dog manual_with cover

MEDICAL ACUPUNCTURE FOR VETERINARIANSCanine Point Mini-Manual

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2013 Canine Mini Manual

Table of Contents Lung (LU) 2-3

Large Intestine (LI) 4-5

Stomach (ST) 6-8

Spleen (SP) 10-11

Heart (HT) 12-13

Small Intestine (SI) 14-15

Bladder (BL) 16-21

Kidney (KI) 22-23

Pericardium (PC) 24-25

Triple Heater (TH) 26-27

Gallbladder (GB) 28-33

Liver (LR) 34-36

Conception Vessel (CV) 38-40

Governor Vessel (GV) 42-44

Extra Points 46-58

Canine-Equine Shu Point Comparison 49-50

Canine-Equine Mu Point Comparison 51-52

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©2013 IAVMA, Inc. and Narda G. Robinson, DO, DVM, MS. All rights reserved.

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Lung (LU)

3

Point Name & Location Relevant Anatomy Indications & Point Combinations

LU 1 (Zhong Fu, “Central Treasury”)

On the chest, medial to the greater

tubercle of the humerus, in the 1st

intercostal space.

Cervicothoracic

spinal nn

Local pain (LU-1, local points); reduced shoulder

mobility (LU-1, restricted locations); respiratory

disorders (LU-1, BL-13, BL-12)

LU 5 (Chi Ze, “Cubit Marsh”)

On the lateral aspect of the biceps

brachii tendon at the level of the cubital

crease. Locate with elbow slightly

flexed.

Radial n

Musculocutaneous n

Local elbow pain; distal bicipital tendon pain

(palpate to localize tender points); epistaxis

(LU-5, LU-9)

LU 7 (Lie Que, “Divergent Branch”)

In the nook proximal to the radial

styloid process.

Superficial radial n

Nervi vasorum

Skin disorders (LU-7, LI-4, ST-36, SP-10); neck

pain (LU-7, SI-3, local neck points); carpal pain

(palpate for tender points); dental pain

(LU-7, LI-4)

LU 9 (Tai Yuan, “Great Abyss”)

Distal to the radial styloid process, level

with the carpal joint, radial to the radial

a (i.e., toward the dew claw side).

Superficial radial n

Nervi vasorum

Arrhythmias (LU-9, PC-6), hemoptysis

(LU-9, LU-5); carpal pain (palpate for tender

points)

4

Large Intestine Large Intestine (LI)

5

Point Name & Location Relevant

Anatomy

Indications & Point Combinations

LI 4 (He Gu, “Union Valley”)

Midway along the shaft of the 2nd

metacarpal bone on its radial (dew

claw) side. Alternate location – in

the web space between the

dewclaw and digit II.

Radial n

Nervi vasorum in

carpal arterial

arch

Pain or skin irritation along the trajectory of the LI channel

(palpate, observe); headache (LI-4, palpate for pain and

source of head pain); sinus discomfort (LI-4, local sinus

points) sympathetic regulation (LI-4, ST-36, LR-3, GV-20)

LI 10 (Shou San Li, “Arm Three Li”)

2 cun distal to LI 11, between the

extensor carpi radialis and common

digital extensor mm.

Radial n Lateral elbow pain (palpate for extensor trigger points &

sources of local or referred pain); radial n injury (LI-10,

LI-11, LI-4, caudal cervical spinal n roots)

LI 11 (Qu Chi, “Pool at the Bend”)

At the lateral end of the cubital

crease of the flexed elbow.

Radial n Lateral elbow pain (palpate for extensor trigger points &

sources of local or referred pain); radial n injury (LI-10,

LI-11, LI-4, caudal cervical spinal n roots); immune

modulation and anti-inflammation (LI-11, LI-4, GV-14,

ST-36)

LI 15 (Jian Yu, “Shoulder Bone”)

Just cranial and distal to the

acromion process.

Suprascapular n

Axillary n

Shoulder joint pain (LI-15, TH-14, trigger points);

suprascapular n injury (LI-15, cervicothoracic spinal nn

roots, SI-11, SI-12)

LI 20 (Ying Xiang, “Welcome

Fragrance”)

Lateral to midpoint of the ala nasi.

Trigeminal n

Facial n

Rhinitis (LI-20, Yintang), sinusitis, local nasal disorders,

trigeminal neuritis affecting infraorbital n and branches

and thereby reducing nasal discomfort and stuffiness

6

Stomach (ST)

7


ST 2 (Si Bai, “Four Whites”)

At the infraorbital foramen.

Trigeminal n

Facial n

Maxillofacial pain (ST-2); nasal congestion (ST-2,

LI-20); trigeminal neuritis (ST-2, other affected

branches of CN V)

ST 4 (Di Cang, “Earth Granary”)

Lateral to the labial commissure.

Trigeminal n

Facial n

Facial n injury affecting labial or platysma m

function (ST-4, TH-17); orofacial pain (ST-4, ST-2)

ST 6 (Jia Che, “Cheek Carriage”)

In the belly of the masseter m.

Trigeminal n

Facial n

Masticatory pain (ST-6); trigeminal n dysfunction

leading to hypo- or hyper-tonic masseter m

ST 25 (Tian Shu, “Celestial Pivot”)

Approximately 2 cun lateral to the

center of the umbilicus, in the belly

of the rectus abdominis m.

L1 spinal n Abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, intestinal cramping

(ST-25, ST-36, BL-20, BL-21)

ST 34 (Liang Qiu, “Ridge Mound”)

2 cun proximal to the patella in the

vastus lateralis m, opposite SP 10.

