DR.T.V.RAO MD
e-Learning Resources for
Medical Colleges in INDIA
Learning is…
Learning is the sharing or transfer of information between two parties. Over the course of time, many modalities and theories about learning have been elucidated with varying degrees of effectiveness
Today’s Students are intelligent, can adopt to Newer Technologies faster
Learning to e-learning E-learning is
also called Web-based learning, online learning, distributed learning, computer-assisted instruction, or Internet-based learning
Computers and Medical Education
Computers are increasingly used in medical education. Electronic learning (e-learning) is moving from textbooks in electronic format (that are increasingly enhanced by the use of multimedia adjuncts) to a truly interactive medium that can be delivered to meet the educational needs of students and postgraduate learners
Computers and Medical Education
Computers are increasingly used in medical education. Electronic learning (e-learning) is moving from textbooks in electronic format (that are increasingly enhanced by the use of multimedia adjuncts) to a truly interactive medium that can be delivered to meet the educational needs of students and postgraduate learners
Advantages of Computers in Education
Computer technology can present reliable, reusable content in a format that is convenient to the learner. It can be used to transcend geographical boundaries and time zones
Computer enters the Class Room
With increasing prevalence of computers in and out of the classroom and the development of more sophisticated web-based tools, knowledge transfer is increasing going high-tech
Foundation of Medical Education
Medical education had as its foundation a combination of didactic instruction in the classroom and integrated, hands-on "Socratic Method" learning in the clinical setting.
Medical Education Bogged with Problems
Medical education, in India apart from several Developing Nations especially in the advances stages of training, has many unique problems such as the temporal and geographic distribution of students, residents, and the physician instructors. Further complications result from unpredictable schedules that are present in most areas of medicine leading to poorly attended or cancelled lectures.
Didactic lectures The problems with
traditional didactic lectures is that they often present information that targets one of the many learning style of the students involved. In addition, the time and resources required to deliver the material is high and often does not completely meet the needs of those who are participating
Knowledge Transfer a Growing Challenge
Effective knowledge transfer is of paramount importance for the maintenance and advancement of our health care system
E-learning is Multidimensional E-learning adds
many dimensions to the educational process and if utilized well, has the potential to enhance both the students and instructors educational experience.
India needs a Great ChangeYoung Doctors are our great resource
We live in a time and age where information technology is a part of every field in everyone's life In India bright young minds have to be inspired to incorporate technology with academics. The future of modern education begins here, with the minds of the future doctors. You are the ones who will aspire to be ahead of your time.
Computer Technology Computer technology, more specifically web-
based tools open the door for collaboration amongst students and teachers, the development of updated, web-based learning platforms that are easy to use from a student and a teacher prospective. Medical education is beginning to embrace a new modality of knowledge transfer e-learning. Web-based, multimedia learning platforms bring about numerous possibilities not easily met with traditional didactic instruction
e-learning becomes Commercial
Many companies producing medical technology offer product details online - sometimes combined with E-learning courses. Whereas the main focus lies on guides to using their devices, some medical further training classes can be found.
e-learning helps in Interactive Skills
Centres on the production of interactive scenarios that allow trainees to develop and practice the key skills outlined in the curriculum by dealing with life-like cases. Trainees will make differential diagnoses and develop management plans to tackle these cases
Newer learning becomes easier with e-learning
The outcomes of the cases depend on the actions of trainees. These scenarios will also provide the opportunity for trainees to revise key concepts and gain essential new knowledge through linked interactive sessions.
Internet can be Teacher ?
The most demanding role for Internet lies on the availability of products/ services where the consumer led revolution has already made a considerable progress i.e. in the field of education. There are two scope of education learning – teaching and learning in other words training and educating. In a ordered education both has a role in a suitable proportion
New technologies helps in easier Learning
All the Medical Students having received basic information proceeds to flourish into self-learning and eventually understand with the ongoing process of exploration and discovery.
e-learning overcomes the newer challenges in education
Demand for technical and professional education is rising with advent of the society to be prepared for the next century challenges of the universe. Evolution through adaptation or adoption of technology is the only successful answer for this preparation
Pedagogy and Technology can be a right combination
Pedagogy and technology always maintains a closed cycle between them. Sometimes pedagogy invents technology and sometimes uses it.
