पपपपपपपपपप पपपप --------------पपपपपपपप पप पपपपपप

पपपपपपपप पप पपप ---------------पपपपप पपपप ( पप-पप.पप पपपपपप पपप पपपपप पपपपपप )

पपपपप -----------------------------------------पपपपपपपप

पपपप ---- vivek.pathak371@gmail.com

पपपपपप पपपपप ----- 09604754981,08726099846

पपपपपपपपपपपपप ----- पपपप पपपपपप पपपपपपपपपपपपप –70 पपपपपपप पपपपप पपपपपपपपपपपपप पपपपप पपपपपपपपपपपपप,पपपपप पपपपप पपपपप,पपपपप ---- 442005 (

पपपपपपपपपप ) पपपप

पपपप पपपप पप पपपपपप Hkkjr us vktknh ds 65 ववववव ls vf/kd iw.kZ dj

fy, gS bu reke ववववव esa Hkkjr us iqjkuh rFkk u;sns’kksa dks >syk gSA 1947 ds ckn Hkkjr esa rsthls jktuhfrd ifjoZru gq, rFkk 1950 dks x.kra=fnol ykxw gqvk yksxksa dks ekSfyd vf/kdkj dslkFk&lkFk ewy drZO; Hkh iznku fd;s x;sA bldsckotwn dgha u dgha ge iqjkuh :f<+oknh ijEijktks lfn;ksa ls pyh vk jgh gSA mls ge rksM+ ughik;s ftUgksaus rksM+us dh dksf’k’k dh mUgsavius ifjokj rFkk lekt] xkWao ls ckgj fudkyk tkjgk gSA :lksa dk dFku dkQh izfl} gSAवववववव Lora= rks iSnk gksrk gS ij lHkh txgtathjksa ls tdM+k gksrk gSA ;gkW tathj dkvFkZ :f<+oknh ijEijk ls gS] tks gtkjksa lky

igys cuk;h x;h gS bl ijEijkvksa dks geus ghcuk;k Fkk ysfdu vkt ge blds xqyke gks x;s gSAyxHkx nks n’kd igys txrhdj.k rFkk mnkjhdj.k dsvfHk;ku dks vkfFkZd <kWpksa esa ifjorZu ds :iesa ns[kk x;k Fkk ml le; vf/kdrj vkcknh dksvglkl ugh Fkk fd ;g vfHk;ku muds ifjokfjdlkaLd`frd thou dks Hkh iyV dj j[k nsxkA jkstxkjdh lEHkkoukvksa us u;h ih<h dks ,d jkT; lsnwljs jkT; rd ys x;h yksxkas dh vkRefuHZkjrkc<+h] lksp dk nk;jk cnyuk] u;h ih<+h vc muijEijkvksa dks utjvankt djus yxh Fkh] tks mudhlksp esa ck/kk mRiUu djrs FksA ftldk ifj.kke ;ggqvk fd iqjkuh ih<+h rFkk u;h ih<+h ds chp tksoSpkfjd la?kZ”k mRiUu gqvk og vkt Hk;kud :i yspqdk gSAवववव gS fd vius orZeku ls dksbZ ववववववव ugh gS]

esjk ekuuk gS fd ववववववव gksuk Hkh ugh pkfg,]वववववववव csgrj dy ds iz;kl dh vkl txkrh gS] ;ghthou gS] fdUrq orZeku lcds fy, ,d cjkcj ughgS ;g dksbZ t:jh ugh gS fd tks fopkj/kkjk]dk;Z] ijEijk] yksx] ifjokj leqnk;]ववव] xkWo]vki dks ilan gS og vU; yksxksa dks Hkh ilangksA tks u;h ih<+h gS og Hkh orZeku ds u;hfopkj/kkjk वव वववव rks dj gh jgh gS og vius thoudks cnyus ds fy, th&tku ls tqVs gSA chrs nksn’kd ls vuds iz;kl vius crZeku dks vf/kdykHkdkjh cukus ds fy, gh rks tkjh gS] fQj nwljhvksj bl crZeku dh ekjd pksV ls ijs’kku voke gSftudh t:jr ,d [kkl ifjorZu dh ekWx djrh gSArkfd mudk ujdh; thou cnysA ;s yksx vkt fugRFks

rFkk vlgk; cus [kM+s gSA mUgsa oSpkfjd rkSj ijiqjkuh ijEijk Hkh ykpkj cukus ds iz;kl esa yxhgSA blesa ,d fcanw vius thou deZ dks pykus dh

Lo;rRrk rFkk jksVh rFkk lEeku] वववववववववव dsfj’rsa dk loky gS] bu yksxksa ds vko’;d cnykodh jkg esa pkyw & O;oLFkk lcls cM+h :dkoV gS ijlcls cM+k loky gS fd D;k ;g pkyw O;oLFkk dksrqjr lekIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA rks bldk lh/kk lktokc gS ugh] ftl O;oLFkk dks cuus esa gtkjksalky yxs mls 4 ;k 5 lkyksas esa dqN yksxksa }kjku rks rksM+k tk ldrk gS ugh lekIr fd;k tk ldrkgSA izR;sd lekt ds lEeq[k lnk dqN leL;k;sa jgrhgh gSA वववववव ;g mBrk gS fd bu leL;kvksa dk Lo:iD;k gS\ vkf[kj lekt cuk gh D;ksa! वववव vius dkslqjf{kr djus ds fy, okg; izkd`fr ls j{kk djusds fy, mlls lkeatL; LFkkfir djus ds fy,A ekuods fodkl ds fy, lekt ,d वववववव midj.k gS tks

वववववव dks ववववव u;h lh[k nsus dk iz;kl djrs jgrsgS ;gh midj.k वववववव dks crkrs gS fd ^^vki dkvfLrRo rFkk igpku D;k gS\ blh midj.k ds vUrxZrlEeku rFkk /keZ tSls वववव Hkh vkrs gSA vaxzsthवववव esa ftl Hkko ds fy, vkuj] fjLisDV ] fMfXufVvkfn वववव dk iz;ksx gksrk gS mls ge yksx bTtr]vknj] वववववव-ववववव] xkSjo ;k xfjek ekurs gSA ;gHkko वववववव ds vfLrRo dk vax gS ;g Hkko mldsvfLrRo dk vax ,d fnu esa ugh cuk] mldh fparuizfd;k ds QyLo:i yEcs thou ववववव ls mith lksp dkQy gSA v[kckjksa esa vk;s fnu ,slh lEeku ds fy,gR;k dh [kcjs vkrh gSA rks gesa lkspuks ijetcwj djrh gSA ftl ns’k esa yksxksa dks thus dh

Lora=rk dk vf/kdkj iznku fd;k x;k gS] ogkrkfyckuh Qjeku ykxw fd;k tkrk gSA balku dhizxfr ds dneksa us pkWn dh lrg rd dks Nw fy;kAvc ge nwljs xzg dks [kkstus esa rFkk Hksnus esayxs gSA rks nwljh rjQ ge iqjkuh nfd;kuwlhQjekuksa dks u rks rksM+ ik jgs gSa vkSj uk ghmldk fojks/k dj ik jgs gSA