Femoral n Stifle pain, instability, and/or dysfunction (ST-34,

ST-36, SP-9, SP-10); femoral n injury (ST-34, spinal

segmental input to L4-L6 spinal nn)

ST 35 (Du Bi, “Calf’s Nose”)

Lateral to the patellar ligament.

Femoral n Stifle pain (ST-35, ST-34, ST-36, SP-10, SP-9); patellar

tendinitis (Xiyan= lateral (ST 35) plus its opposite on

the medial aspect of the patellar tendon)

ST 36 (Zu San Li, “Leg 3 Miles”)

2 cun distal to the tibial plateau, 1

cun lateral to the tibia crest in the

belly of the cranial tibialis m.

Fibular n Stifle pain (ST-35, ST-34, ST-36, SP-10, SP-9); GI

problems and motility issues (ST-36), immune or

inflammatory problems (ST-36, LI-4, LI-11, GV-14);

pelvic limb dysfunction (ST-36, relevant

neuromuscular, peripheral nn, and spinal segments)

8

ST 40 (Feng Long, “Bountiful Bulge”)

Midway between the lateral

malleolus and the stifle joint

between the cranial tibialis and long

digital extensor mm.

Fibular n Gastrointestinal disorders involving fluid retention

or swelling (ST-40, ST-36, SP-6); lateral crus

myofascial dysfunction or hock instability (ST-40,

palpate for trigger points in the lateral extensors

and peroneal mm/tendons)

ST 41 (Jie Xi, “Stream Divide”)

On the dorsal hock, between the

tendons of the long digital extensor

and cranial tibialis mm, level with

the lateral malleolus.

Fibular n Tarsal pain and restricted motion (ST-41, ST-36, KI-3,

BL-60)

10

Spleen (SP)

11


Anatomy


SP 4 (Gong Sun, “Grandfather Grandson”)

Just distal to the base of the 2nd

metatarsal bone.

Medial plantar

n

Reproductive dysfunction (SP-4, PC-6, lumbosacral

spinal segments); medial pedal pain (SP-4, palpate for

tenderness)

SP 6 (San Yin Jiao, “Three Yin

Intersection”)

3 cun proximal to the medial malleolus

along the caudal border of the tibia.

Tibial n Pelvic problems, voiding dysfunction, or reproductive

dysfunction (SP-6, KI-3, relevant lumbosacral spinal

segments); pelvic limb edema (SP-6, SP-9; add manual

lymphatic drainage)

SP 9 (Yin Ling Quan, “Yin Mound Spring”)

Just distal to the medial tibial condyle.

Saphenous n Stifle pain (SP-9, ST-34, ST-36, SP-10); edema of the

hind limb (SP-9, SP-6); genital pain (SP-6, SP-9, BL-23,

BL-31, BL-32, BL33, Bai Hui); pelvic limb edema (SP-9,

SP-6; add manual lymphatic drainage)

SP 10 (Xue Hai, “Sea of Blood”)

On the medial side of the thigh, in the

vastus medialis m, 2 cun above the

craniomedial border of the patella.

Opposite ST 34, which is in the vastus

lateralis m.

Femoral n Stifle pain (SP-9, ST-34, ST-36, SP-10); reproductive

disorders (SP-6, SP-10, BL-23, BL-31, BL-32, BL-33,

Bai Hui); erythematous and/or pruritic skin conditions

(SP-10, LI-4, LI-11, ST-36, GV-14)

12

Heart (HT)

Heart (HT)

13


Anatom

y


HT 3 (Shao Hai, “Lesser Sea”)

At the medial end of the crease of the

flexed elbow, cranial to the medial

humeral epicondyle.

Ulnar n Emotional stress/anxiety (HT-3, HT-7, ST-36, GV-20); epilepsy

that worsens with stress (HT-3, LR-3, ST-36, GV-20, other

vagal neuromodulatory points); medial elbow pain (HT-3,

relevant trigger points or pain sites); ulnar neuropathy (HT-3,

HT-7, GV-14; palpate for myofascial regions of nerve

entrapment)

HT 7 (Shen Men, “Spirit Gate”)

On the lateral carpus, lateral to the

flexor carpi ulnaris and superficial digital

flexor tendons.

Ulnar n Emotional stress/anxiety (HT-7, ST-36, GV-20)

HT 8 (Shao Fu, “Lesser Palace”)

Enter caudal to the metacarpal pad

between the 4th

and 5th

metacarpals;

thread under the pad.

Ulnar n Thoracic limb neurologic dysfunction (HT-8, Baxie, caudal

cervical ventral spinal nerve points); degenerative joint

disease in the manus (HT-8, local tender points)

HT 9 (Shao Chong, “Lesser Rushing”)

On the radial aspect of the nail bed of

the 5th

(most lateral) digit of the manus.

Ulnar n Fever (HT-9, GV-14, GV-20); coma (HT-9, GV-20)

14

Small Intestine (SI)

Small Intestine (SI)

15


Anatomy


SI 3 (Hou Xi, “Back Stream”)

On the ulnar manus, just proximal to the 5th

metacarpophalangeal joint.

Ulnar n Cervicothoracic pain or nerve injury (SI-3, BL-10,

local tender points); local pain (SI-3, palpate for

tender points); ulnar neuropathy (SI-3, SI-8,

myofascial restriction entrapping ulnar n brr)

SI 8 (Xiao Hai, “Small Sea”)

Over the ulnar nerve groove between the

medial humeral epicondyle and the

olecranon process of the ulna.

Ulnar n Medial epicondylitis/elbow pain (SI-8, HT-3, local

points, trigger points); ulnar neuropathy (SI-8, SI-3,

HT-7, caudal spinal nn’s exit points on lateral neck)

SI 9 (Jian Zhen, “True Shoulder”)

In a depression on the caudal border of the

deltoid m, between the long and lateral

heads of the triceps brachii m.

