doordarshan kendra raipur report ppt
TRANSCRIPT
BIPUL KUMAR GUPTAE.T.&T.
RCET RAIPUR
AT DOORDARSHAN KENDRA (D.D.K.) RAIPUR
VOCATIONAL TRAINING REPORT
OVER VIEW
INTRODUCTION
TV STUDIO EARTH STATION
TRANSMISSION
Doordarshan is an Indian public service broadcaster, a division of prasar bharati. It is one of the largest broadcasting organizations in India in terms of the studio and transmitter infrastructure. Recently, it has also started broadcasting on digital terrestrial transmitters. On 15 September 2009, Doordarshan celebrated its 50th anniversary.
INTRODUCTION OF DOORDARSHAN
.
Largest broadcasting organization
1st service started on 15th sep,1959
Doordarshan = distant + show.
Broadcasting started in India in the year 1923.
AIR was formed in the year 1936.
1st T.V Station was established in Delhi in 1959
T.V was separated from AIR in 1976
DD has 1500 Transmitters and 70 Production centers across the Country.
Broadcasting of DD Chhattisgarh started in the year 2002.
T.V was separated from AIR in 1976
A television studio is an installation in which television or video productions take place.
T.V. STUDIO
This is also small studio for special programs
COMPONENTS OF TV STUDIO
Camera Lighting Microphones Vision mixer and Audio consoles MSR VTR Post production and video effects Supporting services like AC, UPS
Camera- camera is an optical instrument that records images that can be stored directly, transmitted to another location, or both. These images may be still photographs or moving images such as videos or movies.
Lighting .
LIGHTING UNIT WITH STAND
LIGHTING WITH UPER SUPPORT
HARD SOURCE(SPOT LIGHT )
COOL
LIGHT
Microphones- Microphones is an acoustic-to-electric transducer or sensor that converts sound in air into an electrical signal. Microphones are used in many applications such as telephones.
,
MICROPHON
ES
Vision mixer and Audio consolesA vision mixer (also called video switcher, video mixer or production switcher) is a device used to select between several different video sources and in some cases mix video sources together and add special effects.
It has many input sources such as cameras, VCR/ server, Graphics/Character Generators ,etc.
Out of these input, any source can be taken as output.
Sources can be changed as cut to cut, dissolve, wipe and other special effects.
AUDIO CONSOLES
THE AUDIO CONSOLES INCLUDES
1.AUDIO MIXING
2.AUDIO PATCH PANEL
3.AUDIO DISTRIBUTION AMP.
4.AUDIO MONITOR
5.OTHER AUDIO SOURCES LIKE CD PLAYER ,USB PLAYER
TYPICAL VIDEO CHAIN
TYPICAL AUDIO CHAIN
DistributorVision Mixer LOGOGenerator
Earth station through
Optical Fiber
Sources
DistributorAudio Console
Analog to AES
Converter
Earth station through
Optical Fiber
Sources
EARTH STATION
MSR (MASTER SWITCHING ROOM) It is the heart of the studio.
Most of the switching electronics is kept e.g. camera base stations, switcher main frame, SPG, Satellite receivers, MW link, DDA & most of the patch panels.
Signal is routed through MSR.
Signal can be Monitored at various stages
.
Earth Station is a very important part of satellite communication system for broadcasting of signals.
It is an uplink center from which the signals are fed to Satellite for distribution in a specified area covered by the Satellite.
The signal is up-linked from the Earth Station and received by many down link centers in TV broad casting via PDA.
Two Types: 1) Analog, 2) Digital
Digital Earth Stations are widely used because of various advantages over analog.
EARTH STATION
PDA (Parabolic Dish Antenna)
TRANSMITTER, DIPLEXER AND SET-UP BOX SET IN THE EARTH STATION
.
.
Satellite
Uplink Downlink
EARTH STATION
RECEIVER
STATION PARAMETER OF DDK RAIPUREarth Station site Doordarshan Kendra RAIPUR Shankar nagar
Site longitude 21.25 degree
Site latitude 81.67 degree
Satellite INSAT—4B
Location 93.5 degree east
Transponder C--2
Uplink Frequency 5987 MHz
Downlink Frequency 3762 MHz
Uplink polarization Vertical
Downlink polarization Horizontal
Bandwidth 6 MHz
Uplink Power in Watts 80 --- 100 Watts
Antennas
An antenna (or aerial) is a transducer designed to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. In other words, antennas convert electromagnetic waves into electrical currents and vice versa.
Electrical signal
Transmitting Antenna
Electromagnetic wave
Receiving Antenna
Yagi Antenna
TRANSMISSION - A television transmitter is a device which broadcasts an electromagnetic signal to the television receivers Television transmitters may be analog or digital.
TRANSMISSION
Types of Transmitters (1)VLPT’s (2)LPT’s (3)HPT’s
A 10 kW HPT of Raipur zone is situated at Shankar nagar Raipur.
A 10 kW HPT is only 10-20% efficient.
It has beam width of 360 degree, hence can cover up to 65 kms of area around it.
It has various other supporting units with it to maintain the quality of s/g to be Txd. Like- Monitoring section, blower section, amplification section
IN DOORDARSHAN SET UP WE HAVE DIFFERENT TRANSMITTER AS PER THEIR RATED POWER AND COVERAGE AREA.
• VERY LOW POWER(VLPT) 5—10 W 5—10 Kms• LOW POWER(LPT) i) 100 W 15—30 Kms ii) 300 W 40 Kms• HIGH POWER(HPT) i) 1KW 60 Kms ii) 10 KW 90—110 Kms
COVERAGE AREA
TRANSMITTER
COVERAGE AREA OF DDK RAIPUR
In Raipur Doordarshan Kendra having 10kw HIGH POWER transmitter (HPT) so its coverage area is approximately 90-110kms.10 KW 90—110 Kms
IN CHHATTISGARH HAVE 16 LPT AND 7 VLPT