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Administering Angels
International response to the 1915 Serbian Typhus Epidemic
Administering Angels
Angela Bowen PotterIUPUI- WIMPS PresentationSeptember 30, 2014Kathleen BurkeScottish Women's HospitalAdministering Angels
Administering Angel
Angels of Mercy
Organized Women
http://www.nwhm.org/media/category/exhibits/progressiveera/strikes2.jpg5Typhus Epidemic 1915
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6Administering Angels In Action
International Humanitarian Response to TyphusFirst Missions3 Plans developedTyphus DefeatedRetreat of MissionsSerbia Typhus Epidemic 1915International Humanitarian Relief ProjectConference PaperDigital MapDigital Timeline
Serbia 1914
The Balkan Campaigns 1914
2nd Balkan CampaignDecember 1914 1st Balkan CampaignJuly 1914Allied View of Serbia
Serbian Red Cross
1914 Efforts
1914 British EffortsFlora SandesBritish Volunteer with Mrs. Grujic 9/1914
First SRF Assistance 11/1914
Serbian relief Fund
British Red Cross in SerbiaBRX in Skopje, 1915BRX in Skopje, 1915
American Red Cross
Typhus Raise its Ugly HeadDecember 1914
Typhus Cases January-march 1915
Typhus EpidemicNew Discoveries
Typhus
the gravity of the SituationJanuary 1915
Russian Images of Typhus
Scottish womens Hospitals: send us where we are most neededJanuary 1915Telegraph, January 1915
Fundraising, January 1915
Valjevo Sort the Living From the DeadEmily Simmons, ARC
French Missions
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26Developing a Coordinated Plan?1. Skopje Plan- February 1915British Red Cross, Serbian Relief Fund and Serbian Civilian GovernmentMedical and Public Health Missions2. RAMC Plan- February 1915British Royal Army Medical Corps, British Government and Serbian MilitaryPublic Health & Education3. Paris Plan- March 1915French, American and British Red Crosses and governmentDivide Serbia into districts, with American and Brattish sectors
Skopje Plan- February 1915Dr. Katherine McPhail, SWH
British Red Cross, Serbian Relief Fund and Serbian Civilian GovernmentMedical and Public Health Missions
Berry Mission
RAMC Plan- February 1915British Royal Army Medical Corps, British Government and Serbian Military Public Health & Education
RAMC Plan- February 1915
Scottish Womens HospitalsDr. Elise Inglis
Serbian Relief FundMarch 1915Claire Stobart
First Field Flying Hospital
Serbian Sanitary Relief CommissionAmerican red Cross and Rockefeller Foundation
French meetingMarch, 30 1915
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March 30, 1915
April 1915
SWHSummer 1915
Public Health Education
Fall 1915Before
After
Fall 1915
November & December 1915- retreat
RetreatIn SerbiaRemembering the Epidemic
Remembering the EpidemicSWHSRF
ConclusionsEarly example of a large scale international humanitarian effort.Mission advanced the state of medical research and type of response to epidemics. Used later in the war. Missions developed a new format of combining medical missions with public health efforts.Response built broader commitments to the Serbian Front.Demonstrated that women could serve on the front lines as doctors and nurses.Analysis of the administration of the efforts show the role of World War I in the way relief administered. Shows the need of a lead agency to coordinate the effort. New Administering Angel?Ernest Bicknell
In Constantinople in 1919 with Rockefeller Administration48Administering Angel
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