don't make me think. there's no need
DESCRIPTION
by Stefano Maraspin - Tutti conoscono "Non farmi pensare" di Steve Krug. L'autore sostiene che l'aspetto più importante dal punto di vista dell'usabilità sia l'immediatezza dell'interfaccia. Leggendolo mi è sorto un dubbio: "ma se gli utenti non devono pensare, vuol dire che il loro comportamento sarà irrazionale e impredicibile?". Ho così cominciato un percorso di ricerca sulle motivazioni che spingono l'utente ad intraprendere un'azione piuttosto che ad astenersi dalla stessa. In questo talk condivido quanto ho avuto modo di imparare attraverso le fonti scientifiche, ma soprattutto nei progetti su cui ho lavoratoTRANSCRIPT
Don’t Make me Think There’s no need
Codemotion Milan, Italy – 29/11/2014 CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
STEVE @MARASPIN
http://www.mvlabs.it/
The Jam Experiment
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Source: Neuro Web Design, Dr. S.M. Weinschenk, Ph.D.
Cognitive resources are limited
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Passing Option
Passing Option Other Options
Danger!
WONDERLIC TEST
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonderlic_Test
Sample Questions • A boy is 17 years old and his sister is
twice as old. When the boy is 23 years old, what will be theage of his sister?
• Arrange the following words so that they make a complete sentence. Is the rearranged sentence true or false? not Winter seasons summer are and
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Marino
15/50
SYSTEM 2
SYSTEM 2
3165/5
SLOW, CONSCIOUS
Passing Option Other Options
Danger!
No time to think!
SYSTEM 2
SYSTEM 1
2+2
FAST, UNCONSCIOUS
SELECTIVE PERCEPTION
RECEPTORS
FIBERS
Retinal Receptors
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1.000.000 Fibres
100.000.000 Receptors
Retinal Receptors
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Source: Visual Thinking for Design – Colin Ware
Parafovea: over 50% of our processing power, in less than 5% of the visual world
Edge of the Visual Field: we can barely notice an item the size of an apple at arm’s length
THE FOVEA
Blind Spot
33
http://brainu.org/blind-spot
34
Attention Focus
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Might not be noticed
36
Attention Focus
37
State change cue
Noticeable message
SENSIBLE TO MOTION
40
State change cue
Even more noticeable
Validating e-mail, please wait…
Acceptable Response Times • 140 milliseconds between an
action and its feedback • 1 second before anxiety kicks in • 700 milliseconds before a
human being can initiate an action after noticing a state change
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PERCEIVES ENVIRONMENT
Makes sense…
43
Source: Don’t Make me Think – S. Krug
Visual Hierarchy
44
Source: Designing with the mind in mind – J. Johnson
Gestalt Principles
45
Self-organizing Tendency
46
47
FUSIFORM
FACE AREA
DIRECTIONAL CUE
50
51
Placebo effect
52
Perceptions are influenced by expectations
53
Take a sheet of paper Fold it 100 times
How thick the result?
Unexpected Result
54
126.765.060.022.822.940.149.670 km
Unexpected Result
55
126.765.060.022.822.940.149.670 km
149.600.000 km
Anchoring
Anchoring
Base Price
Anchoring
Compared to camera,
battery seems cheap
Expensive Option as an Anchor
59
Other
options all
seem cheap
DOBB'S 1968 EXPERIMENT
PREDECISIONAL DISSONANCE
Postdecisional Dissonance
62
Postdecisional Dissonance
63
Commitment
DOPAMINE
SOCIAL NOTIFICATIONS
Simplified Brain Model
66
Old Brain
Mid Brain
New Brain
Survival
Emotions
Conscious
Activities
68
Scarcity
69
Scarcity
70
Danger
71
Social validation
72
Endowment Effect
76
77
Endowment Effect
Feeling like owing this
Endowment
78
Worth to us more than this
Prospect Theory
79
Source: http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop11035/wkshoppresentations/part1/
Framing
80
Better to offer discount on deposit, than surcharge on Paypal
MEMORY ALSO INFLUENCED
RECOGNIZED THEM? How long to find it out?
RECOGNIZED THEM? How long to find it out?
RECOGNIZING IS EASIER THAN
RECALLING
Recalling Aids
87
Availability Heuristic
88
Wason Selection Task
89
If a card has a vowel on one side, then it has an even number on the other side. You are asked, which card(s) do you need to turn over in order to determine if the rule is true or false?
Confirmation Bias
90
http://www.psychologyinaction.org/2012/10/07/classic-psychology-experiments-wason-selection-task-part-i/
Confirmation Bias
91
EMOTIONS LEAD
ELLIOT
95
IQ 97
96
Damaged Area
97
Effects
IQ 97 Unable to make decisions!
UNCONSCIOUS IS A CRUCIAL PART
OF THE DECISION MAKING
PROCESS
Thank you for your attention
Stefano Maraspin @maraspin
QUESTIONS?
https://joind.in/talk/view/12896
Resources
102
Resources
103
Resources
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Photo Credits • http://www.flickr.com/photos/quinnanya/2904259360/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/justinhee/5672674318/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/katerha/5249701882/ • https://www.flickr.com/photos/flickrnyk/7438899878 • http://www.flickr.com/photos/63308489@N03/5758158093/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/gforsythe/8422224296/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/stefanvds/3107857585/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/albertogp123/5843577306/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/renawgraphy/4213430007/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/dtanist/10619591933/ • https://www.flickr.com/photos/fragglerawker/2350554969 • http://www.flickr.com/photos/mbk/5528785022/ • https://www.flickr.com/photos/tambako/14278357096 • http://www.flickr.com/photos/attilaacs/3482373097/ • https://www.flickr.com/photos/edrost88/11282516873 • https://www.flickr.com/photos/goarmyphotos/8355744257 • https://www.flickr.com/photos/caseyflorig/15250979855 • http://www.flickr.com/photos/crdot/5507833060/ • https://www.flickr.com/photos/liju-james/4307814139 • http://www.flickr.com/photos/isabadell/8230261556/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/iamthestig2/6748228667/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/west_point/8075161774/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/tomconger/5513241616/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/downingstreet/3701196400/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/greghickman/4306344519/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/vthokiefans/3293089737/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/maxbisschop/5584314953/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/patrickmcknightlaw/8136892023/ • https://www.flickr.com/photos/brianscott/130226867
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Stefano Maraspin @maraspin