DoD 5.0 Planning Meeting w/ ESSA

June 24, 2010

GCMRC CONTRACTCooperative Agreement 

Support in Geographic and Geomorphic Information Analysis for the Colorado River in Grand Canyon 

John C. Schmidt and Joseph E. WheatonDepartment of Watershed SciencesUtah State University 

and 

Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research CenterSouthwest Biological Research StationU. S. Geological Survey 

Period of Agreement: May 1, 2010 –  June 1, 2011 

GCMRC SCOPE OF WORK

(a) Peer -reviewable paper on geomorphic organization of the Colorado River, including the subjects of the minimum surface, grain size distribution, relation to debris fans — essentially the underlying structure of the river bed. Topic of the paper is  “Geomorphic framework of the Colorado River in GC.” (Schmidt – lead responsibility) (b) Re-calculation of a sand budget for Grand Canyon (Grams – lead responsibility; Schmidt – secondary responsibility)

(c) Sampling sand bars issue – peer reviewable paper involving an interplay among statistics, sampling design, geomorphic organization, and uncertainty and imprecision (Kilham lead responsibility)

(d) Development and testing of bespoke DEM Uncertainty Analysis Software for GCMRC staff to aid in change detection analysis work. Software would be open source and extendible, and can be run as an ArcGIS Plug-In or a stand-alone command-prompt application. Toolkit would be built to handle multiple survey data types simultaneously including single-beam, multi-beam, total-station, GPS, and LiDaR.  A peer-reviewed manuscript or technical report on the methods behind the tool would be produced as well as complete software documentation and help files. (Wheaton – lead responsibility).

(e) Assist in analysis and interpretation of topographic time series. GCMRC staff and collaborators would be trained in application of software from (d) and we would help provide direction and aid in interpretation of data. Peer-reviewed manuscript to result from this interpretation work (Kilham lead responsibility; Wheaton secondary responsibility).

(f) Provide, as needed, review and guidance on change detection analysis and uncertainty work to GCMRC staff and collaborators.(Wheaton – lead responsibility) 

ACTUAL SCOPE OF WORK

Extend capability of DoD 4.0 to:• Allow users to start with point cloud data,

and have attribute field of survey type (automatic handling for hybrid surveys)

• Extend FSI• Allow users to build inputs to FIS and DoD

within program/project (e.g. points -> DEM, point density, slope anlaysis, roughness, etc.)

ACTUAL SCOPE OF WORK

Extend capability of DoD 4.0 to:• Add user interface and visualization tool for

Elevation Change Distributions• Add calculation of +/- errors for each elevation

change bin and use to show whiskers on ECDs and add summed errors to net terms (in gross and segregated ECDs)

• RBT – Cross Compatibility– Be able to visualize cross sections or profiles of

difference surfaces and error surfaces… (cross section explorer)

ACTUAL SCOPE OF WORK

Extend capability of DoD 4.0 to:• Add simulation intercomparison tool

(similar to cross section explorer but for ECDs)

• Add option to visualize threshold (spatially) like you do for your bankfull polygon.

• Add

VERSIONS

• Plug-In• ArcGIS 9.X• ArcGIS 10.X

THE PLUG-IN

PROJECT BASED

DoD Anlaysis•New Project•Load Project

•Load Input Data

•New Simulation•Load Simulation•Configure Simulation•Batch Simulations

•Masking

•Help

INPUTS

DEM ERROR ANALYSIS

DOD UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS

CHRIS’S LISTInstaller• Have it check for ArcGIS .NET assemblies • Figure out which files associated with the dlls can go• Arc10 InstallerGUI• Load input data option on menu needs to move data to

Input folder• Clear button on the dialog• Fix annoying message about folder existing• Make it use the .lyr files• Status bar• Show trace when catch an error

CHRIS’S LIST

C++• Change plots so they don't default to such large increments on

the y axis• Get true type fonts to work in the plots• Make it write other file types ???• Figure out how to calculate stats and make them stick for

GeoTiffs?• Build pyramids• Fix FIS parser? • Histogram code - change it to use data source objects so it can

work on a subset of the image• Make conditional probability grids (path 5?)

