dornier 228 multirole facts & figures

Dornier 228 Multirole (MR)Facts & Figures

2 | Facts & Figures

Overview

Specifications0

Operations SupportPage 46

PerformancePage 22

ContentsPage 48

MissionsPage 4

Sensors and Mission SystemsPage 36

Facts & Figures | 3

PerformancePage 22

Main WingPage 26

Glass Cockpit0

Certification BasisPage 23

Construction and FuselagePage 24

Engines and PropellersPage 28

Sensors and Mission SystemsPage 36

4 | Facts & Figures

A challenging environment – Discharge and spill of oil from ships, especially tankers – Increased demand in Search and Rescue (SAR) – High economic damages caused by piracy (4.9 to 8.3 billion US$ in 2010) – Continuously increasing illegal immigration due to political and social instability – Enforcement of international Individual Fishing Quotas (IFQs)

Environmental & Pollution Control SAR

FIsheries Monitoring

Maritime Patrol

The Dornier 228 is the platform of choice for special mission operations taking place between low level and 10,000 ft. Military and government law enforce-ment organisations operate the Dornier 228 worldwide for maritime patrol (pollution control, search and rescue, border control, fishery patrol), research flights, surveillance and reconnaissance, and light transport operations (cargo, paratrooper, passenger, medevac).

Missions

Mission Challenges

Law Enforcement/Border Control

Facts & Figures | 5

A challenging environment – Increase demand in MedEvac operations – A wide range of runway surfaces (remote airstrips) – Famine – Providing food to people in hard-to-access regions – An increasing number of global catastrophes – Disease control – Water scarcity

Light Transport

Cargo Paratrooper

MedEvacPassenger

6 | Facts & Figures

Facts & Figures | 7

Missions

Multirole Platform

Best platform in its class

Operational advantages – Speed performance: high speed cruise and range of operating speeds – Endurance: up to 10 hours loitering – Range: well in excess of 1000 Nm with a significant payload – Productivity and flexibility: largest payload/range envelope

Economic advantages – Lowest fuel consumption per Nm – Lowest operating cost per Nm

Mission advantages – Equipment installation flexibility – large square cabin cross-section – UNIVERSAL® military grade avionics

Payload advantages – PAX space/seating comfort in individual seats – Cargo transportation volume and loading – Cargo/PAX versatility – Quick swap cargo door

The Dornier 228 is the most advanced aircraft in its class, offering unsurpassed effectiveness and efficiency with superb versatility. This is why authorities all over the world count on it when it comes to demanding special missions of various kinds.

Key features are the long range, high utilization rates and high payload – and all this at impressively low operational costs. With the aircraft‘s state-of-the-art technology, pilots are able to maintain superior situational awareness throughout the most demanding missions. No other plane in this category combines safety and efficiency to the level offered by the Dornier 228.

8 | Facts & Figures

Missions

Mission Match – All Around the World

Central Command for Maritime Emergencies Germany

Royal Thai Navy

Finnish Border Guard “The aircraft’s performance and mission equipment enables us to provide reliable, accurate and real time maritime situational aware-ness to maintaining border and maritime security, and fighting against illegal immigration as well as maritime pollution.”

Colonel Antti Pesari, Commander, Air Patrol Squadron, Finnish Border Guard

“The Dornier 228 is used as a mission aircraft for pollution con-trol in the North and Baltic Sea on a daily basis. For this task the air-craft fulfills all requirements for low level flights and long endur-ance over sea.”

Hans-Werner Monsees, Head of CCME, Cuxhaven

“The Dornier 228 complies with our squadron slogan ‘All Day, all Night, all Purpose’ as we are convinced by its capabilities and easy maintenance. And it is eco-nomical to operate. Every day it is a pleasure to work and fly with it.”

CDR Sanit Kongpetch, Commander of Squadron101, Wing1, Naval Air Division, Royal Thai Fleet

Facts & Figures | 9

Italian Army Aviation

Luftransport AS Norway

DLR Research Flight Facility

“Owing to their versatility and their STOL capability the Dornier 228 have been employed for dif-ferent tasks (passenger transport, cargo) in different environments, including the training of the Ital-ian Army paratroopers unit.”

Lieutenant Colonel Stefano Lagorio, Commander 28° Gr. Sq. AV. ES. “Tucano”

“Atmospheric science and earth observation are the main activi-ties of the DLR research flight fa-cility in Oberpfaffenhofen. The Dornier 228 has been specifically chosen for operations using ra-dar, multispectral and camera in-strumentations.”

Dr. Monika Krautstrunk, Head of Research Flight Facility Oberpfaffenhofen

“Our Dornier 228 has been spe-cially equipped for passenger transport in the arctic climate of Svalbard. It has already proven that it was the right choice for operations under such harsh conditions.”

Stig Naesh, Managing Director, Luftransport AS, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway

10 | Facts & Figures

Missions

Maritime Patrol

Maritime Patrol Mission Profile

The Dornier 228 in customized maritime patrol configuration is the most suitable and economical solution for your mission. The Dornier 228 ergonomics, outstanding field of view, and comfortable environ-ment substantially reduce crew fatigue and workload, thus a high level of vigilance is maintained throughout low level operations and long missions. Our aerodynamic expertise and system integration experience will ensure a seamless integration of your choice of sensors and mission systems, and make the Dornier 228 as cost effective as it gets.

