Appendicular Skeleton

Ch. 8

Consists of:

• Shoulder (pectoral) Girdle• Upper extremities• Pelvic Girdle• Lower extremities

Shoulder Girdle• Sternum + clavicle = sternoclavicular joint• Clavicle + scapula = acromioclavicular joint• Scapula held in place by muscle only• Upper limb attached to girdle at shoulder

Shoulder Girdle - Clavicle

• S-shaped bone

Shoulder Girdle – posterior scapula

• Acromion process

• Glenoid cavity

• Spine• Coracoid

process

Shoulder Girdle – anterior scapula

Upper Extremities

• 30 bones each• Humerus, radius, ulna• Carpal bones in wrist• Metacarpals in palm• Phalanges in fingers

Humerus

• Head• Greater tubercle• Lesser tubercle• Deltoid tuberosity• Lateral epicondyle• Medial epicondyle• Capitulum• Trochlea

Radius and Ulna

• Radius– Head– Styloid process – Radial tuberosity

• Ulna– Styloid process

Wrist and Hand

• Carpals• Metacarpals• phalanges

Carpals

Metacarpals and Phalanges

Pelvic Girdle

Pelvic Girdle

• Ilicac crest• Anterior/superior

iliac spine• Acetabulum• Spine of ischium• Obturator formaen• Pubic symphysis

Tortora & Grabowski 9/e 2000 JWS 8-15

Female and Male Skeletons• Male skeleton– larger and heavier– larger articular

surfaces– larger muscle

attachments• Female pelvis– wider & shallower– larger pelvic inlet &

outlet– more space in true

pelvis– pubic arch >90 degrees

Lower Extremities

• 30 bones each• Femur• Patella• Tibia• Fibula• Tarsals• Metatarsals• phalanges

Femur and Patella

• Head• Greater

trochanter• Lesser

trochanter• Lateral

epicondyle• Medial

epicondyle

Tibia and Fibula

• Tibia– Medial and larger– Tibial tuberosity– Lateral condyle– Medial condyle– Medial malleolus

• Fibula– Lateral and smaller– Head– Lateral mealleolus

Tarsals – Metatarsals - Phalanges

• Calcaneus• Talus• Cuboid• Navicular• Cuneiforms