CHRIS’S LIST

Budget segregation• Using two masks• Standardized plots• Copy mask to input folder

DEM DIFFERENCINGSimple method of quantifying

spatial variations in change in storage terms of a sediment budget.

© Wheaton (2008)Mclean & Church (1988) – Water Resources Research

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CONSERVATION OF MASS VOLUMETRIC

Porosity of bed material

Volumetric rate of bed material transport

RASTER CALCULATOR….

LETS APPLY THIS WITH A REAL EXAMPLE

APPLY FIS ON CELL BY CELL BASIS

WHAT DOES FIS DO?• Recovers some low magnitude change & discards some higher magnitude

change• More realistic bimodal distribution…

Wet

Year

Dry

Year

Unthresholded Spatailly-Uniform

minLoD =+/- 10cm

FIS95% C.I.

UPDATE USING BAYES THEOREM

• P(Ej|A) is updated (posterior probability)• P(Ej) is initial probability (a priori probability)• P(A|Ej) is conditional probability using spatial coherence filter (new information)•Subscript i denotes inverse probability

p E j A p A E J p E j p A EJ p E j p A E i p E i

DoD 3.0 PATHWAYS

Six pathways... (Pathway 4 shown at right)

See documentation...

DoD 4.0… NO PATHWAYS, JUST ArcGIS

Just a quick demo of things to come…

DoD 4.0 – Other Versions

• C++ Source Code (dll)• Functionality can be accessed using:

– Stand-alone Windows GUI Version– Command Prompt utilities (from Linux, Mac or

Windows)– Web Application (browser-based, reduced

functionality)

USE MASKS TO SEGREGATE DoD

What are the individual mechanisms of net change?

ARTICULATE THE ARM-WAVING AS MASK

• Qualitative geomorphic interpretations are easy (and useful)

• Translate these to quantitative analyses by using as classification mask for DoD segregation

SESSION DETAIL PLAN – IV.

IV. Interpreting DoDs

A. How to interpret DoDs using masks

B. Simple geomorphic interpretation example

THREE TYPES OF MASKS

Just a way of spatially segregating budget to ask questions and query budget results.

1.Standard Classification

2.Classification of Difference

3.Geomorphic Interpretation

Just polygons…

Segregates both DoD & its Elevation Change Distribution…

1. STANDARD CLASSIFCATION

• Any classification that is of:– The pre-survey– The post-survey– Or Time Independent

• Examples:– Morphological Units– Habitat Classification– Administrative Bndys– Reaches

2. CLASSIFICATION OF DIFFERENCE

• The difference is defined by all possible combinations of class change or stability

• Same classification used for earlier and later surveys

• Good for looking at correlation between geomorphic change and categorical change

• The N2 problem

CoD APPLIED…

• The largest class was in a stable class (bar to bar)

• Inferences about processes can be made (i.e. bar to channel erosional)

3. GEOMORPHIC INTERPRETATION

• Instead of mask being based on one point in time, this is based on the change surface itself (i.e. the DoD)

• Multiple lines of evidence can be used beyond DoD

• You define geomorphic processes of interest

DOMINANT OR UNIQUE SIGNATURES?

WHERE HAVE WE APPLIED THIS?

• River Feshie, Scotland• River Rees, New Zealand• Bridge Creek, Oregon• Asotin Creek, Washington• Logan River, UT• Sulphur Creek, California• Mokelumne River, California• Yuba River, California• Highland Water, England• Provo River, Utah

In the next year:• Grand Canyon, Arizona• Yampa River, Colorado• Trinity River, California• Lemhi River, Idaho• Salmon Falls Landslide, Idaho