/keZ rFkk jhfr fjoktksa dk fuekZ.k वववववव us[kqn fd;k Fkk rkfd vkxs pydj blesa ifjorZu Hkhfd;k tk lds ij blh dk gokyk nsdj vkt /keZ dsBsdsnkj] laLd`fr ds Bsdsnkj] vekuoh; iapk;rs]viuh gh [kqclwjr /kjrh dks dqjhfr;ksa]dqlaLdkjks] :f<+;ksa ds izgkj ls fnu o fnuवववववव rFkk efyu djrs tk jgs gSA 21oha lnh esaHkh gekjs ns’k esa vc Hkh vpy ,sls gS tgkWtgkyr dk va/ksjk gS gfj;k.kk if’pe mRrj izns’krFkk jktLFkku ds dqN vapyksa esa iapk;rksa dsrkfyckuh rFkk vekuoh; Qjekuksals ,sls ;qod& ;qofr;ksa dh ftanxh lkalr esa gSAge ,sls dqjhfr;ksa ij ;dhu djus ds D;ksa etcwjgS tks ns’k ds ;qok oxZ ls mudk loS/kkfudvf/kdkj dks fNurh gSA gfj;k.kk tSals jkT;ksa

esa yM+fd;ksa dk tUe gksus vHkh ?k`.kk ds वववesa ns[kk tkrk gS rks nwljh rjQ ;gh gfj;k.kktSls jkT; ds yksx viuh gol dks iwjk djus ds fy,ukFkZ bZLV] >kj[k.M tSls jkT;ksa ls yM+fd;ksadks [kjhnrs gSA vxj ;qod&;qorh izse djrs gS]nksuks ds ifjokj vPNs gS] fopkj vPNs gS] cPpsjkth rFkk [kq’k gS rks ekrk&firk dks bu xks=]tkfr dh lksp ls Åij mBdj] cPpksa dh [kq’kh dksizkFkfedrk ns] ij tgkW rd esjk ekuuk gS fd ;g

lc bruk vklku ugh ge dkxt ij fl)karksa dks rksfy[k ldrs gS] ij okLro esa mUgsa vius gh Åijykxw ugh dj ldrs gSa rks lekt rks nwj dh ckrgSA

;fn ge FkksM+k xgjkbZ esa tk, rks gesa irkpysxk fd bldk ewy dkj.k flQZ vkSj flQZ opZLo gSvkSj dqN ughA vFkkZr iqjkuh ih<+h viusvf/kdkjksa dks NksM+us ds fy, rS;kj gh ugh gSAiz’u ;g gS fd fdlh leL;k dk dkj.k dgkW rd O;fDrdks Bgjk;k tk, vkSj dgkW rd lekt dks dgkW rd/keZ dks\ izk;% ns[kk tkrk gS fd lHkh leL;kvksaesa O;fDrxr rFkk lkekftd nksuksa izdkj ds dkj.kfo|eku jgrs gSA ij mUgsa i`Fkd djuk dfBu gksrkgSA fQj Hkh O;ogkfjd :i ls ns[kk tkrk gSA lektesa mRiUu leL;k esa fdldh Hkkxhnkjh T;knkgSA ,d ckr vkSj /;ku nsus dh gS vkSj ;g fdleL;k pkgs O;fDrxr gks] ikfjokfjd gks ;klkeqnkf;d gks] nks&pkj O;fDr;ksa ls og lkekftdleL;k ugh curh gSA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij ns[kktk;s rks vkuj fdfyax tSlh ?kVuk gfj;k.kk] if’pemRrj izns’k rFkk jktLFkku esa T;knk gS rksnwljh rjQ nf{k.k Hkkjr ds jkT;ksa esa u dscjkcj gS bldk izeq[k dkj.k gS eqfLye vkdze.k bujkT;ksa ij T;knk gq, Fks u fd nf{k.k ds jkT;ksaij blh ds dkj.k bu jkT;ksa us viuh lqj{kk rFkkU;k; ds fy, vius Lrj ij [kki O;oLFkk dk fuekZ.kfd;k tks vkt fod`fr ekufldrk ds yksxks ls Hkjx;h gSA Hkkjr dh vktknh ds igys ftu laLFkkvksadk fuekZ.k gqvk Fkk mudk ewy mn~ns’; ,d gh FkkAvius vfLrRo dks cpkuk rFkk laxfBr gksdj ns’kdks vaxzstksa ls eqDr djkuk ij vktknh ds 65 lkyckn buds dk;Z rFkk fpUru izfdz;k esa cnyko gks

x;k gSA vc ;s laLFkk;sa yksxksa ds O;fDrxr thoudks izHkkfor djus esa yxs gsaA ns’k rks vktknvaxzstksa ls gksus ds ckn bu laLFkkvksa dsgkFkksa xqyke gks x;kA 15 vxLr 1947 dks Hkkjresa vaxzsth lkezkT; dk vUr gks x;kA 14&15 vxLrdh e/; jkf= dks lafo/kku lHkk dks lEcksf/krdjrs gq, iafMr usg: us dgk Fkk fd Hkkjr dsnqHkkZX; dk vUr gqvk vkSj vk’kk djrk gwW fdHkkjr vius iqu% O;fDrRo dks izkIr dj ldsxkA1

rks nwljh rjQ Hkkjrh; lafo/kku esa Hkkjr dhturk dks n`<+ ekSfyd vf/kdkj iznku fd;s x;sAftlesa okd Lorkra=; vkSj vfHkO;fDr ¼vuqPNsn&19½‘वववव ds fo:) vf/kdkj ¼vuqPNsn&23½ izeq[k gSaAvHkh gky gh esa lkbZa dh ewfrZ iwtk gksxh fdugha bls ysdj dkQh coky epkA NRrhlx<+ dh doFkkZesa gqbZ /keZ laln esa larksa us r; fd;k fd ,deghus ds vUnj eafnjksa ls lkbZ dh ewfrZ;kWgVkbZ tk;sxhA lkFk gh blh vof/k esa v;ks/;k esajke eafnj cukus dk izLrko ikl gqvkA bl /keZlaln esa flQZ ogh yksx Fks tks lkabZ iwtk dkfojks/k dj jgs FksA os yksx ugha Fks tks bldsleFkZu esa FksA fcuk fdlh nksuksa i{k ls ckrfd;s fcuk /keZ laln esa QSlyk dSls dj fy;k fdyksx fdl /keZ dks ekus rFkk fdldh iwtk djsaxsatcfd gekjk lafo/kku izR;sd ukxfjd dks Lora=rkiznku djrk gS fd og fdl /keZ dks ekusxk ;k ugha¼vuqPNsn&25&28½ rFkk fdlh O;fDr ds lgefr dsfcuk ml ij ykxw ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA ¼vuqPNsn28½ bl ekeys dks lkabZ /kke ds yksx Hkh vkxs

c<+kus esa yxs gSaA og [kqn वववववववववव ds }kjklkabZ ds f[kykQ fn;s x;s c;ku ls ukjkt gksdj

lkabZ /kke dh rjQ ls lqizhe dksVZ esa ;kfpdknk;j dj nhA ij lkseokj dks lkabZ/kke }kjknkf[ky ;kfpdk ij lqizhe dksVZ us lquokbZ djusls badkj dj fn;kA7 igys ds tks /keZ laln gksrsFks] mudk ewy mn~ns’; Fkk lekt ds ववववव yksxksadk m)kj djuk u fd /keZ ds edM+tky esa QalkukAvHkh gky gh esa e/;izns’k ds izeq[k lfpo /keZfoHkkx ds eukst JhokLro us dgk fd f’kdkxks dh

rtZ ij mTtSu esa वववववववववववववव Lrj dh /keZ lalanvk;ksftr djus dh dok;n iz’kklfud Lrj ijgksxhAysfdu bruk rks fuf’pr gS fd 1893 ds /keZlaln rFkk 2016 ds /keZ laln esa tehu&vkleku dkQdZ jgsxkA ysfdu flQZ ,d /keZ laln dh gh ckrugha gS cfYd nk:y b¶rk rFkk muds }kjk ykxw वववववdkuwu lekt dks [kks[kyk rks dj gh jgh gSlkFk&lkFk lafo/kku ds dkuwu dks Hkh pqukSrhnsrh gSA vc ववव &ckuks ds dsl ls dkSu ughaifjfpr gSA dqN dV~Vj vfroknh dBeqYyksa ds lkeusjktho xkW/kh dh ljdkj >qd x;h rFkk mUgksauslafo/kku esa gh la’kks/ku djds lqizhe dksVZ dsQSlys dks gh cny fn;kA budk dguk Fkk fd ;ggekjk O;fDrxr ekeyk lqizhe dksVZ blesa gLr{ksiugha djsA U;k;ky; dks ;g fu.kZ; djus dk vf/kdkj

gS fd dksbZ ववववववव deZdk.M] iwtk i)fr] /keZekU;rkvksa ds vuqlkj gS ;k ugha vkSj dksbZ