Facts & Figures | 11

Performance features – 8+ hours loitering on station with wing tanks – For crew safety, no fuel tanks fitted in the cabin

– 223 KIAS cruise speed to the area of interest – High manoeuvrability (fighter like roll rate) – Less than 440 lbs total fuel burn per search hour

– Transport Category OEI take-off performance

Platform features – Wide range of possible sensors – Easy sensor installation/integration on the rectangular fuselage and flat bottom

– Large rectangular cabin cross-section that can accommodate all types of consoles

– Large roller door, openable in-flight – On board toilet – Air-conditioning system – High ground clearance for sensor installation (0.76 m, 29 inch)

– 600 A of electrical power – Multi-Mission Management System (MMMS) for FMS with search pattern and tactical waypoints

– Mission Management System duplex communi-cation capability with operator‘s console

– Night Vision Goggle (NVG) capable cockpit (optional)

– Position and size of bubble window for full downward looking view (180° view)

– Retractable gear – offering unobstructed 360° radar scan in flight

– High wing – excellent down view

Bubble window


Missions

Maritime Patrol

Maritime Patrol layout – 2 Operators, 1 Observer, 1 SAR Operator

FWD Baggage Compartment

AFT Baggage Compartment

Wx Radar

0.89 m3

31 cuft (120 kg, 255 lb)

PBE

Data Master Unit

SLAR

Pax Seat (moveable)

Ladder

Operator Console

Operator Seat

Cabin Heater

Roller Door

Oil Spill Sampling Buoy

Pax Seat (moveable)

First Aid Kit Fire Extinguisher

Life Raft

FLIR Cabin Heater

Operator Console

Operator Seat

PBE SLAR

14.7 m3 519 cuft

1.2 m3 42 cuft

(150 kg, 330 lb)

Emergency Exits Baggage compartment Cabin



Wx Radar

0.89 m3

31 cuft (120 kg, 255 lb)

Aft facing Pax Seats Not be used during takeoff and landing

Operator Console

Operator Seat

14.7 m3 519 cuft

1.2 m3 42 cuft

(150 kg, 330 lb)

Lavatory


Maritime Patrol layout – 1 Operator, 8 Passenger Seats, Toilet


The Dornier 228 is «flying flexibility». The aircraft can be quickly re-configured from passenger to cargo transportation layout with minimum personnel.

Missions

Light Transport

Unprepared airfield operation, Nigeria Tensing-Hillary Airport (9100 ft), Lukla, Nepal

Aircraft & performance features – Renown short-field performance – Renown hot and high performance – Unprepared airfield operations – Simple single point refueling in 10 min – Pax/cargo door swap in 15 seconds – Pax to cargo configuration change in about 1h by one person

Pax door

Cargo door


PAX A high standard of passenger comfort is the primary consideration in the Dornier 228 design. The standard cabin consists of 19 individual passenger seats with 30-in pitch and offers airline standard passenger comfort in single seat configuration.

Its rectangular cross-section is the ideal shape for utility applications and provides passengers with ample space at shoulder height, extra passenger headroom and cargo storage. Passengers enter through a passenger door with built-in steps on the LH side of the rear fuselage. An 18 seats layout, with a toilet located aft of the cabin, is also available.

PAX layout – 19 passenger seats

PAX layout – 18 passenger seats, toilet

�


53 in / 1,35 m

12 in 0,35

19.8 in 0,502 m

0.89 m3

31 cuft (120 kg, 255 lb)

14.7 m3 519 cuft

2.6 m3 92 cuft

(210 kg, 460 lb)



5ft 1 in 1,55 m

Dornier 228´- 212 (2-abreast) Twin Otter DHC 6 (3-abreast)

Beech 1900 (2-abreast)

Jetstream 31 (3-abreast) Metro III (2-abreast)

Comparison

��

��

0.89 m3

31 cuft (120 kg, 255 lb)



1.2 m3 42 cuft

(150 kg, 330 lb)

14.7 m3 519 cuft


53 in / 1,35 m

12 in 0,35

19.8 in 0,502 m

5ft 1 in 1,55 m




Comparison

��

��

0.89 m3

31 cuft (120 kg, 255 lb)



1.2 m3 42 cuft

(150 kg, 330 lb)

14.7 m3 519 cuft


53 in / 1,35 m

12 in 0,35

19.8 in 0,502 m

5ft 1 in 1,55 m




Comparison


Missions

Light Transport

Cargo Seats can be quickly removed to convert the cabin for cargo transportation; to ease loading the normal passenger door can be opened sideways, which together with the adjacent door, creates a massive opening for bulky or heavy cargo. Parcels and crates of all sorts can be distributed quickly and easily inside the cabin by means of the integrated roller system. While smaller and lighter cargo items can be secured with nets, bulky and heavier cargo stacked on pallets can be locked on the seat rails.

The rectangular cabin with its 23 ft of usable length significantly eases the transportation of bulky cargo or longer goods. Whatever your cargo may be, a total of 2 tons (512 cu ft) can be transported.

Cargo layout

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000

Payl

oad

[kg

]

Range [NM]

Long Range Speed

Max Cruise Speed

�

�

0.89 m3

31 cuft (120 kg, 255 lb)



Wx Radar

14.7 m3 519 cuft

2.6 m3 92 cuft

(210 kg, 460 lb)



MedEvac The ambulance equipment has been designed to cover different mission aspects. The complete equipment is sectionalized in separate specific modules, which enable quick change, if required, to support the multi purpose operation of the Dornier 228.

In accordance with MedEvac hygienic require-ments, the cabin roof and walls of the Dornier 228 are covered with a polycarbonate lining with a washable surface and can be easily sanitised. The cabin floor is covered with a special washable, anti-skid coating to protect the aircraft’s lower structure against contamination by fluids.