Advantages of e-learning
1 Availability of more reliable and cheaper means.
2 Ensure the understanding or learning process.
3 Exploiting the available resources fully. 4. Incorporate with traditional way of
teaching. 5 Make a conducive environment. 6. Pre-services, in-services and post services
training and development strengthened to cover effective use of materials.
Advantages of e-learning
7 Develop a participatory program approaches.
8 Easy Incorporation of commercial/ private players in the field.
9 Incorporation of Academics, Research Institutes, student representatives.
10 Flexibility in the e-learning programs like availability of special classes, assisting faculty, print materials and so on.
PRESENT SCENERIO IN INDIAe-health resources
Symbiosis center of Healthcare Pune has successfully implemented e-learning and is offering Post graduate courses in Medico-legal and Healthcare Management enabling e-learning doctors, nurses and other medical related professionals from all over the globe are currently able to get their Post Graduate Degree from the comfort of their own place
GlaxoSmithKline GlaxoSmithKline has licensed part of
Ingenuity Pathways Knowledge Base to facilitate genome-wide computational analysis of biological systems underlying diseases. There are lots of sources of biological content out there, but nothing is of the breadth (genome-scale) and quality (human curated information) of our offering
WHO provides several resources in Health Information
Development of various online medical libraries like WHO-discussion forum, Health Information of India providing Health Online Library.
Future Education will be supported by Multimedia tools
. The ability to engage many facets of a student using multimedia material has the added advantage of covering the many learning styles present in the diverse student population in the medical field
e-learning empowers Students and Teacher too…
The use of multimedia coupled with the tracking of effectiveness and collaboration of both students and faculty leads to a platform that continues to evolve in both effectiveness and efficiency
Several Resources on www strengthen e-learning
E-learning is widely used in medical education and becomes more important every year. Networm (www.networm-online.net) is an initiative of several universities with the aim to develop and disseminate case-based e-learning for international use in undergraduate, postgraduate and continuing medical education.
E-learning saves time of Teacher and Student
Compared to the conventional system the most important advantages of teaching by multimedia tools are both self-determination in learning time and method and their interactivity. The user is able to determine the intensity of his learning process himself.
e-learning creates enthusiasm
e-learning has the advantage of being able to study apart from time and place and students are more enthusiastic about
Medical Colleges in INDIA
Majority of the medical colleges were established in the 50s & 60s by the state and the central government. But since 1980s many private colleges emerged all across India. The quality and the standard of the medical institutes are looked after by Medical Council of India. The body has presently recognized several Indian medical schools which has the total capacity to educate > 31298 students.
Poor infrastructure and quality of Teachers hampering the Medical Colleges
In spite of the presence of all the regulatory mechanisms, barring few, most of the medical colleges across the country are grossly lacking competent teachers, well stocked library leave aside adequate teaching material
Overcoming the Problems???
In order to bridge the knowledge gap few tertiary level academic medical institutions took interest in developing pilot studies by networking peripheral medical colleges with broad band satellite and ISDN link and providing need based educational content in an interactive videoconference mode
India growing concern with Medical Education
. The growing criticism that our medical colleges are producing graduates who are not well equipped to tackle the health car needs of the society
While the graduates generally possess reasonably sound knowledge of medical science, they are often found deficient in the performance of clinical skills and problem-solving which form the core of clinical competence
Our Curriculum stuffed with theoretical
Ideas ??? The medical colleges in India have traditionally followed a curriculum stuffed with a large body of knowledge pertaining to basic science and clinical disciplines. Once qualified, students are expected to synthesise this information and apply it to the care of the patients. With the expanding body of knowledge, there is over-burdening of the student with the content information.
Commercialisation of Medical Profession
The commercialisation of medical profession is cited as a common reason for the dilution of quality, doubts have been raised regarding the quality of training.
