Steel Structure

# Safety # Cost

# MATERIAL AVAILABILITY # CONSTRUCTION

SCHEDULING # DESIGN POSSIBILITIES

Concrete

# Safety # Cost

# MATERIAL AVAILABILITY # CONSTRUCTION

SCHEDULING # DESIGN POSSIBILITIES

Allianz Arena “A vision of the future becomes reality”

History - March 1997 The two Munich clubs achieved some

remarkable successes this year. FC Bayern München won the championship again, and TSV 1860 München took part in the UEFA Cup. According to Franz Beckenbauer, "Watching football should be fun and a great experience for everyone." And that is precisely why the fans are demanding a new stadium designed for football.

• -September 1997 The administrative board of FC Bayern München, which is chaired by Bavaria's Minister President Edmund Stoiber, votes to build a stadium for its team. Around 500 million German marks are to be invested in the project.

•- January 2001 FC Bayern and TSV 1860 form a coalition to construct a new stadium for their teams. A seating capacity of 66,000 and modern architecture are to attract spectators to the stadium. The new site will be Munich Fröttmaning and Allianz Arena replaced Munich old Olympistadion. 5 August 2005 , A capacity 66,000 crowd witness Bayern defeat Borussia Mönchengladbach in the Bundesliga opening match, the first-ever competitive fixture at the new

stadium. • -In April 2006 Bayren Munchen have acquired a 100 percent stake

in the Allianz Arena after they paid €11 million to Munchen 1860. • -The Allianz Arena hosted the prestigious Opening Match, three

preliminary round games, one quarter-final and one semi-final, a total of six games of FIFA World Cup 2006.

• -The Allianz Arena was hold Champions League Final in 2012 . • -The Allianz Arena will hold EURO 2020.

•.

Construction Architect : Herzog and de MeuronContractor : Alpine BauConstruction period : 2002-2005Cost of project : 340 million euroLocation : MunichCountry : Germany

> Stadium and Esplanade structure

•1-Concrete used in stadium: approx. 120,000 m32-Steel used in stadium: approx. 22,000 t3-Foundations: 180 t, size of a family house, loading up to 1,500 t4-350 inclined supporting pillars, 50 to each level5-Supporting pillars (cross-section: 65 cm, length: 6 m) have maximum bearing load of 10,000 kN (~1,000 t)6-8 stairwells, 15 cascade stairways at intervals of 45 m7-External façade (under inflated panels)

9-Area: approx. 12,000 m², glazed area: approx. 5,000 m²• #Internal façade (Business Club):

1-Area. approx. 350 m², glazed area approx. 300 m²2-Executive boxes:3-Area: approx. 3,000 m2, glazed area: approx. 2,000 m2# Tiers:1-2,446 pre-cast elements2-3,985 stair elements laid on terraces3-132, 000 drill holes for the 66,000 seats

• #Esplanade (4 car parks each on 4 levels):1-Frame construction (supports and bracing beams)2-Floor area: 270,000 m²3-Concrete: 85.000 m³4-Steel: 14.000 t5-Structural steel: 1.400 t6-Promenade (asphalted main connecting level)7-Area: 28,000 m² floor area with 8,50 m ceilings8-1,033 pre-cast sections on 128 pillars and 88 load bearing points9-External circumference: approx. 1,200 m

> Façade•1-2,874 rhomboidal inflated ETFE foil panels form the 66,500 m² roof and façade

2-Biggest membrane shell in the world•3-Thickness: 0.2 mm

4-Weight: 350 g/ m² 5-Longitudinal/transverse tensile strength: 52/52 N/mm²6-Longitudinal/transverse tensile stress at 10% elongation: 21/21 N/mm²

•7-UV permability: 95%8-Visible light permability: 93%

•9-Total area: 7.6 to 40.7 m²10-Length: approx 3 to 10 m11-maximum width: 1.9 to approx. 4.6 m12-Maximum diagonal length: approx 17 m13-Fans keep the panels inflated at a constant pressure of 0.035 bar (maximum possible pressure 0.08 bar)14-In case of snowfall, 12 pressure-monitoring points ensure the correct pressure adjustments to allow for snow up to 1.6 m.15-Lifespan approx 25 years, non-flammable, exceptionally resistant to heat and cold, self-cleans with rain

•16-Each of these special hydraulic panels can carry up to 8 t and has a wind pressure resistance of 22 t