Axillary n

Radial n

Shoulder or thoracic limb pain (SI-9, treat source of

pain (TH-14, LI-15 for joint pain; trigger points for

soft tissue pain, consider spinal n contribution)

SI 11 (Tian Zong, “Celestial Gathering”)

In the middle of the belly of the infraspinatus

m, in the infraspinous fossa.

Suprascapular

n

Myofascial dysfunction (SI-11, check for trigger

points in the triceps, digital extensors, etc.)

SI 12 (Bing Feng, “Grasping the Wind”)

In the middle of the belly of the

supraspinatus m, in the supraspinous fossa.

Suprascapular

n

Myofascial dysfunction (SI-12, other local trigger

points related to shoulder function)

SI 19 (Ting Gong, “Palace of Hearing”)

On the caudal zygomatic region, in a

depression rostral to the tragus, dorsal to

the condylar process of the mandible

(palpated readily with the mouth open).

Trigeminal n

Facial n

Otitis media and externa (SI-19, TH-17, TH-20);

temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain (SI-19, SI-18,

temporalis trigger points, BL-10)

16

B(BL)

Bladder (BL)

17


Anatomy


BL 1 (Jing Ming, “Bright Eyes”)

Immediately dorsal to the medial canthus.

Trigeminal n

Facial n

Epiphora, lacrimal duct dysfunction (BL-1,

ST-2). Needle cautiously.

BL 2 (Zan Zhu, “Gathered Bamboo”)

Directly above BL 1 along the orbital rim.

Trigeminal n

Facial n

Eye pain and keratoconjunctivitis sicca

(BL-2, TH-23, GB-1); frontal sinusitis (BL-2,

tender facial points)

BL 10 (Tian Zhu, “Celestial Pillar”)

Just caudal to the wing of the atlas on the

dorsolateral neck region.

Greater occipital

n (C2)

Cervical pain, tension (BL-10, local trigger

points, GV-14, tense inner Bladder line

points along the back, ST-36); headache

(BL-10, GV-20, local trigger and tender

points); vertigo (BL-10, GB-20, TH-20,

GB-34, GV-20, local tender points); nasal

obstruction (BL-10, LI-20, Yintang)

BL 11 (Da Zhu, “Great Shuttle”)

Lateral to the caudal border of the spinous

process of the 1st

thoracic vertebra, mid-way

from the spinous process to the medial border of

the scapula.

Cervicothoracic

spinal nn

Tension and pain locally or regionally (BL-11

and local tender/trigger points)

BL 12 (Feng Men, “Wind Gate”)


process of the 2nd

thoracic vertebra, midway

between the spinous process and the medial

border of the scapula.

Cervicothoracic

spinal nn

Early upper respiratory illness or lung

problem (BL-12, BL-13, LU-1, LU-7);

tracheal irritation (BL-12, CV-22)

BL 13 (Fei Shu, “Lung Shu”)

Same as BL 12 but lateral to T3.

Upper thoracic

spinal nn

Lung problems (BL-13, LU-1, GV-14, ST-36);

local pain

18

BL 14 (Jue Yin Shu, “Reverting Yin Shu”)

Same as BL 12 but lateral to T4.

Upper thoracic

spinal nn

Heart palpitations (BL-14, BL-15, PC-6,

ST-36); local pain

BL 15 (Xin Shu, “Heart Shu”)


process of the 5th

thoracic vertebra, between the

longissimus and iliocostalis mm.

Upper thoracic

spinal nn

Heart problems (BL-14, BL-15, PC-6, ST-36);

local pain; anxiety (BL-15, CV-17, HT-7,

GV-20, LR-3)

BL 17 (Ge Shu, “Diaphragm Shu”)


process of the 7th

thoracic vertebra, between the


Midthoracic

spinal nn

Hiccoughs, spasmodic coughs (BL-17,

CV-15, CV-22); local pain

BL 18 (Gan Shu, “Liver Shu”)


process of the 10th

thoracic vertebra, between

the longissimus and iliocostalis mm.

Midthoracic

spinal nn

Liver problems (BL-18, LR-14, ST-36); local

pain

BL 19 (Dan Shu, “Gall Bladder Shu”)


process of the 11th



Midthoracic

spinal nn

Hepatobiliary problems (BL-19, GB-24,

GB-34); local pain

BL 20 (Pi Shu, “Spleen Shu”)


process of the 12th



Caudal thoracic

spinal nn

Digestive problems, poor appetite, or

diarrhea (BL-20, BL-21, BL-25, ST-36, CV-12)

BL 21 (Wei Shu, “Stomach Shu”)


process of the 13th



Caudal thoracic

spinal nn

Digestive problems, poor appetite, or

diarrhea (BL-20, BL-21, ST-25, ST-36, CV-12)

19

BL 22 (San Jiao Shu, “Triple Burner Shu”)


process of the 1st

lumbar vertebra, between the


Thoracolumbar

spinal nn

Abdominal distension with fluid

accumulation (BL-22, CV-5, KI-16); adrenal

problems (BL-22, BL-23, BL-52)

BL 23 (Shen Shu, “Kidney Shu”)


process of the 2nd

lumbar vertebra, between the


Thoracolumbar

spinal nn

Kidney problems (BL-23, GB-25, KI-3, GV-4);

genitourinary disorders (BL-23, Bai Hui,

BL-28, CV-3, KI-3, SP-6, GV-20); lumbar and

pelvic pain (BL-23, BL-25, Bai Hui, SP-6,

local pain or trigger points,

BL-60, KI-3)

BL 25 (Da Chang Shu, “Large Intestine Shu”)


process of the 5th

umbar vertebra, between the


Cranial lumbar nn Intestinal pain, distension, poor digestion,

constipation, diarrhea (BL-21, BL-20, BL-25,

ST-25, ST-36)

BL 27 (Xiao Chang Shu, “Small Intestine Shu”)

Lateral to the 1st

sacral foramen, between the

medial border of the cranial dorsal iliac spine

and the sacrum.