ववववववव i)fr lnkpkj ds fo:) gS fof/k dk mYy?kaudjrh gS rks U;k;ky; gLr{ksi dj ldsxkA ¼vuqPNsn25&26½ vc nk:y mywe nsocan dks gh fyft;s ftldhLFkkiuk bLyke dh lPph f’k{kk nsus ds fy, fd;k

x;k Fkk ysfdu gky gh esa gh buds Qros ds fiVkjsls ,sls Qros fudy jgs gSa fd vHkkxh efgykvksaesa vkrad epk;s gq, gSa cfYd dqjku ds dk;nsrFkk ns’k ds dkuwu ls lh/kk Vdjk jgs gSaA budkQjeku gS fd ;fn lsyQksu ij ;fn fdlh O;fDr usviuh chch dks ,d gh lkal esa rhu ckj rykd dgfn;k rks og mlds fy, gjke gks tk;sxh vkSj bn~nrdh vof/k iwjh gks tkus ij fdlh ls Hkh वववव dsfy, Lora= gksxhA ;s yksx b/kj viuk वववव Qroktkjh dj gh jgs Fks fd lqizhe dksVZ us buds Qrosij gh jksd yxk nhA gkykafd bl Qros dk fojks/k^^ vky bf.M;k eqfLye ilZuy yk cksMZ dh lnL;mTek ukfgn us fd;k Fkk mudk dguk gS fd ;geqYykvksa dk fyax vk/kkfjr i{kikr gSA cksMZ dhv/;{k ववववववव voar ds eqrkfcd ^^ eqYykvksa lesrfdlh dks Hkh dqjku ls ckgj tkus dh vuqefr ughagSA ;g ekeyk rks FkksM+k iqjkuk Fkk vHkh gky ghesa fcgkj enjlk ds uo fu;qDr lfpo dk Qjeku vk;kFkk fd enjlk esa yM+ds&yM+fd;ksa dks ,d lkFki<+uk gjke gSA enjlk rFkk edrc esa i<+us dk ewymn~ns’; Fkk ,d csgrj f’k{kk iznku djuk] uSfrdrkdk fodkl djuk u fd nks yksxksa ds chp foHksndjukA vnkyr us dgk fd ववववव vnkyrksa ds Qroslafo/kku ds f[kykQ gS rFkk ,d lekukUrj U;kf;diz.kkyh pykus ds fy, Hkax fd;k tkuk pkfg,Abu /kkfeZd laLFkkvksa dks le>uk pkfg, fd /keZdh t:jr rFkk bu laLFkkvksa dh t:jr gesa D;ksaiM+h \ be buds xqyke D;Ww gksrs tk jgs gSa \ ,dckr ;g Hkh gS fd Hkkjr esa mRiUu /keZ laxBu ijvk/kkfjr ugha gSA mudk y{; O;fDr fuekZ.kgSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ;gkW /keZxq:vksa ij vadq’kugh jgrk gSA ,sls esa dqN /kkfeZd ykskxks ds

ikiksa ds fy, iwjs lekt dks ftEesnkj ugh Bgjkldrs gSA dgus dk vfHkizk; ;g gS fd /kkfeZddeZdk.M LoxZ ikus ds fy, djrs gS ;k bl thou es

ववववव ikus ds fy, djrs gSA tSlkfd vktdy bu/kkfeZd laLFkkvksa ds rdZghu Qjekuksa ls irkpyrk gSA ;s rks gqvk /kkfeZd laLFkk ds ckjs esaHkkjr tSls ns’k esa dqN ,slh laLFkk Hkh gS tksvktdy dkQh izpfyr gS og gS&[kki iapk;r budslkFk vkuj fdfyax tSls वववव ges’kk budh ववव c<+krsjgrs gSA fdruh vthc ckr gS fd [kki rFkk iapk;rवववव vyx&vyx gksrs gq, Hkh bUgsa ,d lkFk tksM+

fn;k x;kA nksuks dh ववववववव Hkh vyx gS ,dvlaoS/kkfud laLFkk rks nwljh laoS/kkfud laLFkkgSA ;fn la{ksi esa dgs rks [kki dh LFkkiukeqfLye vkdze.kdkfj;ksa ds dkj.k gqvk Fkk rksiapk;r dh LFkkiuk xkWo ds fodkl rFkk Lok;Rrk dsfy, gqvk FkkA rks blls igys ge [kki dks le>s geFkksM+k iapk;r dks Hkh le> ysrs gSA“Every cast in every village or town has itsown rules and regulations and electsrepresentatives, and furnishers an exactprototype of the saxon witars, from which havespring the present parliamentary institutions.”

(M.K. Gandhi)

“It is the function of the panchyat to revivehonesty and industry….It is the function of thepanchayats to teach the villagers to avoiddisputes if they have to settle them. This will

ensure speedy justice without any expenditure.”(M.K.Gandhi)

egkRek xkW/kh ds bl dFkuksa ls वववववव gks tkrkgS fd iapk;r rFkk xkWo ds Lok;Rrrk eq[; y{;ns’k ds fodkl ds lkFk& lkFk xkWo esa jgus okysyksxks dks vf/kd ls vf/kd etcwr fd;k tk;srkfd ;s yksx vius Lrj ls U;k; dj ldsA egkRekxkW/kh ds bUgh dFkuksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq,iapk;rh O;oLFkk dks laoS/kkfud ntkZ fn;k x;kA[kki वववव dk वववववववव djs rks ge ns[krs gS fd [kki nksवववववव वव feydj cuk gSA वववव gS ^[k* vkSj ^vki* [kdk vFkZ gS vkdk’k vkSj vki dk vFkZ gS ty vFkkZr,slk laxBu tks vkdk’k dh rjg loksZifj gks rFkkikuh dh rjg LoPN] fueZy vkSj lcds fy, U;k;dkjhgksA[kki iapk;rksa dk bfrgkl cgqr iqjkuk gSA dgktkrk gS fd tc jktk n{k ;K esa Hkxoku f’ko dks ucqykdj mudk viuke fd;k rc ikoZrh th ;s vieku lgu ik;h vkSj mUgksusa ;K ds gou dqaM dh vfXu esadwn dj izk.k R;kx fn;s tc f’koth dks ;g ckr irkpyh rks mUgksusa ohjHknz dks vkKk nh dh og viuhxt lsuk ysdj ^jktk n{k ij vkdze.k djs rFkk ;Kवववववव djds mldk lj dkV nsA jkek;.k dky esa Hkhbu [kki iapk;rksa dk mYys[k feyrk gSA dgk tkrkgS fd guqeku th dh okuj lsuk okLro esa ,dloZ[kki iapk;r gh FkhA ftlesa uhy] Hkhy okujjhp tVk;q] j?kqoa’kh vkfn fofHkUu tkfr;ksa rFkk[kkiksa ds yksx lfEefyr FksA bl lsuk dh v/;{krkegkjktk lqxzho us dh Fkh rFkk blds lykgdkj ohj