The cabin can be equipped with various combinations of forward and side facing seats and double stretcher as well as intensive care stations. The ambulance transport layout may be easily combined with trooper and paratrooper transport layouts.

MedEvac layout

��



Wx Radar

0.89 m3

31 cuft (120 kg, 255 lb)

14.7 m3 519 cuft

1.2 m3 42 cuft

(150 kg, 330 lb)

Stretcher Stretcher

4 Sideways facing folding Seats Not to be used during takeoff and landing

Forwards facing PAX Seats Used during takeoff and landing Lavatory



0.89 m3

31 cuft (120 kg, 255 lb)

14.7 m3 519 cuft

2.6 m3 92 cuft

(210 kg, 460 lb)



Troopers Lightweight Seat

Roller Door

Wx Radar

Ladder Stowage Anchorline Cable


3 5 7 9 10 12 14 16 19 20 21

1 2 4 6 8 11 13 15 17 18 22

Missions

Light Transport

Paratrooper In this configuration 21 paratroopers and 1 jumpmaster can be transported (limited to 19 parachutists when operated under civil registration).

The paratrooper version is easily changeable to the trooper version by removing the anchor line cable and jump master equipment.

The paratrooper version is characterized by the following equipment: – Side facing, lightweight fold-up troop seats – Roller door with ladder – Anchor line cable – Side wall protection

Paratrooper layout (21 Paratroopers, 1 Jumpmaster)


Aircraft

Specifications

6.29 m (20 ft 8 inch)

1.32 m (4 ft 4 inch)

0.89 m3 31 cuft(120 kg, 255 Ib)

7.08 m (23 ft 6 inch)

Entrance 0.64 m × 1.34 mDoor 2 ft 1 inch × 4 ft 5 inch

Cargo 1.28 m × 1.34 mDoor 4 ft 2 inch × 4 ft 5 inch

Baggage Compartment

Cabin

1.85 m (6 ft 1 inch)

2.6 m3 92 cuft(210 kg, 460 Ib)

1.17 m (4 ft 2 inch)

3,30 m(10 ft 10 inch)

2.54 m (8 ft 4 inch)

16.97 m (55 ft 8 inch)

4.86 m (15 ft 11 inch)

16.56 m (54 ft 4 inch)

14.7 m3 519 cuft

6.29 m (20 ft 8 inch)

1.32 m (4 ft 4 inch)

0.89 m3 31 cuft(120 kg, 255 Ib)

7.08 m (23 ft 6 inch)

Entrance 0.64 m × 1.34 mDoor 2 ft 1 inch × 4 ft 5 inch

Cargo 1.28 m × 1.34 mDoor 4 ft 2 inch × 4 ft 5 inch

Baggage Compartment

Cabin

1.85 m (6 ft 1 inch)

2.6 m3 92 cuft(210 kg, 460 Ib)

1.17 m (4 ft 2 inch)

3,30 m(10 ft 10 inch)

2.54 m (8 ft 4 inch)

16.97 m (55 ft 8 inch)

4.86 m (15 ft 11 inch)

16.56 m (54 ft 4 inch)

14.7 m3 519 cuft

Dimensions

53 in / 1,35 m

12 in 0,35

19.8 in 0,502 m

5ft 1 in 1,55 m


Weights

Weights lb kgMax. take-off weight (MTOW*) 14,110 6,400Max. landing weight 13,448 6,100Max. zero fuel weight (MZFM) 13,095 5,940Operating weight empty (with 2 Pilots) (OWE) 8,598 3,900Mission equipment (incl. operator and console) 1,047 475Max. fuel 4,156 1,885

* e.g. optional MTOW increase to 6,575 kg (14,550 lbs) possible

Principal dimensionsOverall height 15 ft 11 in (4.86 m)Overall length 54 ft 4 in (16.56 m)

WingSpan 55 ft 8 in (16.97 m)Area 344.3 ft2 (32.00 m2)Aspect ratio 9.0Taper ratio 0.7Sweepback of leading edge inboard 0°/outboard 8°

Vertical stabilizerHeight 8 ft 10 in (2.70 m)Area 64.6 ft2 (6.0 m2)Aspect ratio 1.50Taper ratio 0.46Rudder area 16.1 ft2 (1.5 m2)Rudder deflection -24°/+24°

Passenger compartmentOverall length, max. 23 ft 3 in (7.08 m)Maximum width 4 ft 4 in (1.328 m)Maximum height 5 ft 1 in (1.55 m)

Horizontal stabilizerSpan 21 ft 2 in (6.45 m)Area 89.6 ft2 (8.33 m2)Aspect ratio 5.00Taper ratio 1.00Elevator deflection -30°/+25°

AileronsSpan 8 ft 10 in (2.69 m)Area 2×14.5 ft2 (2×1.345 m2)Deflection (Flaps 0°) 25° up / 18° downChord 30%

Doors (height × width)Cockpit door 2 ft 9 in × 2 ft 2 in (0.84 m × 0.65 m)Passenger airstair door 4 ft 5 in × 2 ft 1 in (1.34 m × 0.64 m)Passenger/cargo door 4 ft 5 in × 4 ft 2 in (both door panels are open) (1.34 m × 1.28 m)Baggage door (front) 3 ft 11 in × 1 ft 8 in (1.2 m × 0.5 m)Baggage door (rear) 2 ft 11 in × 1 ft 9 in (0.89 m × 0.53 m)Emergency exits (3) 2 ft 2 in × 1 ft 7 in (0.67 m × 0.48 m)