S1 spinal n Genitourinary problems, including

incontinence, cystitis, prostatitis,

impotence (BL-27, BL-28, BL-23, Bai Hui,

KI-3, SP-6, CV-3); small intestine issues

(BL-27, CV-4, ST-36); sacroiliac dysfunction

BL 28 (Pang Guang Shu, “Bladder Shu”)

Lateral to the 2nd

sacral foramen, between the

medial border of the cranial dorsal iliac spine

and the sacrum.

S2 spinal n Genitourinary problems, including

incontinence, cystitis, feline urologic

syndrome, prostatitis, impotence (BL-27,

BL-28, BL-23, Bai Hui, KI-3, SP-6, CV-3);

sacroiliac dysfunction

20

BL 35 (Hui Yang, “Meeting of Yang”)

In the skin fold lateral to the base of the tail.

Sacral spinal nn Sacral pain, tail dysfunction (BL-35, GV-2,

local points); anorectal disorders (BL-35,

GV-1, BL-57,

Bai Hui), priapism (BL-35,

BL-31, BL-33, Bai Hui)

BL 36 (Cheng Fu, “Hold and Support”)

Ventral to the tuber ischii, at the attachments of

the semitendinosus and semimembranosus mm.

Sciatic n Sciatic neuralgia or nerve injury (BL-36,

BL-26, BL-27, BL-40, BL-39, KI-3); hamstring

mm tension/myofascial restriction (BL-36,

myofascial tender points)

BL 39 (Wei Yang, “Outside of the Crook”)

On the lateral end of the popliteal crease, just

medial to the tendon of the biceps femoris m

(Note: Location differs from equine).

Common fibular

n

Pelvic limb pain or paresis (BL-39, relevant

trigger points or points related to the

neurologic or spinal cord injury); urinary

retention or incontinence (BL-39, KI-3, SP-6,

BL-28, BL-23)

BL 40 (Wei Zhong, “Middle of the Crook”)

In the center of the popliteal fossa.

Tibial n Pelvic limb pain/paresis (BL-40, relevant

trigger points related to the neurologic or

spinal cord injury); urinary retention (BL-40,

KI-3, SP-6, BL-28, BL-23); stifle pain (BL-40,

ST-36, ST-34, SP-9, SP-10)

BL 52 (Zhi Shi, “Residence of the Will”)

3 cun lateral to the caudal border of the spinous

process of L2, at the lateral border of the

iliocostalis m, level with BL 23.

Thoracolumbar

spinal nn

Kidney problems (BL-23, BL-52, GB-25, KI-3,

GV-4); genitourinary disorders (BL-23,

BL-28, BL-31, BL-33, CV-3, KI-3, SP-6);

lumbar or pelvic pain (BL-23, BL-52, Bai Hui,

SP-6, local pain or trigger points, BL-60,

KI-3)

21

BL 54 (Zhi Bian, “Sequential Limit”)

Just dorsal to the greater trochanter.

Sciatic n Hip or gluteal pain (BL-54, GB-29, GB-30);

sciatic n dysfunction (BL-54, GB-30, BL-36,

BL-40, BL-39, BL-60, KI-3)

BL 60 (Kun Lun, “Kunlun Mountains”)

Between the lateral malleolus and the calcaneal

tendon.

Fibular n

Tibial n

Spinal or pelvic limb pain (BL-60,

local/myofascial trigger points related to

the pain problem)

BL 62 (Shen Mai, “Extending Vessel”)

Just caudodistal to the lateral malleolus.

Fibular n

Tibial n

Tarsal pain (BL-62, local points and

myofascial trigger points related to the pain

problem)

BL 67 (Zhi Yin, “Reaching Yin”)

Lateral to the nail bed of the most lateral (5th

)

digit of the pes.

Fibular n

Tibial n

Malposition of the fetus (BL-67); placental

retention (BL-67, BL-31, BL-33, Bai Hui);

distal stimulation of digital nn for pelvic

limb neuropraxia

22

Kidney (KI)

23


Anatomy


KI 1 (Yong Quan, “Gushing Spring”)

Between the 2nd

and 3rd

metatarsal

bones, under the metatarsal pad.

Tibial n Shock (KI-1, HT-9, GV-26); coma (KI-1, GV-20, Yintang); pain

or swelling of the pes (KI-1, Bafeng); neuropraxia of the

pelvic limb (KI-1, ST-36, Bafeng, related peripheral nerves,

spinal segments); status epilepticus

KI 3 (Tai Xi, “Supreme Stream”)

In the depression between the

medial malleolus and the calcaneal

tendon.

Tibial n Urinary problems (KI-3, SP-6, BL-23, BL-28, CV-3, Bai Hui);

reproductive problems (KI-3, SP-6, SP-10, Bai Hui, BL-27,

BL-28, GV-20); voiding dysfunction in general

KI 6 (Zhao Hai, “Shining Sea”)

Just craniodistal to the medial

malleolus.

Tibial n Tarsal pain (KI-6, BL-62, relevant painful points)

KI 7 (Fu Liu, “Returning Current")

2 cun proximal to the tip of the

medial malleolus just cranial to the

calcaneal tendon.

Tibial n Calcaneal tendinitis/pain (KI-7, relevant local points)

24

Pericardium (PC)

25


Anatomy


PC 3 (Qu Ze, “Marsh at the Crook”)

In the cubital crease, on the medial side of

the biceps brachii tendon.