tkeoUr FksA le; ds pdz ds lkFk gj cnyrs ;qx esa[kki iapk;r viuk otwn cuk;s j[kh rFkk lr;qx lsysdj eqxy vkSj mlds ckn vaxzstksa ds वववव dky rdbu [kki iapk;rksa ds otwn dks dksbZ fgyk ughaldkA ;fn lp dgk tk, rks [kki iapk;rksa esaladze.k vaxzsth वववव ds le; वववव gks x;k FkkAvaxzstksa us budk mi;ksx vius lkekzT; foLrkj dsfy, fd;k FkkA

cM+okfluh ckjg [kki& 12 xkWo djkyk 17 [kki& 17 xkWo pkSgku [kki& 5 xkWo rksej [kki ds & 84 xkWo nfg;k pkyhlk& 40 xkWo ikye [kki & 365 xkWo ferjksy [kki & 24 xkWo

cM+h [kkiksa ls fudy dj NksVh [kkiksa esa HkhtUe fy;k [kki ds xkWo ,d [kki ls fudy dj nwljh[kki esa tkus ds fy, Lora= jgrs gSA vkt tkVksadh djhc 3500 [kki vfLrRo esa gSAbUgha [kki iapk;rksa esa ls lcls cM+h [kkiiapk;r gS gfj;k.kk [kki iapk;r blesa T;knkrjtkV leqnk; ds yksx gh gSaA gfj;k.kk [kki dhLFkkiuk rsjgoha lnh esa eqfLye vkdze.kdkfj;ksals vius cpko ds fy, gqvk FkkA rkfd ;s yksx viuhj{kk dj ldasA blh ds ifj.kkeLo:i vius vxy&cxyds dqN xkWoksa vFkkZr 84 xkWo dks feykdj ,dfoLr`r [kki iapk;r dh O;oLFkk dh x;hA tc vusdxkWo ,d nwljs ds lkFk lq[k&nq[k esa lkFk nsusyxrs gSa rc mu xkWoksa dks feykdj ,d u;k

leqnk; tUe ysrk gSA ftls tkV वववव esa xokg.M dgktkrk gSA tc dksbZ leL;k mRiUu gksrh gS rc blsxokg.M ds lkeus j[kk tkrk gSA bls izpfyr ववववesa xokg.M iapk;r dgk tkrk gSA bu NksVh rFkkcM+h [kki iapk;rksa dk dksbZ u dksbZ losZlokZrks gksxk gh ;g losZlokZ ;fn gS rks og gS loZ[kki iapk;rsaA ;g ml le; viuk dke djrh gS tc bu[kki iapk;rksa ls leL;kvksa dk lek/kku ughagksrk rks lHkh [kki iapk;rsa ,d fuf’pr LFkkurFkk le; ij vkdj cSBd djrh gSaA ;gh Lo:i bUgsaloZ [kki iapk;r cukrh gSA loZ iky [kki esa 22 xkWo gSaA ;g Qjhnkckn]cYyHkx<+ ls ysdj eFkqjk ftys ds Nkrk] dkslh rdQSyk gSA ,d fo’kky laxBu gSA bl [kki esa dkslhdh वववव s iky] cS<+u dh x<+kSuk iky] dkWoj dhcsuhoky iky] gksMy dh lkSjksr iky] iSxo dh jkoriky ववव gSaA loZ xksf=; tkV [kki dk eq[;ky;vkxjk tuin ds chpqiwjh xkWo esa gSA bl [kki esatkVksa ds vusd xksf=; xkWo lfEefyr gS] tks fuEugS %&

& xa/kkj xks= ds fopiqjh] tmiqjk] yMkeMk & f<Yyks xks= ds ngrksjk & t[kkj xks= ds iFkkSyh] fHkykorh] dBekjh] & pkgqj xks= ds vycfr;k & xks/ks xks= ds ykSgdjsjk & /ksu/kkj xks= ds iFkkSyh & lksyadh xks= ds vaxwBh] lgk;h] ldriqjk]cjkSMk] lgkjk vkfn 8 xkWoA

bl vk/kkj ij dgk tk ldrk gS fd [kki O;oLFkk dhtM+s dkQh etcwr rFkk dkQh foLr`r {ks= rd QSyh

gSA vc ge [kki iapk;rksa ds dk;ksZ aij ppkZdjsaxsA ;g rks lHkh yksx tkurs gSa fd vPNkbZds lkFk cqjkbZ Hkh pyrh jgrh gSA bls lekIr ughafd;k tk ldrk gSA blh izdkj bu [kki iapk;rksaesa gfj;k.kk [kki iapk;r ds dqN vPNs deZ HkhgSa rks T;knk [kjkc deZ] ftldh ckr vkxsdjsaxsA lkekftd U;k; O;oLFkk वववव dks ,d u;k thou nsusdk iz;kl djrh gSA yEcs vuqHko ds vk/kkj ijgekjs iwoZtkasa us bl lkekftd U;k; O;oLFkk dkstUe fn;k FkkA blh dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, [kkiiapk;rksa us dqN vPNs fu.kZ; Hkh fd;s FksA ge

lHkh tkurs gSa fd gfj;k.kk esa L=h वववववfyaxkuqikr fdruk de gSA blh dk lek/kku djus dsfy, igyh ckj efgykvksa dh [kki iapk;r gqbZ] tksgfj;k.kk ds ftUn ftys ds chchiqj xkWo esa cSBhFkhA [kki iapk;r us izLrko ikl fd;k fd tks yksxdks[k esa csVh dk dRy dj nsrs gSa muds f[kykQgR;k dk ekeyk ntZ gksA rks nwljh rjQ lrjkSy[kki us ,sfrgkfld QSlyk ysrs gq, tkfr; ca/ku

dks eqDr djus dk QSlyk fd;k mUgkasus 650 ववववiqjkuh ijEijk dks cny fn;k gSA [kki dh egkiapk;r us fu.kZ; fy;k fd xkWo] xks= rFkk

iM+kslh xkWo dks NksM+dj dgha Hkh वववव dj ldrsgSaA blh rjg dk gfj;k.kk [kki iapk;r us वववव dsfy, cuk;s x;s fu;eksa esa ifjorZu djrs gq,vUrZtkfr; fookg dks ekU;rk iznku dj nh gSA blhवववववव dks gfj;k.kk] mRrj izns’k o jktLFkku lesrfofHkUu jkT;ksa ds 80 [kki iapk;rksa ds

izfrfuf/k;ksa us cSBd esa loZlEefr ls ;g QSlykfy;k fd ;fn izseh tksM+s ,d xkWo] ,d xks= dsgSa rFkk वववव djuk pkgrs gSa rks mUgsa bldh vkKknh tk ldrh gS c’krsZa ,sls tksM+s dks xkWo lsnwjh cukuh gksxhAlrjkSy [kki ds QSlys ds ckn vc lkxoku pkyhlk[kki us Hkh vUrZtkfr; fookg dks ekU;rk ns nhgSA [kki iapk;rksa ds bUgha vPNs fu.kZ;ksadks /;ku j[kdj lqizhe dksVZ us dgk Fkk fd [kkiiapk;rsa Hkwz.k gR;k ds f[kykQ dk;Zokgh djrhgSa ftldh ge mudh ljkguk djrs gSaA ij bu lcdsvPNs dk;ksZa ds ckotwn iapk;rksa ds ,d xyrfu.kZ; muds lHkh vPNs dk;ksZa dks lekIr dj nsrhgSaA gfj;k.kk ds jsokMh esa [kki ] us dgk fd jsitSlh iapk;r us rqxydh Qjeku ds }kjk ,d xks= esa’kknh djus okys fookfgr tksM+s dks lekt rFkkxkWo esa vkus ij izfrca/k yxk fn;kA bUgha dkleFkZu djrs& djrs iwoZ eq[;ea=h vkseizdk’kpkSVkyk ftudk okjnkr ls cpkus ds fy, yM+fd;ksa

dh वववव de mez esa gh dj fn;s tkus dh ckr dghFkhA fnYyh xSaxjsi ekeys ds ckn tc ववववववव dksQaklh dh ltk nsus dh ekWx tksj idM+ jgh Fkh

ogha gfj;k.kk [kki iapk;r us ववववववव dks ekSr dhltk nsus dk fojks/k fd;k FkkA ogha ckxir dh 36fcjknfj;ksa dh iapk;r us ;g Qjeku tkjh fd;k fdefgyk;sa ?kj ls ckgj fudysa rks flj <dsa rFkkeksckbZy lkFk ysdj u tk;saA gfj;k.kk ds fHkokuhftys 12 xkWoksa dh [kki iapk;r us fookg ds