Aircraft

Performance

Range of take-off distance – 2.600 ft at MTOW, ISA, SL – 3.150 ft at MTOW, ISA+10°C, 2000 ft elevation – 4.000 ft at MTOW, ISA+20°C, 4000 ft elevation

Accelerate stop distance range – 2.500 ft at MTOW, ISA at SL – 3.000 ft at MTOW, ISA+10°C at 2000 ft elevation – 3.600 ft at MTOW, ISA+20°C at 4000 ft elevation

Range of unfactored landing distance – 1.480 ft at MLW, ISA at SL – 1.590 ft at MLW, ISA+10°C at 2000 ft elevation – 1.730 ft atMLW, ISA+20°C at 4000 ft elevation

Climb at ISA, SL conditions – normal 1570 ft/min – single engine 400 ft/min

Speed – max. cruise 223 KIAS – minimum control 74 KIAS

With its Transport Category OEI field performance, control and engine responsiveness and wide range of operational speeds (74 to 223 KIAS), the Dornier 228 ensures safe margins throughout the entire mission envelope.


Certification Basis

The Dornier 228 is the only 3rd-generation aircraft in its class. It has been purposely designed to match the FAR23/CS23 commuter category airworthi-ness standard, which assigns safety margin equivalents to transport category aircraft. Its advanced design provides the Dornier 228 with unmatched per-formance, payload capacity, operational flexibility and efficiency.

The Dornier 228 success is proven by the over four million hours flown to date. Based on continuous improvements and innovations, the Dornier 228 offers a high level of safety, even in its standard version, and is one of the most reliable aircraft in the world with its perfect mix of a mature design and innovative technologies. Due to its advanced aerodynamics, the Dornier 228 is able to match or exceed the STOL performance of competing aircraft at the same payload, all while cruising up to 50 kts faster.


Aircraft

Construction and Fuselage

– Conventional frame/stringer/sheet metal construction with 4 seat rails (Douglas 1 inch)

– Cables and air condition tubing installed

Emergency exits (front right and centre left)

Electronic racks

The structure of the fuselage is a conventional alloy construction (non-pressurized fuselage).

The structure of the wing is new technology. While a conventional wing has a main and a secondary spar, ribs and stringers and sheet metal skin – rivited together – the Dornier 228 wing structure is a box formed from four integrally milled alloy panels. Leading edge is conventional alloy sheet metal with ribs and stringers, trailing edge and Fowler Flaps are made from Kevlar®.

Empenage is conven-tional alloy construction Aerodynamic cowlings (e.g. landing gear) are Kevlar®


Key advantagesSquare cross-section and volume – Allow for large operator console(s) and still guarantee safe egress path

– Floor structure offering several spot for sensors installation without a need for structural reinforcements

– Flat bottom and side for easy sensors inte-gration and low fuselage interference

– Retractable gear allowing for unobstructed 360° radar scan

– Aft cargo area configurable and accessible in flight (drop-hole possible)

– 30 second quick change pax/cargo door – Roller door, capable of in-flight operation (optional)


Aircraft

Main Wing

Airfoil specification

Drag

Lift

Cruise

Climb Cruise

Improvement

Climb Improvement

Do A-5 NACA 23018 GA (W)-1

The outstanding wing design is the key element behind the Dornier 228 best-in-class performance.

– The supercritical profile Do A-5 reduces drag by up to 30%, retains good characteristics in icing conditions, and ensures roll control even in full stalls

– The optimised wing shape keeps secondary drag as low as possible (reduced wing vortex by triangular shape of wing tips)

– The box type structure and the manufacturing process ensure the highest possible accuracy over the life cycle

Wings of excellence: the Wing of New Technology

The high performance wing of the D228 was developed by Dornier as part of the “Wing of New Technology for General Aviation Aircraft“ programme funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. The objective of this program was to improve the performance and effi-ciency of general aviation aircraft at speeds of up to 250 KTAS. The Dornier 228 wing stems directly from this research program, the most radical evolutions being: – Supercritical profile designed specifically for this aircraft (50% laminar flow) – Trapezoidal wing with raked wing tips for enhanced pressure distribution and reduced vortex drag – Integral milled wing panel for structural performance and reduced parasite drag

Performance with the Wing of New Technology was increased by more than 25% overall. Another reason for the better performance is the Fowler Flaps, which ensure an improved take-off and landing performance. Finally, the triangular wing tips ensure a reduction in induced drag and gentle stalling characteristics.


Do A-5 supercritical profile, more than 50% laminar flow

lenap reppu

lenap rewol

wing box

fuel tank

lenap tnorf

lenap raerfron

t sp

ar

rear

spa

r

Fowler Flaps

Kevlar trailing edge

conventional alloy leading edge

The high wing design make the aircraft less prone to FOD and stone damage when operating on un-prepared runways. The wing box, panels and root ribs are integrally milled and serve as the integrated fuel tank. While conventional sheet metal construction is used for the leading edge part, glass-fiber reinforced plastic is used for the trailing edge, outboard wing and wing tips.


Aircraft

Engines and Propellers

The Dornier 228 is currently the most productive, most reliable and most up-to-date aircraft in its class. Even unmatched performances have been improved by the new 5-bladed propeller in combination with the fuel-efficient TPE331-10 engine, resulting in unique and out-standing performances at every phase throughout the flight profile.