Median n Bicipital tendon pain (PC-3, LU-5); median n injury

(PC-3, PC-6)

PC 6 (Nei Guan, “Inner Pass”)

2 cun proximal to the carpal joint, between

the tendons of the flexor digitorum

superficialis and flexor carpi radialis.

Median n Nausea and vomiting (PC-6); cardiac arrhythmias (PC-6,

HT-7); disorders of the cranial GI tract (PC-6, ST-36);

agitation (PC-6, HT-7, LR-3, GV-20)

PC 8 (Lao Gong, “Palace of Toil”)

Between the 2nd

and 3rd

metacarpal bones,

under the pad.

Median n Thoracic limb neurologic dysfunction (PC-8, Baxie,

relevant neural pathways); thermoregulation disorders

of the manus; palmar pain

Triple Heater (TH)

26

27


Anatomy


TH 3 (Zhong Zhu, “Central Islet”)

On the dorsal manus, proximal to the 4th

and 5th

metacarpophalangeal joints.

Radial n

Ulnar n

Local pain in the manus, digits

TH 5 (Wai Guan, “Outer Pass”)

2 cun proximal to the carpus between the

radius and ulna.

Radial n Local pain, distal antebrachium; myofascial

restriction of the extensors of the antebrachium

TH 10 (Tian Jing, “Celestial Well”)

1 cun proximal to the olecranon at the

tendinomuscular intersection of the long head

of the triceps brachii m.

Ulnar n Elbow pain related to triceps restriction, triceps

tendinopathy at the olecranon process, or

enthesiopathy (TH-10, local points)

TH 14 (Jian Liao, “Shoulder Crevice”)

Caudodistal to the acromion.

Suprascapular

n

Shoulder pain (TH-14, LI-15, local tension or pain

points); suprascapular n injury (TH-14, LI-15,

SI-11, SI-12, caudal cervical ventral nerve root

points)

TH 17 (Yi Feng, “Wind Screen”)

Ventral to the ear, between the wing of the

atlas and the mandibular process.

Facial n Facial n injury (TH-17; add points along involved

facial n brr)

TH 21 (Er Men, “Ear Gate”)

Rostroventral to the pretragic notch, dorsal to

the condylar process when the mouth is open.

Trigeminal n

Facial n

TMJ dysfunction (TH-21, SI-19, SI-18); facial n

injury involving auriculopalpebral br of CN VII

(TH-21, GB-2, TH-17)

TH 23 (Si Zhu Kong, “Silken Bamboo Hollow”)

Lateral to the zygomatic process of the frontal

bone.

CN V, CN VII Eye pain, dry eye (TH-23, GB-1, BL-2, BL-10,

ST-36)

Gallbladder

(GB)

28

31


Anatomy


GB 1 (Tong Zi Liao, “Pupil Crevice”)

Near the lateral canthus, dorsal to the frontal

process of the zygomatic bone.

Trigeminal n

Facial n

Eye pain, dry eye (TH-23, GB-1, BL-2, BL-10,

ST-36); facial n injury (TH-17, GB-1, relevant facial

n branches/associated points)

GB 2 (Ting Hui, “Auditory Convergence”)

Ventral to the intertragic incisure, at the

caudal border of the condylar process of the

mandible, located with mouth open.

Trigeminal n

Facial n

C2 spinal n

Ear problems, including otitis media (GB-2, TH-17,

TH-21, BL-10, GV-14); facial numbness and

paralysis (GB-2, relevant facial n

branches/associated points); TMJ dysfunction

(TH-21, SI-19, GB-2, SI-18)

GB 14 (Yang Bai, “Whiteness of Yang”)

1 cun above the orbital rim in line with the

pupil.

Trigeminal n

Facial n

Frontal sinusitis and headaches (GB-14, BL-2,

BL-10, GV-20); eye pain (GB-14, local eye points);

epilepsy (GB-14, GV-20, ST-36, BL-10, other

pertinent points for patient stress or

cervicocephalic myofascial dysfunction)

GB 20 (Feng Chi, “Wind Pool”)

Craniolateral to BL-10, between the

attachments of the sterno-occipitalis portion

of the sternocephalicus and the cleidocervical

portion of the brachiocephalicus m; caudal to

the base of the ear.

Facial n

C2 spinal n

Early upper respiratory infection (GB-20, GV-14,

LI-4, LU-7); head and neck pain (GB-20, BL-10,

tender and local points), eye problems (GB-20,

GV-20, local eye points), vertigo (GB-20, BL-10,

GV-20, GB-34, TH-17, Yintang)

GB 21 (Jian Jing, “Shoulder Well”)

Midpoint of the cranial border of the scapula.

Caudal

cervical spinal

nn

Local or regional muscle tension (GB-21, local

tender or trigger points); thoracic limb

dysfunction (involvement of local mm identified

by palpation)

32

GB 24 (Ri Yue, “Sun and Moon”)

In a depression ventral to the costochondral

junction at the 9th

intercostal space,

caudodorsal to LR-14.

Midthoracic

spinal nn

Hepatobiliary problems (GB-24, LR-14, ST-36,

LR-3); intercostal neuralgia (GB-24, tender local

points); regional pain (GB-24, local tender or

trigger points)

GB 25 (Jing Men, “Capital Gate”)

On the lateral side of the abdomen, at the tip

of the 13th

rib.

Caudal

thoracic

spinal nn

Kidney problems (GB-25, BL-23, BL-52, GV-4);

regional pain (GB-25, local points)

GB 29 (Ju Liao, “Squatting Bone-Hole”)

One-third the distance from the greater

trochanter to the cranial dorsal iliac spine.