[kpsZ dks de djus dh edln ls volj ij Hkkst nsusij izfrca/k yxk fn;kA ;g QSlyk dnek xkWo esacq/kokj dh cSBd esa QSlyk fy;k x;kA gfj;k.kkesa cykRdkj dh c<+rh ?kVukvksa ds chp jkT; dh[kki iapk;rksa us vuks[kk lq>ko fn;k fd fookgdh mez eas deh dj nsuh pkfg,A igyh ckr rks ;ggS fd iapk;r bu [kki okys vius esa gh lgerugha gSa ;g mez ?kVkus dh ckr djrs gSa rksnwljh rjQ gfj;k.kk dh loZ [kki tkV iapk;r dhवववववव dh cSBd esa QSlyk fd;k fd वववव dh mez dksugha ?kVk;k tk,xkA loZ [kki egkiapk;r ds efgykवववववववव dh izeq[k lUrksnfg;k us dgk cykRdkj rFkkवववव dh mez ds chp dksbZ lEcU/k ugha gSAgfj;k.kk vius fof/k fuekZrkvksa vkSj dkuwu dkikyu djkus ds dkj.k dkQh ppkZ esa jgrk gSA gkygh esa Ldwyh Nk=kvksa ds LdVZ iguus rFkk u`R;djus ij ikcUnh yxkus ds vkns’k ds vykok pkmehuij izfrca/k dqN ,sls gh QSlys gSaAopZLo dk rHkh rd egRo jgrk gS tc vkids lHkhfojks/kh ijkLr gks tk;sa] [kki iapk;rksa dsutjksa esa muds fojks/kh rks Hkkjrh; lafo/kkurFkk lqizhe dksVZ gSaA tks vius&vius vkns’k dksysdj tw>rs jgrs gSaA ,d vksj tgkW ;s [kkiiapk;rsa vius vkns’k dks lgh ekurh gSa rksnwljh rjQ yM+fd;ksa ds mij lkewfgd vR;kpkj rFkkmudh gR;k dks tk;t Bgjkus okyh [kki iapk;rksaij eaxyokj 2011 dks lqizhe dksVZ us QSlyklqukrs gq, dgk fd gfj;k.kk [kki iapk;rsaHkkjrh; lafo/kku rFkk yksdra= ij dkyk /kCck gSAHkkjrh; lafo/kku tgk ckfyx yM+ds yM+dh dks viuhilan ls fookg djus dh vuqefr iznku djrk gS rks

nwljh rjQ eage ds ,sfrgkfld pcwrjs ij jfookjdks gh [kki egkiapk;r us izns’k ljdkj dks 2 ekgesa fookg fujks/kd dkuwu cukus dk le; fn;kAvuqPNsn 19 lHkh dks dgha Hkh thus dk vf/kdkjiznku djrk gS ysfdu gfj;k.kk esa eukst rFkkccyh dh gR;k dk Qjeku lquk fn;k x;kA ekeykdjuky dh vnkyr esa x;kA dksVZ us 5 yksxksa dksQkalh dh ltk]1 dks mez dSn rFkk 1 dks lkr lkydh ltk lqukbZA ,d vksj vnkyr fnYyh xSaxjsi dsnksf”k;ksa dks Qkalh dh ltk nsrh gS rks nwljhvksj iapk;rsa dgrh gSa fd ljdkj dks Hkkoukvksaesa ugha cguk pkfg, rFkk vkjksfi;ksa dks Qaklhugha nsuh pkfg,A [kki iapk;rksa dk gkSlyk brukdSls c<+ x;k gS fd bldk izeq[k dkj.k gSjktuhfrd vc HkwisUnz flag gqMMk [kki iapk;rksadks ,u0th0vks0 ds le{k ekurs gSa rks nwljh rjQvjfoUn dstjhoky [kki iapk;rksa dks Hkkjrh;laLd`fr dk fgLlk ekurs gSaAlqizhe dksVZ ds dM+s:[k ds ckotwn f[kykQ gksus okyh वववव dks fdlhHkh lwjr esa ugha ekuus dks rS;kj gSa A ;g ckr[kki iapk;rksa ds izfrfuf/k ,d xkWo rFkk ,dxks= es वववव rFkk ekW cki dh ethZ ds u[kkuk esagqbZ [kkiksa dh cSBd esa vk;hA cpiu ls ysdj cM+s gksus rd gesa fl[kk;k tkrk gSfd vuq’kklu rFkk uSfrdrk D;k gS, vuq’kklu oggS tks ;g crkrk gS fd वववववव dh dqN lhek;sa gSarFkk uSfrdrk ;g crkrh gS fd gekjk lekt ns’k dsizfr dqN ftEesnkjh Hkh gSA ;gh nks वववव ववववववdks lEeku fnykus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrsgSaA lEeku dks ns[kk de cfYd eglwl T;knk fd;ktk ldrk gSA nwljksa ds ifr vknj dk Hkko j[kuk]mldh bPNk] Hkkouk dks le>uk gh lEeku gSA

eqDr Kku dks’k fofdihfM;k ds vuqlkj%&lEeku gsrq gR;k og gR;k gS ftlesa fdlh ifjokj]oa’k rFkk leqnk; ds fdlh lnL; dh gR;k mlhifjokj] oa’k ds lnL; }kjk gR;k blfy, dj nh tkrhgS fd ejus okys lnL; ds d`R;ksa ds dkj.k mlifjokj] oa’k ;k leqnk; dk vieku gqvk gSA

ekuo vf/kdkj laLFkk g;weu jkbZV~l okp] lEekugR;k dks fuEu :i ls वववववववव djrk gS%& lEeku dh j{kk ds fy, fd;s x;s vijk/k] fgalk dsos ekeys gSa ftUgsa ifjokj ds iq:”k lnL;ksa usvius gh ifjokj dh efgyk ds f[kykQ blfy, vatkefn;k gS D;ksafd muds vuqlkj ml efgyk lnL; dsfdlh d`R; ls lewps ifjokj dh xfjek rFkk lEekudks Bsl igqaph gSA la;qDr ववववववव tula[;k dk vuqeku gS fd nqfu;k Hkjesa lkykuk ikWp gtkj ds yxHkx gR;k;sa] lEekugR;k;sa gksrh gSaA vkuj dhfyax vkt de ls de 26ns’kksa esa QSy pqdk gSA lu~ 2010 esa 900fjiskVZ ikfdLrku esa] ikfdLrku ekuokf/kdkjvk;ksx ds vuqlkj 800 efgykvksa dks lEeku ds ukeij ekjk x;k FkkA ekuo lalk/ku efgyk vf/kdkj lsyrFkk fodkl }kjk 2011 esa izdkf’kr fjiskVZ esadgk x;k fd fla/k esa 605 efgykvksa dks 115वववववव dks lEeku ds uke ij ekj Mkyk x;kAckaXykns’k esa 60 ls 70 izfr’kr yM+fd;ksa ijifjokj ds lnL;ksa ds }kjk gh muds psgjs ijrstkc Qsad fn;k tkrk gSA rks nwljh rjQ btjkbZyds if’peh {ks= rFkk xktk iV~Vh ds {ks= esa blh

