Domain Name Registration

Presented By:Jessica Bradley

David Cunningham

John Morrison

Overview

How To Register Your Domain

Domain Name Policies and Regulations

Domain Name Servers

ICANN.org

Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and NumbersAddress Supporting Org. –IP AddressesDomain Name Supporting Org. – Domain

Name RegistrationProtocol Supporting Org. – Parameters for

Internet protocols

Domain Name S.O.

1993 - Network Solutions given the government contract to assign Domain NamesApril 1999 - Shared Registry System begins with 5 testbed companiesCurrently 32 active members 60 accredited, but not yet operational 18 awaiting accreditation

How to Register

Select an Accredited RegistrarFind a domain name to registerFill in the requested informationDecide how long you want the name$35/year (up to 10 years) for .com, .net

or .orgor park the domain, $40/year (up to 10

years)

Number of Registrants

Number of Registrants with Network Solutions, since 1993

0

2

4

6

8

10

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

Time (Days)

Re

gis

tran

ts (

in

Millio

ns)

* According to Network Solutions.com

Trademark Infringement

Your domain name may not contain a registered trademarkTrademark laws on the Internet follow the laws for normal use of trademarksProblem: Companies are using all permutations of their trademark to take away domain namesEFF, DNRC, CPSR argue that it is unconstitutional

VW vs. VW vs. VW

The Implicated CompaniesVolkswagen - vw.com (Automaker)Virtual Works – vw.net (Internet Firm)Virtually Wired – vw.org (CPSR)

VW Trademark of Volkswagen

Permutations infringe on trademark

Anti-Cybersquatting Act

Cybersquatting: registering a domain name knowing that someone else wants itThreat of costing both innocent and illegal domain name holders up to $100,000UDRP (Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy) Network Solutions and ICANN Any Domain Name found “infringing” on a registered

trademark is forfeited to the holder of the name immediately

Domain names with invalid registration information may be forfeited

Domain Name Registration Coalition

Founded 1996Opposes the Anti-Cybersquatting Act, ICANN“Represents the interests and views of entrepreneurs, small businesses and individuals on the Internet”Free speech on the internet, including your choice of domain names

Electronic Frontier Foundation

Opposes Anti-Trademark bills passed by GovernmentTrademark bills unconstitutional and take away freedom of speechExisting trademark bills allow companies in non-competing areas to use permutations of trademark. Internet trademark bills do not

DNS - What is it?

Global network of servers

Translates host names into numerical addresses villanova.edu --> 153.104.1.200

Ease of memorization is key reason

Failure of DNS results: web sites cannot be located e-mail delivery stalls

DNS - History

Designed in 1984 by Paul Mockapetris

Originally maintained by Stanford Research Institute’s Network Information Center (SRI-NIC).

As new hosts names came along, added to table a few times a week

As the internet grew, table became huge

DNS - Current

Distributed Database

Hierarchical

No single organization responsible for maintenance

Most DNS Server = Unix machine running BIND (Berkeley Internet Name Domain) software

DNS - Current (cont.)

Two elements - name server and resolver name server supplies name-to-address conversions if unsuccessful, resolver passes to next name

server

Cache Server vs. Authoritative Server authoritative servers answer queries according to

DNS protocols cache server query authoritative servers and store

result for certain period of time can be combination of both based on zones

DNS - How it Works

URL typed in by userBrowser sends request to closest name server If name server has ever fielded request for that host

name (within a certain time period set by administrators), locates information in cache and replies

Otherwise it passes it to an authoritative name server (much like routers)

If the servers are slow and computer times out, or host name does not exist, error message returned

Links

ICANN: http://www.icann.orgNetwork Solutions: http://www.networksolutions.comDNRC: http://www.domain-name.orgEFF: http://www.eff.orgCPSR: http://www.cpsr.orgUnited States Trademark and Patent Office: http://www.uspto.org