Can we solve the Problems in Medical Education
The ultimate problem in medical education is a crisis of leadership. Until education is given a priority status and the obligations to teach on the part of medical educators and to learn on the part of students are translated into a creative policy by those who can lead, the wheels of learning will continue to spin without significant progress.
e-learning can reduce the present crisis in Medical
Education Formation, devolvement and updation of data
material/ information available in continuation and progressive series for the use.
Support to the flow and reception (ensure the best utilization)
Taking continuous feedback and action accordingly for further improvement.
Reduce the unit cost of education at a time of -expansion of educational opportunities. a more customized user-friendly form of learning.
Many advances can achieved with Networking the
communication Advancement in Telecommunications and Information technology provides an opportunity to bridge the knowledge gap by networking academic medical centres of excellence with peripheral medical colleges to practice distance learning in the form of interactive virtual class room, teleconference of operative procedures, accessing library, web enabled teaching activities etc
Can think of Better methods to carry with present system With the phenomenal changes in
educational and information technology, the role of teacher has undergone dramatic changes. He/she is expected to possess skills and abilities to plan the curriculum, make rational use of the media technology and design an assessment strategy
Government of India supports the Institutions with Information Technology
Department of Information Technology and Indian Space Research Organisation of Government of India have now agreed in principle to support setting up a nation wide medical institution network in a phase wise manner.
We can develop our own Educational Content
We should be responsible for developing medical educational contents, hence, will be provided infrastructure for grabbing, editing and storing video materials in the digital format. The content will be shared by all the nodes connected in the network
The network will enable to establish a virtual university as well as a digital library network among the participating medical institutions.
e-learning gaining prominence in India
E-learning or electronic learning in India is gaining prominence slowly, but indeed steadily. This is due to the fact that more than half the population of India today is below 25 years of age and the number of Internet users are growing continuously
Technology rules the World
We are surrounded by technology; we can choose to resist it, or we can embrace it...I choose to embrace it!
Barbara K. Smalla - Technology Support Specialist
Indian Medical Colleges should create Own Digital Library
A digital library is a library in which collections are stored in digital formats (as opposed to print, microform, or other media) and accessible by computers. The digital content may be stored locally, or accessed remotely via computer networks. A digital library is a type of information retrieval system
Several sources available to build Digital Library
Project Gutenberg, Google Book Search, Internet Archive, Cornell University, The Library of Congress World Digital Library, The Digital Library at the University of Michigan, the Greenstone digital library at the University of Waikato, and Carnegie Mellon University's Million Book Project are considered leaders in the field of digital library creation and management
www.medicalstudent.com
www.medicalstudent.com
The site introduces itself as “a digital library of authoritative medical information for all students of medicine.” It offers a starting point for medical resources on the world wide web by selecting representative websites, from scientific ones to the less academic. All the sites are selected by a process of peer review. The home page lacks images and is constructed as a structured list, divided in sections, each containing links to the selected websites.
The website also has a Medical Journal section and a Medical Organizations section, gathering links to many main journals and organisations, respectively, which are thought to be of interest to student If its online medical dictionaries, Internet directories or search engines that you want to find, this website provides you with some options for this as well.
Podcasts are great learning tools
A podcast (or non-streamed webcast) is a series of digital media files (either audio or video) that are released episodically and often downloaded through web syndication. The word usurped webcast in common vernacular, due to rising popularity of the iPod and the innovation of web feeds.
Podcasts are Educative Podcasts enable
students and teachers to share information with anyone anytime. If a student is absent, he or she can download the podcast of the recorded lesson. Teachers may also create podcasts to be used as a preparation tool for students.
Your IPod is not just for music but can be your
Teacher Your I Pod is a
great storage machine , you can carry thousands of Lectures by greatest teachers in the world.
