Domains and Kingdoms

TEK

Domain and Kingdoms is about…

Classifying living organisms into groups according to similar characteristics.

Linnaean Classification

System • Does

• King

• Philip

• Come

• Over

• For

• Good

• Spaghetti

http://analyzer.depaul.edu/astrobiology/kingdoms.jpg

_______________________

(BACTERIA)

FIVE ORIGINAL KINGDOMS

3 Domain System

• Domains are larger than kingdoms

Bacteria Archaea Eukarya

Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia

Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia

6 Kingdom System

• As we learned more about bacteria, the Monera kingdom was split into TWO distinct kingdoms:

– Eubacteria & Archaebacteria

Vocabulary

• Prokaryotes: cells with no nucleus

– Ex: bacteria

• Eukaryotes: cells with nucleus

– plants & animals

• Autotroph: organisms make their own food, photosynthetic

• Heterotroph: organisms consumes food for energy

Vocabulary

• Unicellular: one-celled organism

• Multicellular: organsim made of many cells

• Cellulose: polysaccharide makes plants strong

• Peptidoglycan: found in some cell walls of bacteria

Domain: Bacteria

• Kingdom Eubacteria

– Prokaryotes

– Unicellular

– Peptidoglycan

– Autotrophs or heterotrophs

– Ex: E. coli, streptococcus

Domain: Archae

• Kingdom Archaebacteria

– Prokaryotes

– Unicellular

– No Peptidoglycan

– Autotrophs or heterotrophs

– Live in extreme environments

– Ex: halophiles (live in high salt environments), thermophiles (live in high temps

Domain: Eukarya

• Kingdom Plantae

– Eukaryotes

–Multicellular

–Cell walls with cellulose & chloroplasts

–Autotrophs

– Ex: moses, ferns, tress, flowering plants

Domain: Eukarya

• Kingdom Animalia

– Eukaryotes

–Multicellular

–No Cell walls & chloroplasts

–Heterotrophs

– Ex: worms, insects, fish, birds, mammals, humans

Domain: Eukarya

• Kingdom Fungi

– Eukaryotes

–Multicellular & unicellular

–Cell walls with chitin

–Heterotrophs through absorption

– Ex: mushrooms & yeast

Domain: Eukarya

• Kingdom Protista

– Eukaryotes

–Most unicellular

–Cell walls with cellulose, some chloroplasts

–Heterotrophs or autotrophs

– Ex: amoeba, paramecium, giant kelp, slime molds

So What?

• Why is classifying organisms so important?