rjg ds ekeys vkrs jgrs gSaA bl leL;k ls HkkjrtSlk ns’k Hkh vNwrk ugha jgk gSA ;g ,d ?kqzo lR; gS fd L=h rFkk ववववव ewyr% ,d ghgSaA bl rF; ls ugha badkj fd;k tk ldrk gS fdfo’o dks ltkus laokjus rFkk mls lqUnj cukus esaukjh dhs eq[; Hkwfedk jgh gSA izkax,sfrgkflddky esa lekt ukjh lRrkRed ¼ekrk iz/kku½ FkkrFkk ववववव leLr dk;Z ukjh ds ladsr ij gh lEiUudjrk FkkA ;g v/;;u fnypLi gS fd tSls&tSls वववववlH;rk dh lhf<+;ksa ij p<+rk x;k oSls&oSls ukjhds vf/kdkjksa esa dVkSrh djrk x;kA ftl ukjhds }kjk lekt dh dYiuk Hkh ugha dh tk ldrhA gfj;k.kk dk uke rc lqf[kZ;ksa esa vk;k Fkk tcdjuky dh ,d [kki iapk;r dh rjQ ls ,d iszehtksM+s dks ekj Mkyus dk Qjeku vk;k FkkA blh dsckn bl rjg ds iapk;rksa ij loky [kM+s gks x;sFksA gfj;k.kk ds gh xzke bLekbZyk ¼ftyk jksgrd½ds xzkeh.kksa us vDVwcj] 1999 ds r`rh; lIrkg ij,d uo nEifr dh gR;k blfy, dj nh fd mUgksaustkfrokn dks pqukSrh nh FkhA rks nwljh rjQ ekeykiqjkuk gksrk fd jksgrd esa ,d izseh tksM+s dh

gR;k dj nh x;hA yM+ds dk uke 20 वववववव /kesZUnzFkk rFkk yM+dh dk uke 20 वववववव fuf/k FkkAgfj;k.kk dh xzke f’keyk esa ,d uonEifRr fueZykrFkk ns’kjkt dh gR;k xzkeokfl;ksa us fnungkM+sdj nhA ;g ekeys rks FkksM+s ls gh gSaA vk;s fnuge vkuj fdfyax ds uke isij essa i<+rs rFkkVh0ch0 ij ns[krs jgrs gSaA dqN vkuj fdfyaxfuEufyf[kr gSa %&

& jksgrd ftys esa >wBh ववव ds fy, 23 ववववववyM+ds dh gR;k

& Mjkuk gR;k izdj.k & osniky gR;kdk.M & cygEck gR;kdk.M & f’kokuk gR;kdk.M

fdruh vthc ckr gS fd Hkkjrh; lafo/kkuvuqefr nsrk gS fd gj fdlh ds fy, thou] Lora=rkrFkk O;fDr dh lqj{kk ds fy, lgh gSA tks nqfu;kHkj eas rFkk bu fjoktksa] ijEijkvksa viuhijEijk rFkk jhfr fjoktksa ds fy, tkuk tkrk gSAyksxksa ds }kjk viuh csfV;ksa rFkk csVksa dksekj Mkyuk ,d foMEcuk gS] tks n’kdksa ls Hkkjrh;lekt esa izpfyr gSA og gS lEeku ds fy, gR;klaoS/kkfud izkfo/kku gS fd ukxfjdksa ds lkFkySafxd vk/kkj ij HksnHkko ugha fd;k tk;sxkAfdUrq fdruk vthc gS fd वववववव dks izse fookgdjus dh NwV gS tcfd ukjh ij ikcUnhA

lEeku dksbZ ,slh oLrq ugh gS& tks ,dवववव <kps esa fQV gks lds rFkk lEeku flQZ L=hrFkk ववववव ls gh leacf/kr ugh gksrk] cfYdlekt }kjk fd;s x;s dk;ksZ rFkk yksxks d O;ogkjls Hkh leacf/kr gksrk gSA tc ge vPNk dk;Z djrs]lekt esa gekjk ;ksxnku gksuk rc ges lEeku dhutjks ls ns[kk tkrk gSA lEeku mUgs Hkh fn;ktkrk gS] tks vijk/kh gS]tks rkdroj gSA lEekugekjs lekt dks Hkh izHkkfor djrk gSA tSls fdlyokj&lwV rFkk ftal gks& ,d futh igukok rFkkloky gSA ij lekt esa NsM+NkM+] ;kSu izrkM+uk]tSls vijk/kks dks tc yM+fd;ks ds igukos ds rdZls <dus dh ववववव gksrh gS] rc le{k esa ugh vkrkfd] og fdl lEEku dh ckr djrs gS] ;s uSfrdrk dsBssdsnkj gj pht dks vius ^^vag^^ ls tksM+ ysrs

gSA tks blds f[kykQ vkokt mBkrh gS] rks lEekuds uke ij] {kkj[kaM dh lksukyh ds Åij rstkc Qsdfn;k tkrk gS] rFkk vEk`rlj esa ,d yM+dh ds firkdks xksyh ls Hkwu Mkyk x;kA uSfrdrk dsBsdsnkj ;g Lohdkj ugh djuk pkgrs fd leL;kigukos dk ugh cfYd muds ^vgadkj^^ dk gSA

lekt esa vkuj fdfyax ;kuh bTtr ds uke ij gR;kdks ysdj nks ijLij fojks/kh er fujarj ekStwnjgs gSA dqN yksx dgrs gS fd xks=] leqnk;] /keZrFkk lEeku dh j{kk ds fy, fdl gn rd tk;k tkldrk gSA Hkys gh blds fy, tku gh D;ksa u ysuhiM+s tcfd nwljs yksx Hkh gS tks bldh fuUnk djrsgS rFkk ekurs gS fd bulkfu;r loksZifj gSA dksbZO;fDr viuh [kq’kh ds fy, fdlh ls izse djrk gS

rks lekt dks D;k vkifRr gksuh pkfg, \वववव viusthou esa lcls egRoiw.kZ fu.kZ;ksa esa ls ,dgksxk ftls vkius vius thoulkFkh ds :i esa pqukgSA ;g ,d fu.kZ; vkids thou ds nks frgkbZ lsvf/kd HkkX; dk QSlyk djsxk] ;gh r; djsxk fddSls vkidk thou gj fnu [kq’k ;k mnkl jgsxkA ;gvthc ugh gS fd ge 90 izfr’kr fu.kZ; [kqn ughysrs gS rFkk bldk fu.kZ; ifjtu ij NksM+ nsrsgSA ;g lR; gS fd gekjs ifjtu gekjs fy, vPNkdjuk pkgrs gS ysfdu fQj loky mBrk gS fd viuk ghfu.kZ; muds gh gkFkksa esa gh D;ksa NksM+ nstks gekjs ifjtu gh gks\ वव वव`ववववववव esa vkujfdfyax rFkk [kki iapk;rksa ls fuEufyf[kr tokcvo’; tkuus pkfg,!