Cranial

gluteal n

Hip problems (GB-29, GB-30, BL-54, local tender

or trigger points)

GB 30 (Huan Tiao, “Jumping Round”)

Midway between the greater trochanter and

the tuber ischii.

Sciatic n Hip problems (GB-29, GB-30, BL-54, local tender

or trigger points); sciatic n dysfunction (GB-30,

BL-54, BL-36, BL-37, BL-39, BL-40, Bafeng); sciatic

pain

(GB-30, BL-26 BL-27, Bai Hui, BL-37, ST-36, BL-60)

GB 31 (Feng Shi, “Wind Market”)

On the midline of the lateral aspect of the

thigh, 7 cun above the popliteal crease.

Femoral n

Sciatic n

Hip or pelvic limb pain or neurologic dysfunction

(use as local point in addition to GB-29, GB-30,

BL-54, local tender or trigger points)

GB 33 (Xi Yang Guan, “Knee Yang Joint”)

On the lateral stifle, proximal to the joint line,

in a depression caudal to the femur in the

biceps femoris m.

Fibular n Pain, arthritis, and/or edema of the stifle (GB-33,

local stifle points, palpate for tender points)

33

GB 34 (Yang Ling Quan, “Yang Mound Spring”)

In the depression cranial and distal to the

fibular head.

Fibular n Stifle pain (GB-34, GB-33, ST-36, SP-9, SP-10);

musculotendinous pain or tension (GB-34 plus

local tender points); hepatobiliary disorders

(GB-34, GB-24, LR-14, BL-19, BL-18); lateral pelvic

limb or hip discomfort (GB-34, regional points)

GB 39 (Jue Gu, “Severed Bone”)

3 cun proximal to the lateral malleolus in the

depression between the caudal border of the

fibula and the tendons of the peroneus

(fibularis) longus and brevis mm.

Fibular n Pelvic limb pain, movement problems and/or

stiffness (GB-39, local points, regional points,

tender points); bone marrow disorders (GB-39,

ST-36, BL-17)

GB 41 (Zu Lin Qi, “Foot Governor of Tears”)

In the depression distal to the junction of the

4th

and 5th

metatarsals, lateral to the extensor

digitorum longus tendon.

Fibular n Local foot pain (GB-41 plus local or tender

points); eye problems (GB-41 plus local eye

points)

34

Liver (LR)

35


Anatomy


LR 2 (Xing Jian, “Moving

Between”)

Between the 2nd

and 3rd

digit

of the pelvic limb, distal to

the metatarsophalangeal

joint.

Deep fibular n Pelvic limb paresis (LR-2 as part of the Bafeng points, ST-36,

relevant spinal segments); agitation (LR-2, HT-7, GV-20)

LR 3 (Tai Chong, “Great

Rushing”)

Midway along the groove

between the 2nd

and 3rd

metatarsal bones.

Deep fibular n Seizures (LR-3, ST-36, HT-3, GV-20, Sishencong, BL-10); anxiety

(LR-3, HT-3, GV-20); foot pain (LR-3, local pain problems);

hepatobiliary disorders (LR-3, ST-36, LR-14, GB-24, BL-18, BL-19);

headaches (LR-3, LI-4, GV-20, local painful points on the head);

genital pain or inflammation (LR-3, SP-6, BL-25, BL-27, Bai Hui);

endocrine and metabolic disorders (LR-3, LI-4, ST-36, appropriate

visceral spinal segmental points)

LR 8 (Qu Quan, “Spring at the

Crook”)

On the medial side of the

stifle joint, caudodistal to

medial condyle of the femur,

at the level of the joint line.

Saphenous n

Tibial n (to

joint capsule)

Reproductive disorders (genital pain or inflammation (LR-8, SP-6,

BL-25, BL-27, Bai Hui); respiratory allergies (LR-8, LI-4, LU-7, LI-11),

urticaria (LR-8, SP-10, LI-4, ST-36); stifle problems and pain (GB-34,

GB-33, ST-36, SP-9, SP-10, LR-8)

36

LR 13 (Zhang Men, “Screen

Gate”)

On the lateral side of the

abdomen, just ventral and

cranial to the tip of the 12th

rib.

Caudal

thoracic

spinal nn

Digestive problems, vomiting, abdominal swelling, diarrhea (LR-13,

ST-36, SP-6, CV-12)

LR 14 (Qi Men, “Cycle Gate”)

On the mammary line, at the

level of the 8th

intercostal

space.

Midthoracic

spinal nn

Digestive problems, vomiting, abdominal swelling, diarrhea (LR-14,

ST-36, SP-6, CV-12); hiccups (LR-14, CV-15, CV-22, BL-17 (consider

firm acupressure at these sites)

38

Conception Vessel (CV)

39


Anatomy


CV 1 (Hui Yin, “Meeting of Yin”)

On the perineal region, in the depression between

the anus and the caudal border of the scrotum in

males, or caudal labial commissure in females.

Sacral spinal nn Emergency resuscitation of a drowned

patient (CV-1, GV-26); genitourinary

problems (CV-1, CV-3, BL-23, BL-28,

KI-3, SP-6)

CV 3 (Zhong Ji, “Central Pole”)

4 cun caudal to the umbilicus = 1 cun cranial to the

symphysis pubis, on the midline.

Cranial lumbar

spinal nn

Genitourinary, especially bladder,

problems (CV-1, CV-3, BL-23, BL-28,

KI-3, SP-6)

CV 4 (Guan Yuan, “Gate of Origin”)



Cranial lumbar

spinal nn

Uterine problems (CV-4, BL-31 to BL-33,

SP-6, LR-8)

CV 5 (Shi Men, “Stone Gate”)



Cranial lumbar

spinal nn

Caudal abdominal pain (CV-5, ST-36),

ascites (CV-5, BL-22, ST-25, SP-9)

CV 6 (Qi Hai, “Sea of Qi”)

1.5 cun caudal to the umbilicus = 3.5 cun cranial to

the symphysis pubis, on the midline.

