AFRICAAFRICA

AFRICAAFRICA

Plateau (upside down Plateau (upside down pie)pie)

Over 200 million Over 200 million years ago dinosaurs years ago dinosaurs walked through this walked through this continentcontinent

Africa and South Africa and South America were America were connected at one connected at one timetime

4 Regions Of Africa4 Regions Of Africa

NorthNorth WestWest EastEast Central and Central and

SouthernSouthern

NORTH AFRICANORTH AFRICA

Marked by Rocky Marked by Rocky MountainsMountains

Endless Stretches Endless Stretches of desertof desert

Sahara Desert-Sahara Desert-world’s largestworld’s largest

WEST AFRICAWEST AFRICA

Most populated Most populated regionregion

GrasslandsGrasslands Soil is good for Soil is good for

farmingfarming

EAST AFRICAEAST AFRICA

Many Mountains Many Mountains and Plateaus (large and Plateaus (large raised areas of raised areas of mostly level land)mostly level land)

GrasslandsGrasslands HillsHills

CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN AFRICAAFRICA

Flat GrasslandFlat Grassland Thick Rain ForestsThick Rain Forests MountainsMountains SwampsSwamps

Plateau ContinentPlateau Continent

Elevation of land is highElevation of land is high Mt. Kilimanjaro is Mt. Kilimanjaro is

Africa’s tallest Africa’s tallest mountain, 19,341 feetmountain, 19,341 feet

Coastal plains edge the Coastal plains edge the continentcontinent

Escarpment is a steep Escarpment is a steep cliffcliff

The Great Rift Valley- a The Great Rift Valley- a rift is a deep trenchrift is a deep trench

Africa’s RiversAfrica’s Rivers

Useful for Useful for travelingtraveling

Cataracts-rock Cataracts-rock filled rapids, make filled rapids, make it impossible for it impossible for ships to sail to seaships to sail to sea

NILE RIVERNILE RIVER

Longest river in the world, more Longest river in the world, more than 4,000 miles and twice the width than 4,000 miles and twice the width of the U.S.of the U.S.

Excellent farmland surrounds the Excellent farmland surrounds the Nile (overflows its banks)Nile (overflows its banks)

Dam water makes electricityDam water makes electricity Floods make fertile soilFloods make fertile soil

CONGO RIVERCONGO RIVER

Africa’s second largest river (2,900 Africa’s second largest river (2,900 miles)miles)

Flows through the rain forestFlows through the rain forest Tributaries-small rivers and streams Tributaries-small rivers and streams

that flow into larger riversthat flow into larger rivers

NIGER RIVERNIGER RIVER

Africa’s third Africa’s third largest riverlargest river

Provides water for Provides water for farms in the river farms in the river valleyvalley

People make a People make a living catching living catching fishfish

ZAMBEZI RIVERZAMBEZI RIVER

Africa’s fourth largest riverAfrica’s fourth largest river Boats travel this riverBoats travel this river Runs through six countriesRuns through six countries Use strong current to make electricityUse strong current to make electricity Plunges into a canyon, creating Victoria Plunges into a canyon, creating Victoria

FallsFalls Can see the mist and spray from the falls Can see the mist and spray from the falls

almost 40 miles awayalmost 40 miles away

What Influences ClimateWhat Influences Climate

Location near the Location near the equatorequator

How close to large How close to large bodies of waterbodies of water

Major landforms Major landforms affect climateaffect climate

Elevation (height Elevation (height above sea level)above sea level)

ESSAY QUESTIONESSAY QUESTION

CLIMATE IN AFRICACLIMATE IN AFRICA Tropical climate region Tropical climate region

(rainy)(rainy) Usually very hot, but Usually very hot, but

not alwaysnot always Some children NEVER Some children NEVER

see rain see rain Deserts go years Deserts go years

without rainwithout rain Most places have 2 Most places have 2

seasons of winter and seasons of winter and summer in Africasummer in Africa

Methods of FarmingMethods of Farming

Irrigate- to Irrigate- to artificially water artificially water your cropsyour crops

Oasis- a place where Oasis- a place where springs and fresh springs and fresh underground water underground water make it possible to make it possible to support life. Usually support life. Usually in areas that receive in areas that receive little rainfalllittle rainfall

VegetationVegetation

Tropical Rainforests-rains all the time, Tropical Rainforests-rains all the time, trees, plants, and animalstrees, plants, and animals

Tropical Savannas-tall grasses, thorny Tropical Savannas-tall grasses, thorny bushes, scattered trees, dry and wet bushes, scattered trees, dry and wet seasonsseasons

Deserts-hot and very dry,4-8 inches of Deserts-hot and very dry,4-8 inches of rain per year, sand everywhererain per year, sand everywhere

ESSAY QUESTIONESSAY QUESTION

NomadsNomads Make their living in the Make their living in the

SaharaSahara Move around to make a Move around to make a

livingliving They are traders and herders They are traders and herders

who hunt foodwho hunt food Travel to places for water Travel to places for water

and foodand food Herds of goats, camels, and Herds of goats, camels, and

sheepsheep No sunscreen, they use long, No sunscreen, they use long,

loose robs loose robs

Health ProblemsHealth Problems

Disease is Disease is everywhereeverywhere

Insects carrying Insects carrying diseasesdiseases

Tsetse fly-kills cattle Tsetse fly-kills cattle with a single bite and with a single bite and brings the disease of brings the disease of sleeping sickness to sleeping sickness to humanshumans