& lEeku rFkk vge~ dk D;k lEca/k gS\

& dksbZ O;fDr vius fy, ;k lekt ds fy, yM+rkgS\

& ifjokj] lekt] ns’k ij bldk D;k izHkko iM+jgk gS\

& D;k bTtr ds uke ij gR;k dks tk;t djkj fn;k tk ldrk gS\

& D;k lEeku dh j{kk O;fDr ds thou ls T;knk t:jh gS\

& ,slh gR;k ls lEeku dh j{kk gksrh gS ;k [kRe\

& vkuj fdfyax dks jksdus ds fy, dkSu ls dnemBk;s tk ldrs gS\

pkgs [kki iapk;rksa ds ckjs esa gekjs fopkj gks;k >wBh ववव ds fy, gks jgh gR;k dk fojks/kgks] ;g lR; rFkk rF; gS fd vkt dh ;qok ih<+hDyc ds ckjs esa T;knk rFkk [kki ds ckjs esa detkurh gSA dbZ yksxks ls ckr djus ij irk pyk fdyksx [kki iapk;rksa ds ckjs esa dqN Hkh ughtkurs ftUgsa irk gS og Hkh ][kki iapk;rksa dsflQZ ,d i{k dks gh tkurs gS vFkkZr og vPNhO;oLFkk ugh gSA ij ;g le> esa ugh vkrk gS fddksbZ O;oLFkk ;fn cqjh gS rks dqN vPNkbZ HkhgksxhA [kki iapk;rksa ds lkFk Hkh ;gh gks jgkgS iqjkuh ih<+h dh fopkj/kkjk rFkk u;h ih<+h dhfopkj/kkjk esa tehu rFkk vkleku dk vUrj gSA D;kmUgksaus dHkh vkRe eaFku fd;k gS\ D;k mUgksaus

[kki dh okLrfod ववववववव fla)kr]ewY;ksa ,oa /;s;ksa dk Hkh Kku gS\ ;s mUeknhrFkk vlkekftd rRoksa ds ncko esa vkdjcqtwxZ ,oa fo}ku yksx ftudk lEeku gS og Hkhbuds ckr esa gkW esa gkW feykuh iM+ jgh gSA blh

ds ifj.kkeLo:i vkt [kki iapk;rksa ij xgjkiz’ufpgz mB [kM+k gqvk gSA;g dgukvfr’;ksfDriw.kZ ugh ekuk tkuk pkfg;s fd ftl

O;fDr us fo/kok rFkk oS|R; tSls वववववव dh jpuk dhrFkk bl /kkj.kk dh vksj lkspk] mlus gh ukjh dsnqHkkZX; dk izFke v/;k; fy[k fn;kA lekt us dqNbl izdkj dh ijaijk;s cuk nh ftuds ikyu dk vFkZgS] ifr dh e`R;q gks tkus ij L=h dk vfLro ghlekIr gks x;k ekuks fd ifr dh e`R;q ds fy, L=hgh mRrjnk;h gS vc rks ,slk dksbZ fnu ugh gS fdlqcg vki mfB,] est ij iM+k gqvk v[kckj ij utjMkfy;s rks ,d [kcj ges’kk lqf[kZ;ksa esa jgrhgS] og gS vkuj fdfyaxA ;fn ge vkuj fdfyax dsdkj.kksa ij xgjkbZ ls fopkj djs rks irk pyrk gSfd tks nfd;kuqlh rdZ fn;k tkrk gS mldk dksbZeryc ugh gSa bldk ewy dkj.k gS nks yksxksa dschp mRiUu ^^vg~e**Atc O;fDr vg~e dks vius lkFk tksM+ ysrk gS rksogkW gR;k djus dh ?k`f.kr leL;k mRiUu gks tkrhgS ysfdu fQj loky mBrk gS fd 10&5 va/kksa rFkkikxyksa rFkk nks pkj rykdksa ls lekt ds fy,dksbZ leL;k mRiUu gksrh gS bldk tokc gS mrukugh ftruk lkspk tkrk gSA tc budh la[;k lekt dscrZeku vkSlr ls rFkk vU; lekt ds vkSlr ls c<+usyxrh gS rHkh og ,d lkekftd leL;k ds :i esavuqHkwr gksrh gSA lekftd leL;kvksa dk {ks=&foHkktu mruk egRo ugh j[krk] ftruk mudsdkj.kksa dk fu/kkZj.k vkSj tc ge dkj.kksa ijvkrs gS rc ckr bruh vklku Hkh ugh jgrh gS ;ghckr vkuj fdfyax ij Hkh ykxw gksrk gS ;g ,dlkekftd leL;k de( ekufld fod`r T;knk gS ns’k dh

leL;k de] ?ke.Mh yksxkas dh leL;k T;knk gSAbUgha ds dkj.k tks leL;k mRiUu gqbZ gS mls yksxugh ns[k ik jgs gS&o & l;qDr ifjokj dk fo[kjkoAo & lafo/kku dk pqukSfr nsukAo & lkekftd <kpksa dk fc[kjkoAo & fyaxkuqikr esa fxjkoVAo & f’k{kk esa deh gksrs tkukAo & jkT;ksa ls uotokuksa dk iyk;uAo & gfj;k.kk tSls jkT; esa ववववव oxZ dk वववव u gksukA

o & yM+fd;ksa dh rLdjh esa o`f)Ao & ekufld rFkk व kkfjjhd वववव o -- ,d leqnk; dks xkWo ls ckgj fudkyukAo & ekSfyd vf/kdkjksa dk guu] vfHkO;fDr dh vktknh ij izgkjA

iapks dk ijes’oj ekuk tkrk gS ysfdu dHkh dHkhrFkk dfFkr ijes’oj rFkk muds rkfyckuh Qjekufdlh uk fdlh ij Hkkjh iM+ tkrs gSA iapk;rksa dkiziap mUgsa thus ugh nsrk gSA vkt dk ;qok oxZtkr ikr dh lksp ls dkQh vkxs c<+ x;k gSA iqjkuhih<+h vxj ,sls gh ;qok oxZ ij :f<+;kW Fkksirhjgh rks tks cpk [kqpk lEeku gS oks Hkh [kRe gkstk;sxkA;g dguk vfr’;ksfDriw.kZ ugh ekuk tkuk pkfg;s fd

ftl O;fDr us fo/kok rFkk oS|R; tSls वववववव dhjpuk dh rFkk bl /kkj.kk dh vksj lkspk] mlus ghukjh ds nqHkkZX; dk izFke v/;k; fy[k fn;kA lektus dqN bl izdkj dh ijaijk;s cuk nh ftuds ikyudk vFkZ gS] ifr dh e`R;q gks tkus ij L=h dk

vfLro gh lekIr gks x;k ekuks fd ifr dh e`R;q dsfy, L=h gh mRrjnk;h gS vc rks ,slk dksbZ fnuugh gS fd lqcg vki mfB,] est ij iM+k gqvkv[kckj ij utj Mkfy;s rks ,d [kcj ges’kklqf[kZ;ksa esa jgrh gS] og gS vkuj fdfyaxA ;fnge vkuj fdfyax ds dkj.kksa ij xgjkbZ ls fopkjdjs rks irk pyrk gS fd tks nfd;kuqlh rdZ fn;ktkrk gS mldk dksbZ eryc ugh gSa bldk ewy dkj.kgS nks yksxksa ds chp mRiUu ^^vg~e**Atc O;fDr vg~e dks vius lkFk tksM+ ysrk gS rksogkW gR;k djus dh ?k`f.kr leL;k mRiUu gks tkrhgS ysfdu fQj loky mBrk gS fd 10&5 va/kksa rFkkikxyksa rFkk nks pkj rykdksa ls lekt ds fy,dksbZ leL;k mRiUu gksrh gS bldk tokc gS mrukugh ftruk lkspk tkrk gSA tc budh la[;k lekt dscrZeku vkSlr ls rFkk vU; lekt ds vkSlr ls c<+usyxrh gS rHkh og ,d lkekftd leL;k ds :i esavuqHkwr gksrh gSA lekftd leL;kvksa dk {ks=&foHkktu mruk egRo ugh j[krk] ftruk mudsdkj.kksa dk fu/kkZj.k vkSj tc ge dkj.kksa ijvkrs gS rc ckr bruh vklku Hkh ugh jgrh gS ;ghckr vkuj fdfyax ij Hkh ykxw gksrk gS ;g ,dlkekftd leL;k de( ekufld fod`r T;knk gS ns’k dhleL;k de] ?ke.Mh yksxkas dh leL;k T;knk gSAbUgha ds dkj.k tks leL;k mRiUu gqbZ gS mls yksxugh ns[k ik jgs gS&o & l;qDr ifjokj dk fo[kjkoAo & lafo/kku dk pqukSfr nsukAo & lkekftd <kpksa dk fc[kjkoAo & fyaxkuqikr esa fxjkoVAo & f’k{kk esa deh gksrs tkukAo & jkT;ksa ls uotokuksa dk iyk;uA