Cranial lumbar

spinal nn

Periumbilical abdominal pain (CV-6,

ST-25, ST-36), ascites (CV-6, BL-22,

ST-25, SP-9)

CV 8 (Shen Que, “Spirit Gateway”)

In the center of the umbilicus.

L1 spinal n Avoid needling here; warm with moxa

or laser; diarrhea (CV-8, ST-25, ST-36)

CV 12 (Zhong Guan, “Middle Cavity”)

Halfway between the umbilicus and the xiphisternal

synchondrosis, on the midline.

Midthoracic

spinal nn

Abdominal problems, including

processes of food absorption and

assimilation

(CV-12, BL-21, ST-36, SP-6)

40

CV 14 (Ju Que, “Great Tower Gate”)

Halfway between CV 12 and the xiphisternal

synchondrosis, on the midline.

Midthoracic

spinal nn

Anxiety (CV-14, HT-7, LR-3, GV-20),

palpitations, emesis, or emotional

problems upsetting the stomach

(CV-14, PC-6, LR-3)

CV 17 (Shan Zhong, “Chest Center”)

On the ventral midline, at the level of the fourth

intercostal space.

Cranial thoracic

spinal nn

Anxiety, stress, or cardiac problems

(CV-17, BL-14, BL-15, GV-20, HT-7);

coughing, chest discomfort (CV-17,

LU-1, BL-13, LU-7; consider LI-4, LU-5)

CV 22 (Tian Tu, “Celestial Chimney”)

At the cranial tip of the manubrium.

Cervicothoracic

spinal nn

Thyroid, throat, and tongue issues

(CV-22, CV-23, ST-9, LI-4); cough,

asthma, other respiratory problems

(CV-22, LU-7, BL-23, BL-13, LU-1);

hiccups (CV-22, BL-17)

42

Governor Vessel (GV)

43


Anatomy


GV 1 (Chang Qiang, “Long

Strong”

In the depression between

the anus and base of the tail.

Sacral nn Diarrhea (GV-1), fecal incontinence (GV-1, BL-39, GVT), rectal

prolapse (GV-1, Bai Hui), ejaculatory problems (GV-1, Bai Hui,

BL-27, BL-28)

GV 2 (Yao Shu, “Lumbar

Shu”)

Sacrocaudal junction.

Sacral nn Anal dysfunction (GV-2 +/- GV-1, BL-35, sacral nn points)

GV 3 (Yao Yang Guan,

“Lumbar Yang Gate”)

Along the dorsal midline in

the depression caudal to the

spinous process of L4.

Midlumbar

spinal nn

Lumbar pain (GV-3, BL-23, BL-25)

GV 4 (Ming Men, “Life Gate”)

Along the dorsal midline in

the depression caudal to the

spinous process of L2.

Thoracolumbar

spinal nn

Lumbar pain (GV-4, BL-23, local lumbar tender and trigger points,

BL-40, BL-60), pelvic analgesia (GV-4, BL-23, BL-25, SP-6),

genitourinary dysfunction (GV-4, BL-27, BL-28, SP-6)

GV 14 (Daz Hui, “Great

Vertebra”

On the midline, between the

dorsal spinous processes of

the last cervical and first

thoracic vertebrae.

Cervicothoracic

spinal nn

Neck and back pain (GV-14, spinal segmental and tender or

trigger points), thoracic limb pain and weakness (GV-14,

pertinent points according to neurologic injury or pain),

respiratory problems (GV-14, BL-13, LU-1, LU-7, ST-36), epilepsy

(GV-14, GV-20, ST-36, LR-3, HT-3), fever (GV-14, LI-4, LI-11,

GV-20), immunologic dysfunction (GV-14, LI-4, ST-36, SP-10)

44

GV 20 (Bai Hui, “100

Convergences”)

On the dorsal midline of the

skull, in a notch at the rostral

end of the external sagittal

crest (a.k.a., “parietal crest”).

Trigeminal n

Cranial cervical

spinal nn

Agitation (GV-20, HT-7, LR-2), epilepsy (GV-20, ST-36, HT-7, PC-6,

local head and neck points), headaches (GV-20, local points),

dizziness (GV-20, BL-10 or GB-20, GB-34, LR-3), cerebrovascular

accident (GV-20, pertinent points related to neurologic

dysfunction and brain area(s) affected)

GV 26 (Shui Gou, “Water

Trough”)

In the intersection of the “T”

formed below the nose, in the

philtrum.

Trigeminal n

Facial n

Cardiopulmonary collapse (vigorous stimulation of GV-26), status

epilepticus (GV-26)

46

Extra Points

47


Bai Hui (“100 Convergences”)

A depression on the dorsal midline in the

lumbosacral space.

Mid- to caudal lumbar

spinal nn

Lumbosacral pain (Bai Hui, local tender or

trigger points, BL-40, BL-60), pelvic limb

pain or neurologic dysfunction (Bai Hui,

relevant points for pain or neurologic

dysfunction), pelvic organ or reproductive

problems (Bai Hui, BL-27, BL-28, SP-6,

KI-3)

Yintang (“Hall of Impression”)

On the dorsal midline of the head, between

the eyebrow equivalents.

Trigeminal n

Facial n

Frontal sinusitis (Yintang, BL-2, GB-14,

GV-20, BL-10), frontal headache (Yintang,

trigger points, BL-10, LI-4), epilepsy

(Yintang, GV-20, LR-3, ST-36, GV-14)

Cervical spinal nerve points

(not shown)

In the groove at the lateral aspect of the

neck along the course of the

omotransversarius m.

