CFI Safety SeminarMay 30, 2006
7-9 PMHillsboro FSDO
BFR Requirements
• One hour (or more) ground review of general operating and 14CFR91 rules.
• One hour (or more) flight review of maneuvers and procedures.
• If successful, CFI written logbook entry as shown in AC61.56E
• CFI should keep a written record of what was covered and results.
Unsuccessful Result
• Candidate must understand and believe that the performance was sub-par.
• Candidate must understand and agree that standards articulated are reasonable and appropriate.
• Otherwise, candidate will find an “easier” CFI to get the BFR.
Scenario-Based Training (SBT)
• Training is more effective, if– It is realistic and authentic
• Effective scenarios evaluate– Situational awareness– Systems understanding– Decision making– Aircraft control
Creating a scenario
• Determine what skills will be evaluated
• Define where in a flight those skills are used
• Script the scenario to create the proper situation
• Define open-ended questions to stimulate thought and decision-making
Determine what skills will be evaluated
• What is the pilot’s normal flight “mission”– Local, long x-country, $100 hamburger
• What are the boundary skills to the flight– Common ones can be constantly evaluated
• Where does the pilot want to improve?– Flight review is a training opportunity– Flight review is NOT a test
• Other skill needs may appear during the review
Where are specific skills used in a flight?
• Preflight
• Ground maneuvers and take-off
• Climb-out and enroute
• Navigation and altitude selection
• Alternates and weather
• Airport approach and landing
• Securing and debrief
Script the scenario
• What will you simulated and how
• What will occur “naturally”
• Is the order of “events” realistic
• Will the workload overload the pilot
• Is it safe
• How will you introduce the event
Creating open-ended questions
• The answer should not be Yes/No
• There may not be a “Right” answer
• Good questions often begin with– How– Why– What– When
Practice
• Flight review scenario– Pilot does frequent, long xc– Pilot flies alone on most trips– VFR only– Owner aircraft (you are familiar with the model
and equipment)– Destinations are major metropolitan areas
Skills to evaluate
• Weather and trip planning• Passenger briefing• Enroute weather analysis• Effects of various system malfunctions• Selecting appropriate alternate airports• Approach and landings at non-towered
airports• Short/rough field landing
Scenario creation
• Destination Boise, Idaho• T-Storm build-up over eastern Oregon
– Introduced by statement
• Electrical system failure (simulated)– Turn off various pieces of equipment as identified by
pilot or declare them inop
• Ask various questions to determine that pilot understands the need for diversion
• Evaluate decision process for selecting airport
Typical questions
• How can we check the weather enroute?– Have them demonstrate call to EFAS or
monitoring HIWAS or perhaps XM– Declare t-storms built up across route of flight
• Now what are our choices?
• Why would you do that?
Summary
• SBT is a more effective training process– It can also be fun
• For the CFI it takes – Preparation – collect information– Planning – organize the scenario– Practice – try it on every flight