Engine data TPE331-10

Dimensions 1080 – 518 – 676 (mm)

(length – width – height) 42.5 – 20.4 – 26.6 (in)

Weight 385 lb

Pressure Ratio 10.55

Power 940 shp

Compressor bleed (max.) 10%

TBO (commercial operation min 800 h/year) 7,000 h

ESFC (Equiv. Specific Fuel Consumption T/O) 0.534 lb/hp-h

Pow

er

N.T.S.

N.T.S.Negative Torque Sensing (N.T.S.) provides automatic and instantaneous prop drag reduction


TPE331 Engine Benefits – Low Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) – Efficient “front-to-rear-flow” turbine design – Very high ram pressure recovery – Low frontal area reducing drag to a minimum – Instantaneous power response in all flight modes

– Automatic torque and ITT limiting system – Automatic start sequence – Simple Engine Anti-Ice System – 940 SHP de-rated to 776 SHP – Flat rated up to ISA + 30°C at SL – Low Direct Maintenance Cost – Time between overhaul up to 7,000 hours – Engine Health Monitoring (optional)

5-bladed Composite Propeller

– Lighter propeller: Reduced stress on the engine and electrical system during start up

– Smaller propeller diameter: Reduced noise and increased ground clearance

– Retrofit ready: EASA STC A.S.02755, MT-Propeller


Cockpit

Glass Cockpit

Key features – Four (4) 8.9 inch liquid crystal HD displays – Designed for increased situational and flight safety awareness

– Primary Flight Display (PFD) with multiple display setting to match mission segment requirements

– Navigation display with TAWS overlay, – Terrain cross-section analysis along flight path – Multi-sensors FMS with LPV Monitor – Duplex communication capability between FMS and operator‘s consoles

– Emergency ESIS with navigation capability – Charts and airport diagrams (optional) – Checklist (optional) – Moving Map (optional) – Native NVG PFD/MFD display available (not add-on filters)

– Obstacle cross-section view along flight path – Synthetic vision (optional)

The cockpit is fitted with 4 large UNIVERSAL® displays, featuring onePrimary Flight Display (PFD) and one Multi Function Display (MFD) in front of each crew member located on the central panel, additionally an Electronic Standby Instrument System (ESIS) is installed between the two MFD. Those crystal clear, sunlight readable HD displays provide the pilots with the specific information required during each phase of the mission.


Main Instrument Panel

NG

-SAM

M-3

1-00

09-0

1

DEICE

OFF

ON

PITOT INLET PROP W-SHIELD SURF PROP INLET PITOT

OFF

ON

INT-LIGHTSINSTR CABIN

FULL

HALF

OFFOFF

COCKPON

EMERG

DIMNIGHT

DAY

SEAT BELT NO SMOKE EXITON

OFF

WIPER

OFF

PARK

ON

HIGH

LO

OFF

OFF

ENRICH

UNF-PUMP CONT-IGN

START

STOP

CONT

OFF

START

START

GROUND

AIR

VENT

START

STOP

ENRICH

OFF

UNF-PUMPIGN-CONT

CONT

OFF

START

FUEL

PUMP 1 PUMP 2

FIRE

OFF

ON

COCK PUMP 2 PUMP 1

FIRE

COCK

CROSS FEEDOFF

ON

AUTOAUTO

NG

-SAM

M-3

1-00

10-0

2

5

50

50

50

1 5 1 2 1 1 2 1

5 1 2 10 1 3 3 5

10 10 5 5 10 1 1

10 10 10 10 5 5 5 2 5

10 1 3 3 5 3 3

10 10 5 1 1 3 3 15 5

712

NG

-SAM

M-3

1-00

14-0

1

WIPERON

PARK

OFF

INSTPANELINT-LIGHTSEXT-LIGHTS

LANDINGSURFNAVINSP

LOGO

OFF OFF

LAND

TAXI

STROBEANTICOLL

OFF

ON

DC/AC POWER

GEN-LH GEN-RH

V~ 300

2010

INV 2INV 10

50100

130

V~ 0

50100

130V~

BUS 2NON ESS-BBUS 1

ESS BUS

TIEINV 1 INV 2

BATT BUS 2BATT BUS 1

EXT

ON

OFF

RESET

ON

OFF

RESET

ON

OFF

RESET

ON

OFF

RESET

A–x10

10

20 30

0

40

50A–

x10

1020 30

0

40

50

ON

OFF

EXT

ON

OFF

EXT

GEN-LH BATT 1 GEN-RHBATT 2

MASTER

NG

-SAM

M-3

1-00

13-0

1

RUDDER-TRIM

RIGHTLEFT

TEST

60

30

55

50

40

35 25

20

15

10

512 1

23

4567

8

910

11

45

60

30

55

50

40

35 25

20

15

10

512 1

23

4567

8

910

11

45

CKP

AIR

DEMISTING

BLEEDAIR AIRCOND CKP-HEATON

OFF

AUTO MAN HOT

COLD

AUTOSELECT

TEMPMODE

MANCONTR

ON

OFF

OFF

PNEUMATIC

HIGHNORM

RAMAIR

ON

OFF

COLD HOT

LH RH

ON

OFF

NOSE

LEFT RIGHT

LDG GEAR

UP

DN

DN LCKREL

MUTEHORH

TEST

THE MARKINGS AND PLACARDS INSTALLED INTHIS AIRPLANE CONTAIN OPERATING LIMITATIONSWHICH MUST BE COMPLIED WITH WHEN OPER-ATING THIS AIRPLANE IN THE COMMUTER CAT-EGORY. OTHER OPERATING LIMITATIONS WHICHMUST BE COMPLIED WITH WHEN OPERATING THISAIRPLANE IN THIS CATEGORY ARE CONTAINED INTHE PILOTS OPERATING HANDBOOK AND LBAAPPROVED AIPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL.