Your intelligent search is the limit
Telehealth and Telemedicine Telehealth is an expansion of telemedicine,
and unlike telemedicine (which more narrowly focuses on the curative aspect) it encompasses preventive, promotive and curative aspects. Originally used to describe administrative or educational functions related to telemedicine, today telehealth stresses a myriad of technology solutions. For example, physicians use email to communicate with patients, order drug prescriptions and provide other health services.
Telehealth Telehealth is the delivery
of health-related services and information via telecommunications technologies. Telehealth delivery could be as simple as two health professionals discussing a case over the telephone, or as sophisticated as using videoconferencing between providers at facilities in two countries, or even as complex as robotic technology.
Definition of Telemedicine ( WHO )
According to World Health Organisation, telemedicine is defined as, “The delivery of healthcare services, where distance is a critical factor, by all healthcare professionals using information and communication technologies for the exchange of valid information for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease and injuries, research and evaluation, and for continuing education of healthcare providers, all in the interests of advancing the health of individuals and their communities”.
Telemedicine Telemedicine is a
rapidly developing application of clinical medicine where medical information is transferred through interactive audiovisual media for the purpose of consulting, and sometimes remote medical procedures or examinations.
Clinical uses of telehealth technologies
Transmission of medical images for diagnosis (often referred to as store and forward telehealth)
Groups or individuals exchanging health services or education live via videoconference (real-time telehealth)
Transmission of medical data for diagnosis or disease management (sometimes referred to as remote monitoring)
Advice on prevention of diseases and promotion of good health by patient monitoring and followup.
Health advice by telephone in emergent cases (referred to as teletriage)
Nonclinical uses of telehealth technologies
Distance education including continuing medical education, grand rounds, and patient education
Administrative uses including meetings among telehealth networks, supervision, and presentations research on telehealth
Online Information and health data management healthcare system integration
Nonclinical uses of telehealth technologies
Healthcare system integration asset identification, listing, and patient to Asset matching, and movement. Overall healthcare system management Patient movement and remote admission
Development of Telemedicine Technology
The Ministry of Communications and Information Technology, Government of India, has classified "Telemedicine" as one of the thrust areas for development in the country. In sync with the policy, the Government initiated a project called "Development of Telemedicine Technology".
Telemedicine of ISRO’s is one of the Best in the World
All Medical Colleges should build, organize own Digital Libraries
© 66
What is a DIGITAL LIBRARY? No single, all-encompassing answer
Several perspectives from different communities - different agendas
Little communication among them Coherent, integrating concept, approach
not yet emerged Complex problems in any approach
Many experiments; many experts & “experts” Highly exiting & volatile area
How digital libraries work
Digital libraries hold metadata records, and sometimes primary content
Have a defined scope of content, intended audience
Metadata describes the resource content, the intended user audience, resource type and other characteristics
Search over metadata and/or primary content to retrieve information about and links to relevant resources
68
Research perspective"Digital libraries are organized collections of
digital information. They combine the structuring and gathering of information, which libraries and archives have always done, with the digital representation that computers have made possible.” Lesk, 1997
“Digital library is a managed collection of information, with associated services, where information is stored in digital formats and accessible over a network.” Arms, 2000
Advantages: Why digital libraries?
Access: brings library to users always available;
better and wider delivery
many libraries now possible to use
Sharing: information resources; linking
Timeliness: easier to keep current
Learning becomes personal
Searching, browsing: use of computer power
Information resources: new forms possible
Services: new & new forms possible
Costs: may save effort, money
India awaiting Digital Book Revolution
e-book can replace old Textbooks An e-book (short for
electronic book and also known as a digital book, eBook, and eBook) is an e-text that forms the digital media equivalent of a conventional printed book, sometimes restricted with a digital rights management system E-books are usually read on dedicated hardware devices known as e-Readers or e-book devices
Medical Council of India should take up
As the Medical Council of India controls, regulates the Infrastrure, staff pattern and training protocols. Should take up the issues related to e-learning, establishing Digital
libraries, Tele Medicine as apriority to overcome the several lacuna in the prevailing situation in the country, as we are preparing
theoretical Doctors and least prepared to practice Medicine on Scientific Basis to
changing demands