> Allianz Arena LED display # Supports, steel construcers

1-Steel frame h = 3.8m/5m per letter to support and reinforce the zinc-coated construction

2-Total weight of steel construct: approx. 2,750kg

> Roof Structure•1-Total area: 38.000 m²

2-Primary roof structure (60%):3-48 radial main beams, approx 65 m long and weighing up to 106 t4-Total of 5,300 t S355 steel5-Secondary roof structure (cross beams, 40%)6-Forms a rhomboidal ‘steel net’ within which the panels are supported7-In the form of rectangular tubing 180 mm x 180 mm x 5-16 mm8-Total of 3,400 t S355 steel9-50 m high free floating construction

•10-Maximum load bearing stress, own weight plus full load of snow at centre: 5,000 kN (~ 500 t)11-Maximum load bearing stress at edge: 3,300 kN (~ 300 t)12-Deflection under load at edge with full snow load and wind: 55 cm13-Roof panels have a transparent inner surface14-Retractable internal roof (blind and theatre usage) opened and closed by 51 electric motors

>Support structure construction : frame construction >Facade construction : building envelope

>Support structured material : reinforced concrete, steel/aluminium

>Facade material : concrete, plastic, fair-faced concrete• -The stadium construction began on 21 October 2002

and was officially opened on 30 May 2005. The primary designers are architects Herzog & de Meuron. The stadium is designed so that the main entrance to the stadium would be from an elevated esplanade separated from the parking space consisting of Europe’s biggest underground car park.The roof of the stadium has built-in roller blinds which may be drawn back and forth during games to provide protection from the sun.

:-Total concrete used during stadium construction: 120,000 m³

:-Total concrete used for the parking garage: 85,000 m³

:-Total steel used during stadium construction: 22,000 tonnes

:-Total steel used for the parking garage: 14,000 tonnes

• - 20 November 2003 The first of the twelve main steel beams for the roof of the Allianz Arena is

spectacularly lifted into place and secured .

The final 4.5 cubic meters of concrete are ceremonially poured into the last area in the stadium to be concreted. the approximately 64,000 square metre laminate façade, is mounted on the South Stand. The Allianz Arena wins the 2003 German Fire Prevention Award for its outstanding

fire prevention plan.

•The entire external façade is completed. Within a year an approximately 12,000 square metre façade has been put in place, of which some 5,000 square metres is glass . The exterior of the Allianz Arena is complete: the last of the 2,874 foil cushions is installed on the North side, giving a total area of 64,000 square metres (38,000 square metres of roof and 26,000 square metres of façade).

Façade 2,874 rhomboidal inflated ETFE foil panels form the

66,500 m² roof and façade Biggest membrane shell in the world.

1,056( of 2,760 ) ) , illuminated panels in white ( red or blue

4,250 i ndividual lights 4 Each panel has identical lights

) i nstalled in pairs between two lens ( shaped panels

25,344 - l ong life fluorescent tubes with a 8,000 lifespan of hours.

190 monitors in the ArenaTotal surface (barrier to barrier): 120 m x 83 mSpectator distance from pitch: 7.5 m minimum

Façade lighting

Pitch

Total area: 38.000 m².Primary roof structure (60%).48 radial main beams, approx 65 m long and weighing up to 106 t.Total of 5,300 t S355 steel.

22,000 sprinklers300 dry/wet risers4,600 fire detectorsApprox. 35,000 linear fire detectorsAlarm system: 6,200 loudspeakersAccess system: 110 turnstiles, fixed and mobile card readersSurveillance system: 90 recording cameras providing court-admissible footageData transport: approx. 800,000 m fibre optic cable

Roof Structure

Fire Prevention and Safety

Method of Construction a) The stadium is designed so that the main entrance to the stadium

would be from an elevated esplanade separated from the parking space consisting of Europe’s biggest underground car park.

• b) The roof of the stadium has in-built roller blinds which may be drawn back and forth during games to provide protection from the sun.

• >Total concrete used during stadium construction: 120,000 m³• >Total concrete used for the parking garage: 85,000 m³

• >Total steel used during stadium construction: 22,000 tonnes• >Total steel used for the parking garage: 14,000 tonnes

Research Members:

•1 -Ahmed Abdel-rahim Mohamed Ali•2- Osama Ahmed Mahmoud Khalifa

References: • >Official FC Bayern Munchen Website

• >The Allianz Arena Stadium on Wikipedia

•“ >Academia.edu” website