MAX. DESIGN MANEUVERING SPEED 150 KIAS

MAX. LOADING GEAR OPERATING SPEED 160 KIAS

THIS AIRPLANE IS APPROVED FORVFR, IFR, DAY AND NIGHT OPERATIONS.FLIGHTS UNDER KNOWN ICING CONDITIONS AREAPPROVED IF ICE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT ISINSTALLED.

OPEARATIONAL LIMITS

USE FLAP POSITION 1 OR UP IF FROST, ICE, SLUSH,MUD OR STRUCTURAL DAMAGE IS SUSPECTED ON THEHORIZONTAL STABILIZER.INCREASE V BY 15 KIAS.REF

TFC

UNIVERSAL

TERR EXT WXTFC

UNIVERSAL

TERR EXT WX

NO ACROBATIC MANEUVERS,INCLUDING SPINS, APPROVED

CAUTION: DO NOT OPERATEANY BRAKE DURING TOWING DORNIER 228-212

MASTERCAUTIONRESET

MASTERWARNING

RESET

SPEED ALERT

FT/MUNIVERSAL

CRS HDG CRS

FIRE EXT.TEST RH

FIRE EXT.TEST LH

FIREPULL

TURNFORSHOT

FIREPULL

TURNFORSHOT

TESTTESTTEST

REL

EASE

EME

RG.L

DN

G

PULL

ALTERNATESOURCE

SELECTORVALVE

STATICPRESSURE

NG-SAMM-31-0001-02

STALL

OFFSLOW FAST

MINIMUM FUEL T.O.:200 LBS EACH FEEDER TANK

WITH ICE BUILD-UP ON THE WINGSRSD AND STALL WARNING

ARE UNRELIABLE

LRNANTISKIDOFF

FLAPOVRD

TRQ LIMIT

TESTONOFF

TESTON

OFF

MAX EGT LIMITS C

ENGINE START 770 CMAXIMUM REVERSE 565 C

100%RPM

616606595584574565557550545540536531526

OAT

6050403020100

-10-20-30-40-50-60

96%RPM

607596586575565554545536528521516512507

MASTERCAUTIONRESET

MASTERWARNING

RESET

NG

-SAM

M-3

1-00

07-0

2

80

5 1 1 2 2 5 1

5 10 10 10 3 10

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3 10 10 10 10 5 10 15 2 5

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5 1

5

80

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10

5

5

5

3

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712

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5NG

-SAM

M-3

1-00

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NG-SAMM-31-0002-02

DATA NAV VNAV DTO LIST PREV

FUEL FPL PERF TUNE MENU NEXT

A B C D E F GH I J K L M N

O P Q R S TU V W X Y Z

1

4

2

5

3

6

7 8 9BACK 0 MSG

ON/OFFDIM

ENTER

POWER

MAX

POWER

ENGINE SPEED

HIGH

CRUISE

FI

GI

LOW

SHUTOFF

REVERSE FEATHER

PHASE SELECT

ONOFF

LAMP TESTAIL-TRIM

SYNCHROPHASER

NWS HYDRAULIC

BYPASS

ON

TEST

MANON

NORM

OFF

LH RH

ON

2

1

UP

ON

2

1

UP

FLAPS

THE SYNCHROPHASERMUST BE OFF FORT.O. SINGLE ENGINEOPERATION, ANDLANDINGS.

PARK BRAKE

RA/DA

UNIVERSALTFC TERR WX

RA/DA

UNIVERSALTFC TERR WX

ON

OFF

MSTRON

OFF

ONON

OFF

AVIONICSHOTVHF1

APFDS/

BATTSTBY

OFF

TST

ONMSTRMSS

OFF

EMER EMER ACTV BRT

PREV TOP

NEXT PRESET

258.33

XTUNE

DETAIL DMEHOLD

ID

EMER EMER ACTV BRT

PREV TOP

NEXT PRESET

258.33

XTUNE

DETAIL DMEHOLD

ID

PFD Pilot

1 2 23 3

45

7 7

8 89 910

PFD CopilotMFD 1 MFD 2

1. ELT Control Panel2. Pilot and Co-pilot PFD Control Unit3. Pilot and Co-pilot MFD and WXR Control Unit4. DF Control and Display Unit5. Air Conditioning Control Panel6. Landing Gear Lever

7. Pilot and Co-pilot Clock8. Pilot and Co-pilot Master Warning Master Caution Annunciator / Buttons9. Pilot and Co-pilot NAV and Annunciator Panel10. Engine Fire Handles11. Emergency ESIS


Cockpit

Avionics

Navigation and Pitot Static Systems – UNIVERSAL® UNS-1Ew Flight Management System (FMS) – Multi-Mission Management System Software upgrade (optional) – Dual Revue Thommen Air Data Computer – Dual Northrop Grumman Litef Attitude Heading Reference System – Rockwell Collins Radar Altimeter – Rockwell Collins Distance Measuring Equipment – Dual Rockwell Collins VHF Navigation System – ACSS Transponder System – Honeywell Weather Radar (optional) – Universal Avionics Terrain Awareness and Warning System Class A (TAWS, optional) – ACSS Airborne Collision Avoidance System (TCAS, optional) – Flight Director/Autopilot (optional) – L3-Com Airborne TACAN System (optional)

Indicating Systems – Universal Avionics Electronic Flight Instrument System

– L-3 Com Avionics Electronic Standby Instrument Systems

– Dual AEE Analog-Digital Converting System (EIU)

– AEE Central Advisory and Warning System

Recording Systems – L3-Com Solid State Flight Data Recorder with Flight Data Aquisition Unit (optional)

– L3-Com Solid State Cockpit Voice Recorder (optional)

Emergency Equipment – Emergency Locator Transmitter

TAWS – A unique 3-D perspective view provides the opti-mum level of situational awareness.