Cervical spinal nn Cervical intervertebral disk disease, neck

pain (add relevant trigger points)

Xiyan (“Eyes of the Knee”)

A pair of points in the depressions medial

and lateral to the patellar ligament; the

lateral point = ST-35.

Saphenous n Stifle joint pain (Xiyan, ST-36, ST-34, SP-9,

SP-10); patellar tendinitis (Xiyan)

Baxie (“Eight Evils”)

Points located on the dorsum of the front

paw, distal to the metacarpophalangeal

Digital nn Thoracic limb neuropraxia (Baxie, relevant

neurologic pathways and spinal

segments), manus discomfort (Baxie,

48

joints, proximal to the web margins. tender points)

Bafeng (“Eight Winds”)

Points located on the dorsum of the hind

paw, distal to the metatarsophalangeal

joints, proximal to the web margins.

Digital nn Pelvic limb neuropraxia (Bafeng, relevant

neurologic pathways and spinal

segments), pedal discomfort (Bafeng,

tender points)

GVT or Weijian (“Tip of Tail”)

At the tip of the tail.

Caudal spinal nn Fecal incontinence (GVT or points at

lateral aspect of tail where spinal nn exit);

tail neuropraxia. Often, a more

productive point is found on the lateral

aspects of the tail at the junction of the

most proximal and middle thirds.

49

Canine Shu Points Equine Shu Points Associated Organ

BL 13 Lateral to the caudal border of the

spinous process of the T3 vertebra, midway

between the spinous process and the

medial border of the scapula.

BL 13 3 cun lateral to the dorsal midline, at

the caudal edge of the scapular cartilage in

the 8th

intercostal space, between the


Lung

BL 14 Same as BL 13, but lateral to T4. BL 14 3 cun lateral to the dorsal midline, in

the 9th

intercostal space, between the


Pericardium

BL 15 Lateral to the caudal border of the

spinous process of the 5th

thoracic vertebra,

between the longissimus and iliocostalis

mm, lateral to T5.

BL 15 In line with BL 14, lateral to T10. Heart

BL 18 In line with BL 15, lateral to T10. BL 18 In line with BL 14, lateral to T13 and

T14.

Liver

BL 19 In line with BL 15, lateral to T11. BL 19 In line with BL 14, lateral to T15. Gallbladder

BL 20 In line with BL 15, lateral to T12. BL 20 In line with BL 14, lateral to T17. Spleen

BL 21 In line with BL 15, but lateral to

T13.

BL 21 In line with BL 14, lateral to T18. Stomach

BL 22 In line with BL 15, lateral to L1. BL 22 In line with BL 14, between L1 and

L2.

Triple Heater


L3.

Kidney

50


L6, or between L4 and L5 if the horse lacks an

L6.

Large Intestine

BL 27 Lateral to the S1 foramen, between

the medial border of the dorsal sacral iliac

spine and the sacrum.

BL 27 3 cun lateral to the dorsal midline,

between the spinous processes of S1 and S2.

Small Intestine

BL 28 Lateral to the S2 foramen, between

the medial border of the dorsal iliac spine

and the sacrum.

BL 28 3 cun lateral to the dorsal midline,

between the spinous processes of S2 and S3.

Urinary Bladder

51

Canine Mu Points Equine Mu Points Associated Organ

LU 1 On the chest, medial to the greater

tubercle of the humerus, in the 1st

intercostal space.

LU 1 In the center of the descending

pectoral m, medial to the humerus, directly

medial to the cephalic vein, in the 1st

intercostal space.

Lung

CV 17 On the ventral midline, at the level

of the 4th

intercostal space.

CV 17 On the ventral midline, in a large

depression, at the level of the caudal border

of the olecranon.

Pericardium

CV 14 Midway between CV-12 and the

xiphisternal synchondrosis, on the midline.

CV 14 On the ventral midline at about the

level of the xiphoid.

Heart

LR 14 On the mammary line, at the level

of the 8th

intercostal space.

LR 14 In the 13th

intercostal space at the

level of the elbow, between the external

abdominal oblique m and the internal and

external intercostal mm.

Liver

GB 24 In a depression ventral to the

costochondral junction at the 9th

intercostal

space, caudodorsal to LR 14.

GB 24 In the 14th

intercostal space, just

caudodorsal to LR 14.

Gallbladder

LR 13 On the lateral abdomen, just

cranioventral to the tip of the 12th

rib.

LR 13 At the distal end of the 17th

rib. Spleen

CV 12 Midway between the umbilicus and

the xiphisternal synchondrosis, on the

midline.

CV 12 On the ventral midline, midway

between the xiphoid process and the

umbilicus.

Stomach

CV 5 2 cun caudal to the umbilicus, 3 cun

cranial to the symphysis pubis, on the

midline.

CV 5 On the ventral midline, halfway

between the pubic symphysis and the

umbilicus.

Triple Heater

52

GB 25 On the lateral abdomen, at the tip

of the 13th

rib.

GB 25 Midway on a vertical line drawn from

the caudal border of the costochondral

junction of the 18th

rib to the ventral border

of the iliocostalis m.

Kidney

ST 25 Approximately 2 cun lateral to the

center of the umbilicus, in the rectus

abdominis m, midway between its lateral

border (linea semilunaris) and the linea

alba.

ST 25 1.5 cun lateral to the umbilicus. Large Intestine



midline.



midline.

Small Intestine



midline.

CV 3 4 cun caudal to the umbilicus on the

ventral midline.

Urinary Bladder

dog manual_with cover

Documents

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