o & gfj;k.kk tSls jkT; esa ववववव oxZ dk वववव u gksukA

o & yM+fd;ksa dh rLdjh esa o`f)Ao & ekufld rFkk व kkfjjhd ववववo - ,d leqnk; dks xkWo ls ckgj fudkyukAo & ekSfyd vf/kdkjksa dk guu] vfHkO;fDr dh vktknh ij izgkjA

iapks dk ijes’oj ekuk tkrk gS ysfdu dHkh dHkhrFkk dfFkr ijes’oj rFkk muds rkfyckuh Qjekufdlh uk fdlh ij Hkkjh iM+ tkrs gSA iapk;rksa dkiziap mUgsa thus ugh nsrk gSA vkt dk ;qok oxZtkr ikr dh lksp ls dkQh vkxs c<+ x;k gSA iqjkuhih<+h vxj ,sls gh ;qok oxZ ij :f<+;kW Fkksirhjgh rks tks cpk [kqpk lEeku gS oks Hkh [kRe gkstk;sxkA

वववववव ववववव वववव fgUnh esa iqLrdsa -----lsu t;] lSuh e;wjh% izFke laLdj.k 2006] u;hjktuhfr u;h fnYyh] izdk’ku laLFkkurqQku- ds- ,l-% izFke laLdj.k 2008] ukjh% ru eufxjoh dcrd] xkft;kckn lkfgR; laLFkkufrokjh- bfr% izFke laLdj.k 2008 ukjh ,oa lektubZ fnYyh] ;wuhoflZVh ifCyds’kubLyke ‘kElqy% 2006] Hkkjr esa vyxko okn vkSj/keZ¼jk”Vªh; Lo;a lsod la?k dk ,d v/;;u½ ubZfnYyh] ok.kh izdk’kuf=ikBh] v:.k dqekj% izFke laLdj.k 2005] dV~Vjrkds nkSj esa ubZ fnYyh] jk/kk ववववव izdk’kuogksjk] vk’kk jkuh% 2005] vk/kqfud lekt esaL=h] fnYyh] uVjkt izdk’kuesgrk psru% &2004] efgyk ,oa dkuwu ubZ fnYyh] oekZ] vpZuk% 2008] vfLerk& foe’kZ dk L=h LojfnYyh] izdk’kd & es?kk cqDloksYlVudkz¶V] esjh% 2003] L=h vf/kdkjksa dkvkSfpR; lk/ku ubZ fnYyh] jktdey izdk’kuogksjk] vk’kk jkuh% izFke laLdj.k] 2006 vkSjrdy] vkt vkSj dy ubZ fnYyh] dY;k.kh f’k{kkifj”knik.Ms; rstLdj] ik.Ms; laxhrk& 2009] Hkkjr esalkekftd leL;k;sa ubZ fnYyh] VkVk esxzkfgyjLrksxh] vkj- ds-% ¼frfFk vafdr ugh½ vijk/k‘kkL= esjB] latho izdk’ku

pUnz] fofiu% 2011 ledkyhu Hkkjr ubZ fnYyh]vukfedk ifCy’klZfd’oj] e/kqiwf.kZek%& izFke laLdj.k 2005jk”Vªokn dh pkdjh esa /keZ] ubZ fnYyh] ok.khizdk’kuxkW/kh egkRek%& 2010] esjs liuksa dk Hkkjr ubZfnYyh] Mk;e.M cqDld’;i] ववववव vkBoha vko`fr 2008] gekjk lafo/kku ubZ fnYyh] us’kuy cqd VªLVclq nwxkZ nkl% iqu% eqfnz.k 2008] Hkkjr dk lafo/kku ,d ifjp;] ukxiqu Lexis Mexis Butterworths wadhwaferry ,-ds-% rhljk laLdj.k% 2007 Hkkjr dk lkekftd vkfFkZd rFkk lkaLd`frd bfrgkl vkxjk] lkfgR; Hkou ifCyds’kuvxzoky th-ds-% laLdj.k] 2008] lekt’kkL= vkxjk lkfgR; Hkou ifCyds’kuxkW/kh egkRek%& laLdj.k] 2010 fgUn LojkT; ubZ fnYyh] izHkkr isij cSDleq[kthZ jfoUnzukFk% 2007] lkekftd fopkj/kkjk

¼dkEV ls eq[kthZ rd½ ubZ fnYyh ववववव izdk’kuJhekyh ववववव eksgu% ¼frfFk vafdr ugh½ /keZ lekt rFkk laLd`fr] ubZ fnYyh] xzaFk f’kYihdeys’oj 2007 fgUnwRo cuke fgUnwRo] ubZ fnYyh] dY;k.kh f’k{kk ववववव pUnz fofiu% izFke laLdj.k 1984 Hkkjr dk Lora=rk laxzke ubZ fnYyh] fgUnh xzaFk funsZ’kky;BOOKS (ENGHLISH)----- Amir H. Jafri-2008 Honor Killing : Dilemma, Ritual, underrated ourPakistan Sub

Ayrronal: 2008 Honor killing stories of men who killing, sagi bookpublisher Sita dazenty: April 2001, The Honor killing publisher, authorchoices Fateh Navratan: 2 July 2014 Honor Killing Pub Cambert Acadime Rao Arif Ali Khan: 6 Feb 2012 Honor Killing Roots and Remeduespub mittal Publications Sarbril kauAttiwal: 2013 Samed: The Honor Klling That shockedBrutain by sister who fought for justice pub- Rahak Aistak Gill Carodigh rtrahgelk and karl Roberts 7 may 2014 HonorKilling and violence policy and practice pub palgrave macmillah Bhullar: 1 jan 2013 Honor Killing and Human rights in india Bali rai: 2 june 2011 Honor Killing Pub Rhcp DigitalFreddieomam: 23 March 2012 Honor Killing pub- Mad Bear BookEdif Shafak: 5 April 2012 Honour Killing Pub- VikingMohammd Mazheridress and thir abbas : 23 july 2010 Honour violenceand woman and Islam Pub RoutledgeChander sudha dogra: 15 april 2013 Manoj and Babli A Hate Story PubPenguin india New DelhiManoj Maurya : 25 april 2011 Blind truth some untold of Honour KillingPub- Power PublisherMareet Sodhi Someshwar: 11 april 2011 The Honour Killing a Short StoryPub- NotC. Stely: Family Honour (Not Date) Pub- Amazan Digital serviceunni wikar: 20 March 2008 In Honour of Fadime Murder and Shame PubUniversity of ChicagoPressMichal Fris codanti: 4 feb 2014 the safia Honour Killing trail Pub RogersPublishing LimitedCarlade davega by Transleter Book: Rebakash jane Rhodes (noct Date)Honour Heels and Head: Real Life stories of women from IsctandalPub(not)