Communication Systems

Dual Rockwell Collins VHF Communication System – two independent VHF COM transceivers and antennas

Digital Becker Avionics Intercommunication System – two audio control units installed in the center pedestal and one remote electronic unit

– provides communication between pilot, co-pilot, operator and observers and monitoring of all COM and NAV radio equipment.

Dual Universal Avionics Radio Control Units RCU – two radio control units installed in the center pedestal – primary means of control for all onboard radios without a dedicated control unit

Rockwell Collins V/UHF Communications System (optional) – accommodates full range of ECCM (el. counter-countermeasures) waveforms

Marine Band Radio (optional) – Maritime VHF transceiver to provide the MPA with maritime communication in the VHF FM band and on the Distress and Safety Channel (DSC)

HF Communication System (optional) – long range communication and data transmission – inverted-V antenna between top of fuselage tail section and vertical stabilizer

SELCAL Decoder (optional) – allows an aircraft crew to be notified of incoming communications even when the aircraft‘s radio has been muted

SATCOM (optional) – provides secure video, data, voice and IP


Cockpit

Multi-Missions Management System(MMMS)

Search PatternThe MMMS generates and steers the aircraft through the following six pattern types:

Rising LadderThe Rising Ladder search pattern consists of an alternating series of parallel legs adjoined with flyover waypoints.

Race TrackThe Race Track pattern consists of two parallel legs.

Expanding SquareThe Expanding Square search pattern consists of a series of legs flow with conventional turn anticipation.


Sector SearchThe Sector Search pattern resembles a clover-leaf and consists of a series of legs which pass through a centre waypoint.

OrbitThe Orbit search pattern consists of flying a constant radius circle in a predefined direction around a point.

Border PatrolThe Border Patrol pattern consists of flying a track between pilot-defined waypoints, or stored route, with course reversal at the final way-points.


Sensors and Mission Systems

Overview

UV/IR Scanner SAR/DF

MWR

MMS and Operator Console


MMMS

VIS Line Scanner

AIS

Search/Surveillance Radar

SLAR

SAR/DF EO/IR



Mission adaptable

Side Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) – Perpendicular beams (090/270) – High resolution wave returns = sea clutter (if sea clutter is visible oil spills can be detected)

– Changes in waves are clearly visible (oil covered water, ship waves)

– Oil spill area can be measured – All weather, day & night – High sea state – Range right and left 20/40 Nm – Measurement of layer thickness not possible – SLAR – Primary sensor for detection of oil spills

Search/Surveillance Radar – 360° scan or sector scan – Primary sensor for all search task (except oil spill search)

– Max range 200 Nm – Small target (periscope, small boats, life rafts) – High sea state range ~ 60 Nm – Pulse compression – Moving Target Indication (MTI) – Weight: 35–100 kg (77–220 lbs) – Different suppliers


SAR Direction Finder (SAR/DF)The SAR Direction Finder combines a communication direction finder and a SAR (Search and Rescue) direction finder, thus allowing to track all coastal and maritime radio stations. The SAR Direction Finder allows the bearing of radio signals on different frequency bands as well as their traditional emergency frequencies in the VHF and UHF range, the common calling up channel 16 in the maritime radio band and the widely used Cospas-Sarsat emergency signal.

Automatic Identification System (AIS) – Monitoring of Surface Traffic; keeps track of AIS equipped vessels and their destinations.

– Maritime Surveillance/Coast Guard Patrol; together with a radar system, aircraft can find vessels without AIS or faulty AIS parameters.

– Search and Rescue (SAR); helps locate vessels in distress and communicate help is on the way

– Mission Control and Coordination; in SAR and military opera-tions involving several helicopters and vessels



EO/IR + SAR = Optimal Sensor Package

Electro Optical / Infrared (EO/IR)

– Cross cueing capabilities – Workstation sensor calibration – Best identification through combination of - long range, all weather, broad area radar surveillance (SAR) - short range, high resolution EO/IR imagery

– Cross cueing sensor software available – System weight: 70–150 kg (154–330 lbs)

– Up to 9 sensors, HD resolution – Typical sensor equipment

■■ Thermal imager■■ Multi-spectral HD zoom camera■■ Multi-spectral HD spotter■■ Laser illuminator, laser pointer■■ Mission awareness positioning system

– Stabilized system, auto-tracking, layover mode – System weight: 40–55 kg (88–121 lbs) – Different suppliers


Visible (VIS) Line Scanner

– This passive sensor in the visible wave length range is used as an auxiliary tool for various applications.

– In maritime surveillance: it can detect oil spills, chemical plumes and biogenic slicks (daylight only)

– Weight: 17 kg (37 lbs)

Optimare VIS Scanner



Ultraviolet / Infrared (UV/IR) Scanner

– Ultraviolet scanner makes different reflections of water and oil spill visible (daylight only) – Infrared scanner makes different surface temperature of water and oil spill (less emissivity) visible (day and night)

– System weight: 29 kg (64 lbs) – Both sensors allow measurements of oil spill thickness > 0.01 µm

Optimare UV/IR Scanner


Microwave Radiometer (MWR)

– This passive sensor measures oil spill thickness > 0.05 mm and < 3 mm by measuring microwave reflection and emission (all weather, day and night).

