens acircuit to establish a lin" bet!een a
sender and receiverB it remains open until
the communication session is completed
) 6essage &!itching * a message is
transmitted a bloc" at a time from ones!itching device to another
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-ase / %i+4i 'et!or"s-ase / %i+4i 'et!or"s
$allen!es:) :it+or+miss hotspots
) Lost productivity due to disruptions
) 6ust create billing systems) 6ust establish technical standards
) 6ust develop tighter security measures
-
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-ase / %i+4i 'et!or"s-ase / %i+4i 'et!or"s
1. %hat are the business benefits of %i+4inet!or"s(
2. %hat are some of the problems faced by
companies !ho are using %i+4i net!or"s(%hat are some solutions to those problems(
. %hat are some other business uses for %i+4inet!or"s not mentioned in this case( %hat
are their business benefits and challenges(
- # ; i O IP
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-ase #/ ;oice Over IP-ase #/ ;oice Over IP
%er&ices:) -ombine email !ith voicemail
) udio+conferencing
) -ollaboration technologies) ;ideo
- # ; i O IP
- # ; i O IP
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-ase #/ ;oice Over IP-ase #/ ;oice Over IP
Benefi#s:) Install one line to carry voice and data
) Aeduced staff training
) Improved productivity
- # ; i O IP
- # ; i O IP
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-ase #/ ;oice Over IP-ase #/ ;oice Over IP
1. %hat are the main benefits that can be gainedby companies that s!itch to ;oIP systems(
2. %hat are some of the major cost factors that
may limit a positive rate of return frominvestments in ;oIP projects(
. &hould more companies s!itch to ;oIPsystems( ;isit the !ebsites of vaya and
-isco &ystems to vie! their ;oIP ne!s,
products, and services to help you ans!er.
&
&
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&ummary&ummary
)Organiations are becoming net!or"edenterprises that use the Internet, intranets, and
other telecommunications net!or"s to support
business operations and collaboration !ithin the
enterprise, and !ith their customers, suppliers,and other business partners.
) elecommunications technology is moving
to!ard open, inter+net!or"ed digital net!or"s
for voice, data, video and multimedia.
&
&
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&ummary&ummary
)Open systems !ith unrestricted connectivityusing Internet technologies are the primarytelecommunications technology drivers in e+business systems.
) -ompanies are deriving strategic businessvalue from the Internet, !hich enables them todisseminate information globally, communicateand trade interactively !ith customied
information and services for individualcustomers, and foster collaboration of peopleand integration of business processes !ithin theenterprise and !ith business partners.
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$nd of -hapter
-hapter
C-hapter
C