– System weight: 115 kg (253 lbs)

Optimare Microwave Radiometer



Mission Management System

Operator’s Console – Forward Looking DesignThe operator console provides the Human Machine Interface (HMI) between the operator and the mission sensors.

The Mission Management System is one of the most important elements of any Maritime Patrol Aircraft and the true brain of the platform where all the sensors‘ data are fused together and analysed in real time. As an independent system provider, RUAG is able to flexibly cater to customer requests, integrate the requested Mission Management System and console into the Dornier 228 and work together with the system and sensor providers.

Key features – Software and sensors form a unified presentation to the operator. – Sensor data, maps and reports are presented in pre-assigned windows. – All data is recorded digitally, allowing the operator to simultaneously operate a number of sensors and at the same time access stored data to work on the mission report without stress or risk of making errors.

– All sensor data, images, targets, etc. are annotated using navigation data from a single source, so that each piece of information becomes an integrated part of a Geographic Information System (GIS) on board the aircraft.


Key features – The operator can choose the sensors on the console in order to carry out an analysis on the colour monitor.

– The aircraft‘s navigation system automatically includes the current flight data (position, course, time, etc.) in the images that appear on the monitor.

– The displayed screen shown at the operator console is handed over to the cockpit crew and can be selected by the cockpit crew to be imaged on the copilot MFD

– The sensors selected are saved on the hard drive integrated in the system and can be analysed in an instant.

– What‘s more, this data can also be saved on a portable hard drive, which allows for additional analyses to be carried out on the ground, sensor images to be printed out and data to be transferred to another computer.

– Displays can be remotely controlled via a serial link

(generic solution)

Phone

ConsoleSecondary LCD / CDU

Radio Control

Radar Control Panel

FLIR HCU

ICS Control Panel

Trackball

FLIR Control Panel

Laser Fire Control

Lights

Primary LCDs

Joystick

Keyboard

Work Surface

Circuit Breakers

Push-to-talk


Operations Support

Life Cycle Support

As manufacturer of the Dornier 228 RUAG also offers comprehensive support services, ensuring that the aircraft can be operated safely, economically and in accordance with the customer’s requirements at any time.

RUAG‘s international, customer support services comprise technical support and supply of spare parts, documentation, field service and training. In addition, RUAG offers operators of special versions and small fleets of the Dornier 228 its Total Aircraft Care service, which provides full technical support and guaranteed availabi-lity for a fixed price per flight hour.

Technical support

Material support

MRO services

Modification/upgrades

Technicaldocumentation

Flight operations support

Field service

Fleet management

Training

Service contracts, power-by- the-hour


Between 1982 and 2002, well over 200 Dornier 228s were built in Oberpfaffenhofen and were marketed worldwide. About 150 machines are still in service today, and many of these are serviced by RUAG.

As holders of the type certificate of the Dornier 228 and licences EASA 21G, EASA 21J, EASA 145 and FAR 145, we offer comprehensive servicing for the Dornier 228 fleet operating worldwide. The scope of our services is as follows:

– Technical support beyond the basic documentation, e.g. with Service Problem Report (SPR) and Repair Approval Sheet (RAS) for complex repairs

– Modifications – e.g. customer-specific mission equipment, engine and avionic upgrades

– The whole range of maintenance work (Line & Base) including engine inspections – Complete and partial painting in our state-of-the-art paint shop – Service contracts, Power-by-the-Hour contracts – Fleet management in line with CAMO – Training for pilots and maintenance staff – Spare parts support

Material SupportTel.: +49 8153 30 – 2281Fax: +49 8153 30 – 4633E-Mail: [email protected]

24-hour – AOG Hotlines

Technical SupportTel.: +49 8153 30 – 2280Fax: +49 8153 30 – 3030E-mail: [email protected]

Technical and Operational Support


Contents

2 Content Overview

4 Missions

4 Mission Challenges 7 Multirole Platform 8 Mission Match – All Around the World 10 Maritime Patrol 14 Light Transport 15 PAX 16 Cargo 17 MedEvac 18 Paratrooper

20 Aircraft

20 Specifications 22 Performance 23 Certification Basis 24 Construction and Fuselage 26 Main Wing 28 Engines and Propellers

30 Cockpit

30 Glass Cockpit 32 Avionics 33 Communication Systems 34 Multi-Missions Management System (MMMS)


36 Sensors and Mission Systems

36 Overview 38 Mission adaptable 38 Side Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) 38 Search/Surveillance Radar 39 SAR Direction Finder (SAR/DF) 39 Automatic Identification System (AIS) 40 Electro Optical / Infrared (EO/IR) 40 EO/IR + SAR = Optimal Sensor Package 41 Visible (VIS) Line Scanner 42 Ultraviolet / Infrared (UV/IR) Scanner 43 Microwave Radiometer (MWR) 44 Mission Management System 44 Operator’s Console – Forward Looking Design

46 Operations Support

46 Life Cycle Support 47 Technical and Operational Support

48 Contents

RUAG Aerospace Services GmbH | RUAG Aviation P.O. Box 1253 | Special Airfield Oberpfaffenhofen82231 Wessling | GermanyPhone +49 8153 30-2011 | [email protected]

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dornier 228 multirole facts & figures

Documents